Journal
HARMFUL ALGAE
Volume 118, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.hal.2022.102313
Keywords
Ocean warming; Ocean acidification; Climate change; Harmful algae; Dinoflagellate; Alexandrium minutum; Acclimation; Macromolecular transition
Categories
Funding
- National Key Research and Development Project of China [2019YFC1407805]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [41876134]
- Changjiang Scholar Program of the Chinese Ministry of Education [T2014253]
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeoology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences [GKZ22Y656, GKZ21Y645]
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This study examines the physiological adjustments and resource allocation changes in the dinoflagellate Alexandrium minutum under future ocean conditions of warming and acidification. The findings suggest that the species increases its carbon and phosphate quotas during acclimation, with the changes largely influenced by phosphate-based molecules.
Ocean warming and acidification are expected to have profound impacts on the marine ecosystem, although the dinoflagellate Alexandrium minutum is reported to be acclimated to such conditions. However, it is unknown on the transition time scale how this species physiologically adjusts their element accumulation and associated resource allocation for this process. We designed a set of experiments to examine how different culture generations (1st, 5th, and 10th) change their cell physiology, cellular quotas and macromolecular cellular contents related to functional processes in A. minutum grown with future (pCO(2), 1000 ppm; 25 degrees C) and present (pCO(2), 400 ppm; 25 degrees C) ocean conditions. The differing cell sizes and storage capacity at different generations confirmed that compared to ancestors (1st generation), acclimation cells (10th generation) gained increases in quota carbon (QC; 55%; [p < 0.05]) and quota phosphate (QP; 23% [ p < 0.05]). This variation in C:P and N:P influences was transition-specific and largely determined by phosphate-based molecules. It was observed that A. minutum was initially dependent on P molecules, which help cells act as alternative lipids for quick acclimation until N molecules resume carbon-based lipids for their long-term acclimation. Our study demonstrated that rising temperature and pCO(2) concentrations in ocean may increase A. minutum based on the comprehensive analysis of different physiological modifications, including its growth, element accumulation, transformation, and functional allocation.
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