Journal
NEUROIMMUNOMODULATION
Volume 29, Issue 4, Pages 269-281Publisher
KARGER
DOI: 10.1159/000526653
Keywords
COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; Neuroinflammation; Cognitive dysfunction
Categories
Funding
- National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq)
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Recovered COVID-19 patients may experience neurological, psychiatric, and cognitive problems, although the exact prevalence and outcome of cognitive sequelae are unclear. The mechanisms behind COVID-19-induced cognitive dysfunction may involve neuroinflammation mediated by sustained systemic inflammation, disrupted brain barrier, and glial reactiveness.
Many coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-recovered patients report signs and symptoms and are experiencing neurological, psychiatric, and cognitive problems. However, the exact prevalence and outcome of cognitive sequelae is unclear. Even though the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 has target brain cells through binding to angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor in acute infection, several studies indicate the absence of the virus in the brain of many COVID-19 patients who developed neurological disorders. Thus, the COVID-19 mechanisms for stimulating cognitive dysfunction may include neuroinflammation, which is mediated by a sustained systemic inflammation, a disrupted brain barrier, and severe glial reactiveness, especially within the limbic system. This review explores the interplay of infected lungs and brain in COVID-19 and its impact on the cognitive function.
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