Journal
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION
Volume 70, Issue 9, Pages 7914-7922Publisher
IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
DOI: 10.1109/TAP.2022.3168688
Keywords
Antenna radiation patterns; Dipole antennas; Mathematical models; Magnetic moments; Internet of Things; Three-dimensional displays; Antenna measurements; Circularly polarized antenna; orientation-insensitive antenna; quasi-isotropic radiation pattern
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Orientation-insensitive wireless devices are essential for stable and reliable communication in IoT applications. This research demonstrates that sloped dipoles on a 3-D structure can achieve maximum circular polarization coverage.
The Internet-of-Things (IoT) applications require orientation-insensitive wireless devices to maintain stable and reliable communication. For those reasons, antennas providing a wide quasi-isotropic and circular polarization (CP) coverage are very attractive. However, achieving wide quasi-isotropic and CP coverage simultaneously is challenging. In this work, we show that properly designed sloped dipoles on a 3-D structure can maximize the CP coverage (theoretically up to 100%) even with equal-phased feed to the dipole elements. We derive the conditions and present the design graphs for the optimum slope angle for the dipole elements on a 3-D hexagonal-shaped package to achieve a wide quasi-isotropic and CP coverage simultaneously. Based on the proposed theory, a practical antenna has been designed and fabricated using additive manufacturing. The measured results demonstrate a 7 dB isotropy of 92% and a CP coverage of 85%, which matches well with the predicted results from the theoretical analysis and full-wave simulations.
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