Life in the woods: Taphonomic evolution of a diverse saproxylic community within fossil woods from Upper Cretaceous submarine mass flow deposits (Mzamba Formation, southeast Africa)

Organisms that colonize wood are subject to a taphonomic tragedy-the richer and more diverse they become, the greater the deterioration of the host wood and the less likely such communities are to be fossilized. Moreover, palaeobotanical studies of fossil wood usually focus on the plant tissue, neglecting the evidence of parasitic, saproxylic, and other contained organisms. Such a case involved a relatively well-known fossil wood assemblage from the Santonian (Late Cretaceous, ca 84 Ma) of southeast Africa. In a set of 150 thin sections of silicified wood stored in the Senckenburg Museum for more than half a century, we discovered evidence of a diverse biotic community comprising bacteria, fungi, nema-todes, several types of arthropods, and marine bivalves. These body fossils and traces, together with growth-ring features, fossil log size and shape, and the distribution of glauconite, facilitated interpreta-tion of the multi-stage evolution of a wood-hosted biocoenosis of unprecedented diversity. This record is unique for the Mesozoic and is of importance for understanding the taphonomic pathways to preserva-tion and the evolution and diversification of saproxylic and other wood-hosted communities in terrestrial and marine settings.(c) 2022 International Association for Gondwana Research. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Automated summary

This article discusses the fossil evidence of biotic communities parasitic on wood and emphasizes the impact of the diversity of parasites on the deterioration of host wood and the likelihood of fossilization. The study discovered a fossil wood assemblage from the Santonian period in southeast Africa, which contains a diverse biotic community. The research interprets the evolution of the wood-hosted biocoenosis based on the fossils, traces, and other features.