Journal
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
Volume 23, Issue 17, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/ijms23179688
Keywords
Conrad-Limpach reaction; 4-hydroxyquinoline; modified Mannich reaction; Knoevenagel condensation; cytotoxic effect; selective toxicity towards MDR cancer
Funding
- Hungarian Research Foundation (OTKA) [K-138871]
- Ministry of Human Capacities, Hungary [TKP-2021-EGA-32]
- Gedeon Richter Plc. Centenarial Foundation
- New National Excellence Program of the Ministry for Innovation and Technology from National Research, Development and Innovation Fund [UNKP-21-3 SZTE-103]
- Janos Bolyai Research Scholarship of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences [BO/00158/22/5]
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The synthesis of alkyl 2-(4-hydroxyquinolin-2-yl) acetates and 1-phenyl-4-(phenylamino)pyridine-2,6(1H,3H)-dione was optimized, and their cytotoxic activity against resistant cancer cells was studied.
The synthesis of alkyl 2-(4-hydroxyquinolin-2-yl) acetates and 1-phenyl-4-(phenylamino)pyridine-2,6(1H,3H)-dione was optimised. Starting from 4-hydroxyquinolines (4HQs), aminomethylation was carried out via the modified Mannich reaction (mMr) applying formaldehyde and piperidine, but a second paraformaldehyde molecule was incorporated into the Mannich product. The reaction also afforded the formation of bisquinoline derivatives. A new 1H-azeto [1,2-a]quinoline derivative was synthesised in two different ways; namely starting from the aminomethylated product or from the ester-hydrolysed 4HQ. When the aldehyde component was replaced with aromatic aldehydes, Knoevenagel condensation took place affording the formation of the corresponding benzylidene derivatives, with the concomitant generation of bisquinolines. The reactivity of salicylaldehyde and hydroxynaphthaldehydes was tested; under these conditions, partially saturated lactones were formed through spontaneous ring closure. The activity of the derivatives was assessed using doxorubicin-sensitive and -resistant colon adenocarcinoma cell lines and normal human fibroblasts. Some derivatives possessed selective toxicity towards resistant cancer cells compared to doxorubicin-sensitive cancer cells and normal fibroblasts. Cytotoxic activity of the benzylidene derivatives and the corresponding Hammett-Brown substituent were correlated.
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