Journal
NATURE
Volume 609, Issue 7928, Pages 822-+Publisher
NATURE PORTFOLIO
DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-05213-y
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Funding
- Damon Runyon Cancer Research Foundation [DRG-2281-17]
- NIH [U01CA217864, F30CA2394761, R01CA221969]
- Samuel Waxman Cancer Research Foundation
- Cancer Research UK [A28592]
- Michael J. Fox Foundation [P0536220]
- Mark Foundation for Cancer Research
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute
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This study presents a strategy to achieve brain-specific treatment of central nervous system diseases by combining brain-permeable and brain-impermeable drugs. The design of cell-permeable FKBP12-dependent kinase inhibitors enables brain-restricted inhibition of specific kinase targets.
On-target-off-tissue drug engagement is an important source of adverse effects that constrains the therapeutic window of drug candidates(1,2). In diseases of the central nervous system, drugs with brain-restricted pharmacology are highly desirable. Here we report a strategy to achieve inhibition of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) while sparing mTOR activity elsewhere through the use of the brain-permeable mTOR inhibitor RapaLink-1 and the brain-impermeable FKBP12 ligand RapaBlock. We show that this drug combination mitigates the systemic effects of mTOR inhibitors but retains the efficacy of RapaLink-1 in glioblastoma xenografts. We further present a general method to design cell-permeable, FKBP12-dependent kinase inhibitors from known drug scaffolds. These inhibitors are sensitive to deactivation by RapaBlock, enabling the brain-restricted inhibition of their respective kinase targets.
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