Vaccine for Diabetes-Where Do We Stand?

Diabetes is an endocrinological disorder with a rapidly increasing number of patients globally. Over the last few years, the alarming status of diabetes has become a pivotal factor pertaining to morbidity and mortality among the youth as well as middle-aged people. Current developments in our understanding related to autoimmune responses leading to diabetes have developed a cause for concern in the prospective usage of immunomodulatory agents to prevent diabetes. The mechanism of action of vaccines varies greatly, such as removing autoreactive T cells and inhibiting the interactions between immune cells. Currently, most developed diabetes vaccines have been tested in animal models, while only a few human trials have been completed with positive outcomes. In this review, we investigate the undergoing clinical trial studies for the development of a prototype diabetes vaccine.

Automated summary

Diabetes, a globally prevalent endocrinological disorder, has become a significant contributor to morbidity and mortality among young and middle-aged individuals. Recent advancements in understanding the autoimmune responses causing diabetes have raised concerns regarding the potential use of immunomodulatory agents for prevention. The mechanism of action of vaccines, including the removal of autoreactive T cells and inhibition of immune cell interactions, varies greatly. While diabetes vaccines have been tested in animal models, only a few human trials have shown positive outcomes. This review explores ongoing clinical trial studies for the development of a prototype diabetes vaccine.