4.7 Article

Depolymerized non-digestible sulfated algal polysaccharides produced by hydrothermal treatment with enhanced bacterial fermentation characteristics

Journal

FOOD HYDROCOLLOIDS
Volume 130, Issue -, Pages -

Publisher

ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2022.107687

Keywords

Gracilaria chouae; Sulfated polysaccharides; Hydrothermal depolymerization; SCFAs; Bacterial fermentation

Funding

  1. Guangzhou Science and Technology Program [201907010035]
  2. National Natural Science Foundation of China [31972011, 32111530290]
  3. Excellent Youth Foundation of Guangdong Scientific Committee [2021B1515020037]
  4. Program of the Department of Natural Resources of Guangdong Province [[2021] 53, [2021] 49]
  5. Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province [2019A1515011670]
  6. 111 project [B17018]
  7. Theme-Based Research Scheme [T21-604/19-R]
  8. Research Grants Council (RGC) of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China

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Hydrothermal treatment can be used to depolymerize sulfated polysaccharide extracted from Gracilaria chouae to produce low molecular weight polysaccharides. These depolymerized polysaccharides have lower apparent viscosity and modulus, and can promote the growth of beneficial bacteria in the gut while inhibiting the growth of harmful bacteria.
Hydrothermal treatment was used to depolymerize sulfated polysaccharide extracted from Gracilaria chouae (GCP1) with an average molecular weight (Mw) of 1.79 x 10(3) kDa to produce three fractions GCP2, GCP3, and GCP4 with a Mw of 20.84, 8.25, and < 5 kDa, respectively. While the chemical composition and monosaccharide profile of the three depolymerized GCPs were not significantly affected by the hydrothermal treatment. However, they exhibited lower apparent viscosity, storage modulus, and loss modulus. All four GCPs were shown to be nondigestible during simulated gastrointestinal digestion. During a 24-h in vitro fermentation using human fecal bacteria as inoculum, GCPs with lower Mw produced more short chain fatty acids (SCFAs), and lower branched chain fatty acids. Having the lowest Mw, GCP4 exhibited the best fermentation characteristics by inhibiting the growth of protein-fermentative bacteria including Bacteroides, Parabacteroides, Lachnoclostridium, and Phascolarctobacterium which have harmful effect and increased the relative abundance of butyrate-producing bacteria including Anaerostipes, Eubacterium, Roseburia, Ruminococcus and Lachnospira which are beneficial to gut health. The present study suggested that hydrothermal treatment could be used to prepare low Mw non-digestible polysaccharides that enhance the growth of beneficial bacteria for human gut health.

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