Janus fibre/sponge composite combined with IOPNs promotes haemostasis and efficient reconstruction in oral guided bone regeneration

Placing a barrier membrane between an alveolar bone wound and gingival soft tissue is a common and effective method to prevent fibroblast invasion and promote new bone formation. However, the combined use of a barrier membrane with bone-forming substitutes remains a challenge for dentists during surgery. Thus, a Janus fibre/sponge composite combining iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs, y-Fe2O3) was fabricated to prevent epithelial invasion and promote alveolar reconstruction. In the scaffold, a poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid)/polycaprolactone (PP) electrospun layer was covalently bound with a chitosan sponge containing y-Fe2O3 by polydopamine. The resilient chitosan sponge can easily adhere to the wound surface and encompass haemostatic capability by swelling and forming blood clots to block bleed-ing. The introduction of IONPs promoted the osteogenesis of rBMSCs, as shown by ALP analysis and cyto-kine assay. The PP layer maintained its structure integrity and prevented epithelial cells from invading into blood clots or fibroblasts from penetrating through the critical pore size. Assessment with a rat model having one-sided calvarial bone injury further confirmed the effectiveness of Janus scaffolds in facilitating the bone regeneration in the postoperative areas. (C) 2022 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.

Automated summary

Placing a barrier membrane between an alveolar bone wound and gingival soft tissue is a common and effective method in dentistry. However, combining a barrier membrane with bone-forming substitutes is challenging. In this study, a composite material was developed to prevent epithelial invasion and promote alveolar reconstruction. The introduction of iron oxide nanoparticles enhanced osteogenesis and the scaffold showed promise in facilitating bone regeneration in a rat model.