Journal
JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY
Volume 198, Issue 2, Pages 950-961Publisher
AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS
DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1601455
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Funding
- Veterans Administration Grant [1I01BX003395]
- National Cancer Institute Grant [1R01CA193885]
- University of Alabama at Birmingham Comprehensive Cancer Center Grant [P30CA013148]
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In animal models, IL-12 and IL-23 participate in the development of malignant neoplasms of keratinocytes. However, the role of these cytokines in pigmented lesion development and their progression to melanoma has received little attention. IL-12p35, IL-23p19, and IL-12/IL-23p40 knockout mice on a C3H/HeN background, subjected to a melanomagenesis protocol, demonstrated profound differences in susceptibility to nevus initiation, transformation, tumorigenicity, and metastatic potential. IL-23 was found to be essential for melanocyte homeostasis, whereas IL-12 supported nevus development. A direct action of IL-23 on primary melanocytes, shown to be IL-23R(+), demonstrated that DNA repair of damaged melanocytes requires IL-23. Furthermore, IL-23 modulated the cutaneous microenvironment by limiting regulatory T cells and IFN-gamma and inhibiting IL-10 production. Neutralizing Ab to IFN-gamma, but not IL-17, inhibited nevus development (p < 0.01).
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