Journal
JOURNAL OF HEMATOLOGY & ONCOLOGY
Volume 15, Issue 1, Pages -Publisher
BMC
DOI: 10.1186/s13045-022-01347-8
Keywords
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition; Metastasis; Tumor stemness; Circulating tumor cells
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Funding
- National Science Foundation for Excellent Young Scholars [32122052]
- National Natural Science Foundation Regional Innovation and Development [U19A2003]
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This review describes the molecular mechanisms, signaling pathways, and stages of tumorigenesis involved in the EMT process and discusses the role of EMT in tumor metastasis. It provides new insights and strategies for tumor therapy targeting EMT.
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is an essential process in normal embryonic development and tissue regeneration. However, aberrant reactivation of EMT is associated with malignant properties of tumor cells during cancer progression and metastasis, including promoted migration and invasiveness, increased tumor stemness, and enhanced resistance to chemotherapy and immunotherapy. EMT is tightly regulated by a complex network which is orchestrated with several intrinsic and extrinsic factors, including multiple transcription factors, post-translational control, epigenetic modifications, and noncoding RNA-mediated regulation. In this review, we described the molecular mechanisms, signaling pathways, and the stages of tumorigenesis involved in the EMT process and discussed the dynamic non-binary process of EMT and its role in tumor metastasis. Finally, we summarized the challenges of chemotherapy and immunotherapy in EMT and proposed strategies for tumor therapy targeting EMT.
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