In-Vitro Release of the Anticancer Agent Chlorogenic Acid Using β-Cyclodextrin/Folic Acid Functionalized Magnetic CoFe2O4/SWCNT as Magnetic Targeted Delivery Carrier: Central Composite Design Optimization Study

The novelty of this work is the modified single walled carbon nanotube with magnetic CoFe2O4 nanoparticles and p-cyclodextrin/folic acid as magnetic targeted delivery carrier for controlled release of anticancer active agent (chlorogenic acid). Response surface methodology and central composite design were used to optimization of effective factors including pH, contact time, and nanoadsorbent dosage on the adsorption efficiency. The obtained results from central composite design shown that a quadratic model was suitable to fit the experimental data and maximum adsorption efficiency of 87.25% was predicted at pH 05, nanoadsorbent dosage = 0.0125 g, and contact time =30 min. Nanoadsorbent was thoroughly characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectra, field emission scanning electron microscope, thermogeravimetric analysis, X-ray diffractometer, vibrating sample magnetometer, and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller techniques. Moreover, the adsorption isotherm and kinetic results were well described by the Langmuir and pseudo-second-order models, respectively. The adsorption thermodynamic parameters shown that the adsorption of chlorogenic acid on nanoadsorbent was spontaneous and endothermic. The chlorogenic acid shows a sustained release, and the release rate of drug from nanocarrier at pH 7.4 is remarkably higher than that at pH 5.6 due to their different release mechanisms. The release kinetic data were fitted by the Peppas-Sahlin model. Biocompatibility of the single walled carbon nanotube and nanocarrier were shown through cytotoxicity test via MTT assay on HeLa cell lines.

Automated summary

The novelty of this work lies in the modified single walled carbon nanotube with magnetic CoFe2O4 nanoparticles and p-cyclodextrin/folic acid as a targeted delivery carrier for controlled release of anticancer active agent (chlorogenic acid). The effective factors, including pH, contact time, and nanoadsorbent dosage, were optimized using response surface methodology and central composite design. The results showed that a quadratic model was suitable for fitting the experimental data, and a maximum adsorption efficiency of 87.25% was predicted under specific conditions. The nanoadsorbent was thoroughly characterized using various techniques. The adsorption isotherm and kinetic results were well described by the Langmuir and pseudo-second-order models, respectively. The release of chlorogenic acid showed sustained release, and the release rate was influenced by pH. The cytotoxicity test confirmed the biocompatibility of the single walled carbon nanotube and nanocarrier.