Development of machine learning model for automatic ELM-burst detection without hyperparameter adjustment in KSTAR tokamak

In this study, a neural network model inspired by a one-dimensional convolution U-net is developed to automatically accelerate edge localized mode (ELM) detection from big diagnostic data of fusion devices and increase the detection accuracy regardless of the hyperparameter setting. This model recognizes the input signal patterns and overcomes the problems of existing detection algorithms, such as the prominence algorithm and those of differential methods with high sensitivity for the threshold and signal intensity. To train the model, 10 sets of discharge radiation data from the KSTAR are used and sliced into 11091 inputs of length 12 ms, of which 20% are used for validation. According to the receiver operating characteristic curves, our model shows a positive prediction rate and a true prediction rate of approximately 90% each, which is comparable to the best detection performance afforded by other algorithms using their optimized hyperparameters. The accurate and automatic ELM-burst detection methodology used in our model can be beneficial for determining plasma properties, such as the ELM frequency from big data measured in multiple experiments using machines from the KSTAR device and ITER. Additionally, it is applicable to feature detection in the time-series data of other engineering fields. (c) 2023 Korean Nuclear Society, Published by Elsevier Korea LLC. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

Automated summary

In this study, a neural network model inspired by a one-dimensional convolution U-net is developed for automatic and accurate acceleration of edge localized mode (ELM) detection from big diagnostic data of fusion devices, overcoming the problems of existing detection algorithms. The model achieves a positive and true prediction rate of approximately 90%, comparable to other algorithms with optimized hyperparameters. The ELM-burst detection methodology used in our model can be beneficial for determining plasma properties and is applicable to feature detection in time-series data of other engineering fields.