Review on g-C3N4-based S-scheme heterojunction photocatalysts

With the rapid development of economy and modern industry, serious environmental pollution and energy shortage have become major urgent challenges to the human society. Photocatalysis is a promising technology to provide green energy. As a typical metal-free polymer photocatalyst, g-C 3 N 4 has attracted more and more attention due to its excellent performance. Unfortunately, the fast recombination of photo-induced charges, limited light response range as well as weak oxidation ability are still the key drawback that restrict the photocatalytic performance of g-C 3 N 4 . These problems can be effectively addressed by constructing g-C 3 N 4 -based heterojunctions with two or more semiconductor materials, during which the respective advantages can be integrated. Up to now, the various oxidation semiconductor photocatalysts have been tried to construct the novel S-scheme heterojunction photocatalysts with g-C 3 N 4 . Thus, this review provides a comprehensive introduction of g-C 3 N 4 -based S-scheme heterojunctions, including the main characteristics of the S-scheme heterojunction, photocatalytic mechanisms, design rules and preparation methods of g-C 3 N 4 -based S-scheme heterojunction photocatalysts. Moreover, this review summarizes recently reported works on the potential applications of g-C 3 N 4 -based S-scheme photocatalysts in various important photocatalytic reactions, including photocatalytic hydrogen production, photocatalytic degradation of contaminants, photo-reduction of CO 2 into fuels, and photocatalytic sterilization. Finally, based on the current research progress, we propose some shortages in the preparation methods and applications of g-C 3 N 4 -based S-scheme heterojunctions, which are to be further investigated and resolved in this promising and creative research field. (c) 2022 Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of The editorial office of Journal of Materials Science & Technology.

Automated summary

With the rapid development of economy and modern industry, serious environmental pollution and energy shortage have become major urgent challenges to the human society. Photocatalysis is a promising technology to provide green energy. However, the limitations of g-C 3 N 4 , such as fast recombination of charges, limited light response range, and weak oxidation ability, restrict its photocatalytic performance. The construction of heterojunctions with g-C 3 N 4 and other semiconductor materials can effectively address these issues and improve the photocatalytic performance.