Journal
NATURE MATERIALS
Volume 21, Issue 11, Pages 1246-+Publisher
NATURE PORTFOLIO
DOI: 10.1038/s41563-022-01373-4
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Funding
- Basic Science Center Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China [51788104]
- National Basic Research Program of China [2021YFE0107900, 2021YFA1400300]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [52025024, 51872155]
- Beijing Nature Science Foundation [Z200007]
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Future Chip
- Postdoctoral Innovative Talent Support Program
- US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Science, Early Career Research Program [68278]
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory [DE-AC05-76RL01830]
- Office of Biological and Environmental Research
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This article presents a method for reversibly controlling the insulator-metal transition of VO2 material at the nanoscale using a scanning probe. The approach demonstrates a versatile pathway for developing functional nanoscale devices.
Manipulating the insulator-metal transition in strongly correlated materials has attracted a broad range of research activity due to its promising applications in, for example, memories, electrochromic windows and optical modulators(1,)(2). Electric-field-controlled hydrogenation using ionic liquids(3-6) and solid electrolytes(7-9) is a useful strategy to obtain the insulator-metal transition with corresponding electron filling, but faces technical challenges for miniaturization due to the complicated device architecture. Here we demonstrate reversible electric-field control of nanoscale hydrogenation into VO2 with a tunable insulator-metal transition using a scanning probe. The Pt-coated probe serves as an efficient catalyst to split hydrogen molecules, while the positive-biased voltage accelerates hydrogen ions between the tip and sample surface to facilitate their incorporation, leading to non-volatile transformation from insulating VO2 into conducting HxVO2. Remarkably, a negative-biased voltage triggers dehydrogenation to restore the insulating VO2. This work demonstrates a local and reversible electric-field-controlled insulator-metal transition through hydrogen evolution and presents a versatile pathway to exploit multiple functional devices at the nanoscale.
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