Journal
NATURE PHYSICS
Volume 18, Issue 11, Pages 1287-+Publisher
NATURE PORTFOLIO
DOI: 10.1038/s41567-022-01762-1
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Funding
- USA-US National Science Foundation-Office of Polar Programs
- US National Science Foundation-Physics Division
- US National Science Foundation-EPSCoR
- Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation
- Center for High Throughput Computing (CHTC) at the University of Wisconsin-Madison
- Open Science Grid (OSG)
- Extreme Science and Engineering Discovery Environment (XSEDE)
- Frontera computing project at the Texas Advanced Computing Center
- US Department of Energy-National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center
- Particle Astrophysics Research Computing Center at the University of Maryland
- Institute for Cyber-Enabled Research at Michigan State University
- Astroparticle Physics Computational Facility at Marquette University
- Belgium-Funds for Scientific Research (FRS-FNRS)
- Belgium-Funds for Scientific Research (FWO)
- FWO
- Belgian Federal Science Policy Office (Belspo)
- Germany-Bundesministerium fur Bildung und Forschung (BMBF)
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG)
- Helmholtz Alliance for Astroparticle Physics (HAP)
- Initiative and Networking Fund of the Helmholtz Association
- Deutsches Elektronen Synchrotron (DESY)
- High Performance Computing Cluster of the RWTH Aachen
- Sweden-Swedish Research Council
- Swedish Polar Research Secretariat
- Swedish National Infrastructure for Computing (SNIC)
- Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation
- Australia-Australian Research Council
- Canada-Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada
- Calcul Quebec
- Compute Ontario
- Canada Foundation for Innovation
- WestGrid
- Compute Canada
- Denmark-Villum Fonden
- Carlsberg Foundation
- New Zealand-Marsden Fund
- Japan-Japan Society for Promotion of Science (JSPS)
- Institute for Global Prominent Research (IGPR) of Chiba University
- Korea-National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF)
- Switzerland-Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF)
- United Kingdom-Department of Physics
- University of Oxford
- Royal Society
- Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC)
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This article discusses the flavour conversions that neutrinos undergo during their propagation and the sensitivity of these conversions to new physics. The study was conducted using the IceCube Neutrino Observatory and found no evidence of anomalous flavour conversion. The research provides the most stringent limits on the parameter space of quantum-gravity-motivated physics.
Along their long propagation from production to detection, neutrinos undergo flavour conversions that convert their types or flavours(1,2). High-energy astrophysical neutrinos propagate unperturbed over a billion light years in vacuum(3) and are sensitive to small effects caused by new physics. Effects of quantum gravity4 are expected to appear at the Planck energy scale. Such a high-energy universe would have existed only immediately after the Big Bang and is inaccessible by human technologies. On the other hand, quantum gravity effects may exist in our low-energy vacuum(5-8), but are suppressed by inverse powers of the Planck energy. Measuring the coupling of particles to such small effects is difficult via kinematic observables, but could be observable through flavour conversions. Here we report a search with the IceCube Neutrino Observatory, using astrophysical neutrino flavours(9,10) to search for new space-time structure. We did not find any evidence of anomalous flavour conversion in the IceCube astrophysical neutrino flavour data. We apply the most stringent limits of any known technologies, down to 10(-42) GeV-2 with Bayes factor greater than 10 on the dimension-six operators that parameterize the space-time defects. We thus unambiguously reach the parameter space of quantum-gravity-motivated physics.
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