4.7 Article

Probabilistic Shaping-Based Spatial Modulation for Spectral-Efficient VLC

Journal

IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS
Volume 21, Issue 10, Pages 8259-8275

Publisher

IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
DOI: 10.1109/TWC.2022.3164991

Keywords

VLC; spatial modulation; probabilistic shaping

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In this paper, a novel adaptive coded spatial modulation scheme with probabilistic shaping is proposed for visible light communication. The scheme utilizes probabilistic shaping of spatial and constellation symbols based on the user's location and optical signal-to-noise ratio, and optimizes the channel coding rate to maximize the achievable rate.
Visible light communication (VLC) is a promising technology for 6th-generation (6G) networks because of its attractive feature such as a wide unlicensed spectrum. In this paper, a novel adaptive coded spatial modulation scheme with probabilistic shaping (PS) is proposed to approach the capacity of the spatial modulation (SM) in visible light communication (VLC) channels with intensity modulation and direct detection (IM/DD). In the proposed scheme, spatial and constellation symbols are probabilistically shaped depending on the user's location inside the room and the optical signal-to-noise ratio (OSNR). Moreover, we optimize the channel coding rate to maximize further the achievable rate of the proposed scheme for a given OSNR. Finally, we propose an algorithm to compute the capacity-achieving distribution of the proposed scheme with unipolar M-ary pulse amplitude modulation (PAM) signaling. The proposed scheme outperforms uniform and an orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) based scheme in terms of spectral efficiency (SE) and/or frame error rate (FER). For example, for 8-PAM signaling with N = 8 transmit antennas, the proposed scheme operates within 0.2 dB from the unipolar M-PAM SM VLC channel signaling capacity and outperforms the uniform and OFDM based schemes in terms of FER by at least 1.1 dB and 1.3 dB at a normalized data rate of 1.33 bits per channel use per sub-carrier (b/cu/sc), respectively.

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