Journal
JOURNAL OF EUKARYOTIC MICROBIOLOGY
Volume 70, Issue 2, Pages -Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/jeu.12953
Keywords
molecular phylogeny; morphology; parasites; sporogenesis; syndinean Group I
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This study investigated the morphology, development, and molecular characteristics of intracellular parasites infecting heterotrophic dinoflagellates in coastal waters of Busan, Republic of Korea. Four different Euduboscquella species were found to infect Cucumeridinium coeruleum, Gyrodinium cf. ochraceum, and two unidentified species of Gyrodinium. The genetic distance among Euduboscquella species infecting dinoflagellates was significantly greater than those infecting ciliates, and the placement of the novel parasites in multiple clades indicates the paraphyletic nature of the genus Euduboscquella.
Syndinean dinoflagellates of the genus Euduboscquella infect marine ciliates and dinoflagellates. Euduboscquella species infecting dinoflagellates are understudied relative to congeners infecting ciliates and their molecular phylogeny remains uncertain. Morphology, development, and rRNA gene sequences of intracellular parasites infecting heterotrophic dinoflagellates from coastal waters of Busan, Republic of Korea in summer to fall of 2019-2021 indicate that Cucumeridinium coeruleum, Gyrodinium cf. ochraceum, and two unidentified species of Gyrodinium were each infected by a different Euduboscquella species. Morphological features including shield structure, shape and color of the mature trophont, and sporogenic process distinguished each of the four parasites from the 10 previously described species of Euduboscquella. Our molecular and phylogenetic analyses showed considerably greater genetic distance of SSU and ITS-LSU rRNA gene regions among Euduboscquella species infecting dinoflagellates than among those infecting ciliates. Rather than clustering as a group with Euduboscquella species infecting ciliates, SSU rRNA sequences of the four novel parasites spread out across the syndinean Group I phylogeny, occurring in two different clades and a new lineage. Placement of our novel parasites in multiple clades that encompass Ichythyodinium chabelardi strongly indicates that the genus Euduboscquella is paraphyletic.
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