New arsenate minerals from the Arsenatnaya fumarole, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. XVIII. Khrenovite, Na3Fe3+2(AsO4)3, the member with the highest sodium in the alluaudite supergroup

The new alluaudite-group mineral khrenovite with the ideal, end-member formula Na3Fe23+(AsO4)(3) was found in the Arsenatnaya fumarole, Second scoria cone of the Northern Breakthrough of the Great Tolbachik Fissure Eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. It is associated with aphthitalite-group sulfates, badalovite, calciojohillerite, nickenichite, johillerite, tilasite, svabite, achyrophanite, ozerovaite, pansnerite, arsenatrotitanite, anhydrite, sanidine, hematite, cassiterite, rutile and pseudobrookite. Khrenovite occurs as coarse prismatic crystals up to 0.2 x 0.3 x 0.8 mm and their clusters up to 1 mm across. It is transparent, honey-coloured, red-, orange- or yellow-brown, with vitreous lustre. Khrenovite is brittle, cleavage was not observed. D-calc is 4.257 g cm(-3). Khrenovite is optically biaxial (+), alpha = 1.825(7), beta = 1.834(7), gamma = 1.845(7) and 2V(meas.) = 80(10)degrees. The chemical composition (wt.%, electron-microprobe) is: Na2O 11.47, K2O 1.23, CaO 0.18, MgO 0.01, MnO 4.10, CuO 4.27, ZnO 1.99, Al2O3 0.17, Fe2O3 21.12, SiO2 0.08, P2O5 0.01, V2O5 0.10, As2O5 56.03, SO3 0.02, total 100.78. The empirical formula calculated on the basis of 12 O apfu is (Na2.26K0.16Ca0.02Mn0.35Cu0.33Zn0.15Al0.02Fe1.623+)(sigma 4.91)(As2.98Si0.01V0.01)(sigma 3.00)O-12. Khrenovite is monoclinic, C2/c, a = 12.2394(7), b = 12.7967(5), c = 6.6589(4) angstrom, beta = 112.953(7)degrees, V = 960.37(10) angstrom(3) and Z = 4. The crystal structure was solved from single-crystal X-ray diffraction data with R-1 = 0.0287. Khrenovite is isostructural with other alluaudite-group minerals. Its structural formula simplified to the species-defining constituents is (NaNaNaFe23+)-Na-A-Na-(1)-Na-A-Na-(2)'-Na-M-Na-(1)-Fe-M-Fe-(2)((AsO4)-As-T)(3). The mineral is named in honour of the Russian volcanologist and geologist Anatoly Petrovich Khrenov (1946-2016).

Automated summary

A new alluaudite-group mineral called khrenovite, with the formula Na3Fe23+(AsO4)(3), has been found in the Arsenatnaya fumarole of the Tolbachik volcano in Kamchatka, Russia. It is associated with other minerals such as sulfates, badalovite, calciojohillerite, and hematite. Khrenovite has unique crystal structure and chemical composition, and its discovery has significant implications for the study of the geology and volcanic activity in the region.