The degradation of dissolved organic matter in black and odorous water by humic substance-mediated Fe(II)/Fe(III) cycle under redox fluctuation

In nature, the hydroxyl radical (center dot OH) is produced during the anaerobic-aerobic transition when groundwater level fluctuates. In addition, the center dot OH is also detected in iron-bearing clay minerals and iron oxides during the redox process. Goethite is one of the most stable iron oxides involved in biogeochemical cycles. In this study, the coexisting humic acid (HA) enhanced the generation of Fe(II) during the iron reduction process and accelerated the generation of center dot OH in the redox process of goethite. The organic contaminants in black and odorous water were decomposed by constructing an iron-reducing bacteria-HA-Fe(II)/Fe(III) reaction system under anaerobic -aerobic alternation. The results demonstrated that in the anaerobic stage, HA could promote the reduction and dissolution of goethite through the complexation effect and electron shuttle mechanism, as well as significantly strengthening the iron reduction process in water. Under aerobic conditions, Fe(II) in the reaction system would activate O2 to generate center dot O2 . The center dot OH, formed by Fe (II) and center dot O2  via Fenton reaction and Haber-Weiss mech-anism, oxidized dissolved organic matter (DOM) in water. The characterization of DOM by three-dimensional fluorescence spectroscopy (3DEEM) indicated that after four redox fluctuations, the organic contaminants in water samples were effectively degraded. Generally, this study provides new approaches and insights into the biogeochemical cycling of Fe and C elements and water pollution remediation at the anoxic-anoxic interface.

Automated summary

This study found that the coexisting humic acid can enhance the reduction of iron and dissolution of goethite, as well as accelerate the generation of hydroxyl radicals in the redox process. By constructing an iron-reducing bacteria-HA-Fe(II)/Fe(III) reaction system, organic contaminants in black and odorous water can be effectively decomposed.