Intestinal microbiota metabolizing Houttuynia cordata polysaccharides in H1N1 induced pneumonia mice contributed to Th17/Treg rebalance in gut-lung axis

Review Cell Biology

Role of gut microbiota in identification of novel TCM-derived active metabolites

Tzu-Lung Lin et al.

Summary: TCM herbs are transformed into active metabolites by gut microbiota, significantly affecting their therapeutic activity and forming the basis for future TCM research through microbiota analyses and modern multiomics platforms.

PROTEIN & CELL (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Applied

Discrete genetic loci in human gutBacteroides thetaiotaomicron confer pectin metabolism

Meixia Li et al.

Summary: Our study characterized proteins involved in pectin degradation by Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron, identifying specific PULs and enzymes responsible for capturing, importing, de-branching, and degrading pectin into monosaccharides. This contributes to understanding the role of Bacteroides spp. in metabolizing the pectic network and supporting the growth of other Bacteroides spp. and probiotics.

CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Applied

Suppression of obesity and inflammation by polysaccharide from sporoderm-broken spore of Ganoderma lucidum via gut microbiota regulation

Tingting Sang et al.

Summary: The study found that polysaccharide extracted from the sporoderm-broken spores of Ganoderma lucidum (BSGLP) could inhibit obesity and hyperlipidemia by modulating inflammation, gut microbiota, and gut barrier function. This polysaccharide showed potential as a prebiotic agent against obesity and hyperlipidemia.

CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS (2021)

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Article Immunology

Effect of gut microbiota on LPS-induced acute lung injury by regulating the TLR4/NF-kB signaling pathway

Jia Tang et al.

Summary: The study explores the regulatory mechanism of gut flora in the host defense against LPS-induced ALI through the TLR4/NF-kB pathway. It is found that gut microbiota imbalance may regulate the TLR4/NF-kB signaling pathway in the lung immune system, activating oxidative stress in the lung and mediating lung injury through the regulation of the gut barrier. Additionally, fecal microbiota transplantation impairs the activity of the TLR4/NF-kB signaling pathway in the lung and decreases oxidative stress in animals with ALI by restoring the gut microecology.

INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Applied

In vitro digestion and fecal fermentation behaviors of a pectic polysaccharide from okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) and its impacts on human gut microbiota

Ding-Tao Wu et al.

Summary: The study found that pectic polysaccharide from okra was partially degraded during in vitro digestion, and significantly degraded and utilized by human gut microbiota during in vitro fecal fermentation. Additionally, OPP-D could alter the composition and abundance of human gut microbiota and promote the production of short-chain fatty acids.

FOOD HYDROCOLLOIDS (2021)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Crataegus pinnatifida polysaccharide alleviates colitis via modulation of gut microbiota and SCFAs metabolism

Ciliang Guo et al.

Summary: This study found that the polysaccharide HAW1-2 from hawthorn can alleviate colitis in mice by regulating inflammatory cytokines and inhibiting related molecular pathways. Additionally, HAW1-2 can modify the composition of gut microbiota, promoting the proliferation of beneficial bacteria and generating beneficial short-chain fatty acids to inhibit colitis.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Acetate differentially regulates IgA reactivity to commensal bacteria

Tadashi Takeuchi et al.

Summary: This study found that the gut microbial metabolite acetate not only increases IgA production in the colon, but also alters the ability of IgA to bind to specific microorganisms. Acetate orchestrates interactions between epithelial and immune cells, induces microbially stimulated CD4 T cells to support T-cell-dependent IgA production, and changes the localization of these bacteria within the colon.

NATURE (2021)

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Article Pharmacology & Pharmacy