Journal
JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY
Volume 65, Issue 3, Pages 656-673Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13382
Keywords
cytoplasmic male sterility; metabolic homeostasis; mitochondria; salinity stress adaptability; Zea mays L
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Moderate stimuli in mitochondria can enhance stress adaptability in animals, and this study explores whether mitochondria play similar roles in plants. The results show that the moderate expression of the sterilizing gene ORF355 in CMS-S maize leads to enhanced stress adaptability, with improved growth potential and higher yield in saline fields. This adaptability is associated with the accumulation of reactive oxygen species and activation of the antioxidative defense system, mediated by changes in metabolite concentrations and metabolic homeostasis.
Moderate stimuli in mitochondria improve wide-ranging stress adaptability in animals, but whether mitochondria play similar roles in plants is largely unknown. Here, we report the enhanced stress adaptability of S-type cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS-S) maize and its association with mild expression of sterilizing gene ORF355. A CMS-S maize line exhibited superior growth potential and higher yield than those of the near-isogenic N-type line in saline fields. Moderate expression of ORF355 induced the accumulation of reactive oxygen species and activated the cellular antioxidative defense system. This adaptive response was mediated by elevation of the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide concentration and associated metabolic homeostasis. Metabolome analysis revealed broad metabolic changes in CMS-S lines, even in the absence of salinity stress. Metabolic products associated with amino acid metabolism and galactose metabolism were substantially changed, which underpinned the alteration of the antioxidative defense system in CMS-S plants. The results reveal the ORF355-mediated superior stress adaptability in CMS-S maize and might provide an important route to developing salt-tolerant maize varieties.
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