Journal
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
Volume 26, Issue 3, Pages 440-446Publisher
WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201503777
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Funding
- Baosteel-Australia Joint Research and Development Centre (BAJC) [BA14006]
- Auto CRC [1-117]
- National High-tech R&D Program of China (863 Program) [2015AA034601]
- CSC scholarships from China
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A yolk-shell-structured carbon@void@silicon (CVS) anode material in which a void space is created between the inside silicon nanoparticle and the outer carbon shell is considered as a promising candidate for Li-ion cells. Untill now, all the previous yolk-shell composites were fabricated through a templating method, wherein the SiO2 layer acts as a sacrificial layer and creates a void by a selective etching method using toxic hydrofluoric acid. However, this method is complex and toxic. Here, a green and facile synthesis of granadilla-like outer carbon coating encapsulated silicon/carbon microspheres which are composed of interconnected carbon framework supported CVS nanobeads is reported. The silicon granadillas are prepared via a modified templating method in which calcium carbonate was selected as a sacrificial layer and acetylene as a carbon precursor. Therefore, the void space inside and among these CVS nanobeads can be formed by removing CaCO3 with diluted hydrochloric acid. As prepared, silicon granadillas having 30% silicon content deliver a reversible capacity of around 1100 mAh g(-1) at a current density of 250 mA g(-1) after 200 cycles. Besides, this composite exhibits an excellent rate performance of about 830 and 700 mAh g(-1) at the current densities of 1000 and 2000 mA g(-1), respectively.
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