Journal
JOURNAL OF CONTROLLED RELEASE
Volume 349, Issue -, Pages 929-939Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.07.042
Keywords
Camptothecin; Camptothesome; Clathrin-mediated endocytosis; Immunogenic cell death; Metastatic colorectal cancer; Immune checkpoint blockade
Funding
- R. Ken Coit College of Pharmacy at The University of Arizona (UArizona)
- PhRMA Foundation for Research Starter Grant in Drug Delivery
- National Institute of General Medical Sciences of the National Institutes of Health [R35GM147002]
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Camptothesome is an innovative nanovesicle therapeutic that has shown promising results in the treatment of colorectal cancer. It is taken up by cancer cells through a specific pathway and induces immunogenic cancer cell death. The use of Camptothesome-treated tumor cells as a vaccine has proven effective in preventing tumor growth. Furthermore, Camptothesome demonstrates superior anti-cancer efficacy and immune response compared to other treatments. It also enhances the effectiveness of immune checkpoint inhibitors in shrinking late-stage CRC tumors and prolonging survival.
Camptothesome is an innovative nanovesicle therapeutic comprising the sphingomyelin-derived camptothecin (CPT) lipid bilayer. In this work, we deciphered that Camptothesome was taken up by colorectal cancer (CRC) cells through primarily the clathrin-mediated endocytotic pathway and displayed the potential of eliciting robust immunogenic cancer cell death (ICD) via upregulating calreticulin, high mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB-1), and adenosine triphosphate (ATP), three hallmarks involved in the induction of ICD. In addition, use of dying MC38 tumor cells treated with Camptothesome as vaccine prevented tumor growth in 60% mice that received subsequent injection of live MC38 cells on the contralateral flank, validating Camptothesome was a legitimate ICD inducer in vivo. Camptothesome markedly reduced the acute bone marrow toxicity and gastrointestinal mucositis associated with free CPT and beat free CPT and Onivyde on anti-CRC efficacy and immune responses in a partially interferon gamma (IFN-gamma)-dependent manner. Furthermore, Camptothesome enhanced the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors to shrink late-stage orthotopic MC38 CRC tumors with diminished tumor metastasis and markedly prolonged mice survival.
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