Journal
NATURE METHODS
Volume 19, Issue 9, Pages 1064-1071Publisher
NATURE PORTFOLIO
DOI: 10.1038/s41592-022-01591-3
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Funding
- National Institutes of Health [F32 HL152483, R01 HL113006, R01 HL141371, R01 HL141851, R01 HL146690, R01 HL150693, R01 HL163680, UH3 EB025765, P41 EB027062, 3R01 HL076485]
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This Perspective discusses the technologies and challenges in cardiac tissue engineering, and proposes strategies to overcome these challenges. Engineered cardiac tissues derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells offer unique opportunities for personalized disease modeling, drug discovery, and cardiac repair. However, there are still major obstacles to be addressed before the field can move towards commercial and clinical translation.
In this Perspective, technologies and challenges in the cardiac tissue engineering field are discussed and strategies to overcome these challenges are proposed. Engineered cardiac tissues derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells offer unique opportunities for patient-specific disease modeling, drug discovery and cardiac repair. Since the first engineered hearts were introduced over two decades ago, human induced pluripotent stem cell-based three-dimensional cardiac organoids and heart-on-a-chip systems have now become mainstays in basic cardiovascular research as valuable platforms for investigating fundamental human pathophysiology and development. However, major obstacles remain to be addressed before the field can truly advance toward commercial and clinical translation. Here we provide a snapshot of the state-of-the-art methods in cardiac tissue engineering, with a focus on in vitro models of the human heart. Looking ahead, we discuss major challenges and opportunities in the field and suggest strategies for enabling broad acceptance of engineered cardiac tissues as models of cardiac pathophysiology and testbeds for the development of therapies.
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