Spatial distribution and ecological risk evaluation of toxic metals in the southern Black Sea coastal sediments

Spatial distribution and ecological risk levels of toxic metals (Cu, Pb, Zn, Ni, Co, As, Sr, V, and La) in sediments from the southern Black Sea coastal (Turkiye) were evaluated. The sediment samples were taken in April and May 2019 from thirty-one stations, from depths ranged between 16 and 65 m. The average metal concentrations (in dry weight) varied from 59.4 +/- 4.8 to 102.5 +/- 12.3 for Cu, 39.3 +/- 4,1 to 46.1 +/- 2.9 for Pb, 104.5 +/- 4.7 to 126 +/- 6.9 for Zn, 21.2 +/- 1.8 to 24.9 +/- 1.4 for Ni, 9.8 +/- 0.4 to 16.6 +/- 1.5 for As, 16.7 +/- 0.5 to 18.2 +/- 0.9 for Co, 68.2 +/- 11.4 to 123.3 +/- 13.5 for Sr, 82.7 +/- 13.1 to 97.3 +/- 4.3 for V, and 16.2 +/- 1.8 to 23.6 +/- 1.8 mu gg(-1) for La. Geoaccumulation index (IGEO), Sediment enrichment factor (SEF), and pollution load index (PLI) indicated that Cu and Pb are above the pollution limits. Thus, continuous pollution monitoring programs should be established. Moreover, measures should be implemented more effectively to prevent pollution.

Automated summary

This study evaluated the spatial distribution and ecological risk levels of toxic metals in sediments from the southern Black Sea coastal in Turkiye. It found that copper and lead pollution exceeded the limits, indicating the need for continuous pollution monitoring programs and more effective pollution prevention measures.