Investigation of the immune escape mechanism of Treponema pallidum

Background Syphilis is a chronic sexually transmitted disease caused by Treponema pallidum subspecies pallidum (T. pallidum), which is a public health problem that seriously affects human health worldwide. T. pallidum is characterized by early transmission and immune escape and is therefore termed an invisible pathogen. Methods This review systematically summarizes the host's innate and adaptive immune responses to T. pallidum infection as well as the escape mechanisms of T. pallidum. Purpose To lay the foundation for assessing the pathogenic mechanism and the systematic prevention and treatment of syphilis. Conclusion The immune escape mechanism of T. pallidum plays an important role in its survival. Exploring the occurrence and development of these mechanisms has laid the foundation for the development of syphilis vaccine.

Automated summary

This review systematically summarizes the host's immune responses to T. pallidum infection and the escape mechanisms of T. pallidum, providing a foundation for studying the pathogenic mechanism and prevention and treatment of syphilis.