Journal
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
Volume 118, Issue -, Pages 1-8Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2014.10.007
Keywords
Maize stalk residues; Cellulose nanocrystals; Cellulose nanofibres; Cellulose nanopapers; Micropapers
Categories
Funding
- Department of Science and Technology (DST), South Africa under Biocomposite Centre of Competence (BCoC) programme
- Swedish Research Council, (VR) under SIDA [348-2008-6009]
- National Research Foundation (NRF) under SIDA [UID: 68745]
Ask authors/readers for more resources
Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) and cellulose nanofibres (CNFs) were successfully extracted from cellulose obtained from maize stalk residues. A variety of techniques, such as Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) were used for characterization and the experimental results showed that lignin and hemicellulose were removed to a greater extent by following the chemical methods. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) results confirmed that the diameters of CNCs and CNFs were ranging from 3 to 7 nm and 4 to 10 nm, respectively, with their lengths in micro scale. CNCs suspension showed a flow of birefringence, however, the same was not observed in the case of suspension containing CNFs. XRD analysis confirmed that CNCs had high crystallinity index in comparison to cellulose and CNFs. Nanopapers were prepared from CNCs and CNFs by solvent evaporation method. Micropapers were also prepared from cellulose pulp by the same technique. Nanopapers made from CNFs showed less transparency as compared to nanopapers produced from CNCs whereas high transparency as compared to micropaper. Nanopapers produced from CNFs provided superior mechanical properties as compared to both micropaper and nanopapers produced from CNCs. Also, nanopapers produced from CNFs were thermally more stable as compared to nanopapers produced from CNCs but thermally less stable as compared to micropapers. (C) 2014 Published by Elsevier Ltd.
Authors
I am an author on this paper
Click your name to claim this paper and add it to your profile.
Reviews
Recommended
No Data Available