4.6 Article

Obesity and Complication Risk From Radical Cystectomy: Identifying a Body Mass Index Threshold

Journal

JOURNAL OF UROLOGY
Volume 209, Issue 1, Pages 111-120

Publisher

LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
DOI: 10.1097/JU.0000000000002988

Keywords

urinary bladder neoplasms; cystectomy; complications; body mass index; obesity

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This study aims to investigate the association between BMI subcategories and perioperative complications from radical cystectomy and to identify a BMI threshold that can help prevent and mitigate complication risk. The study found that overweight and obese patients have a higher risk of complications compared to normal BMI patients, and the risk significantly increases when the BMI exceeds 34 kg/m(2).
Purpose:There are conflicting reports regarding radical cystectomy complication risk from obesity subcategories, and a BMI threshold below which complication risk is notably reduced is undefined. A BMI threshold may be helpful in prehabilitation to aid patient counseling and inform weight loss strategies to potentially mitigate obesity-associated complication risk. This study aims to identify such a threshold and further investigate the association between BMI subcategories and perioperative complications from radical cystectomy.Materials and Methods:Data were extracted from the Canadian Bladder Cancer Information System, a prospective registry across 14 academic centers. Five hundred and eighty-nine patients were analyzed. Perioperative (<= 90 days) complications were compared between BMI subcategories. Unconditional multivariable logistic regression and cubic spline analysis were performed to determine the association between BMI and complication risk and identify a BMI threshold.Results:Perioperative complications were reported in 51 (30%), 97 (43%), and 85 (43%) normal, overweight, and obese patients (P = .02). BMI was independently associated with developing any complication (OR 1.04 95% CI 1.01, 1.07). Predicted complication risk began to rise consistently above a BMI threshold of 34 kg/m(2). Both overweight (OR 2.00 95% CI 1.26-3.17) and obese (OR 1.98 95% CI 1.24-3.18) patients had increased risk of complications compared to normal BMI patients.Conclusions:Complication risk from radical cystectomy is independently associated with BMI. Both overweight and obese patients are at increased risk compared to normal BMI patients. A BMI threshold of 34 kg/m(2) has been identified, which may inform prehabilitation treatment strategies.

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