CMV-related anterior and intermediate uveitis in a kidney transplant recipient treated with belatacept

Introduction: Belatacept is associated with a higher incidence of cytomegalovirus (CMV) disease and atypical presentations. Ocular manifestations are rare, representing up to 5% of disease manifestations and previous cases consisted in isolated retinitis. Case Description: Herein, we report the case of an 81-year-old kidney transplant recipient who developed an anterior and intermediate uveitis under belatacept therapy. The diagnosis was established using quantitative CMV polymerase chain reaction assays in the aqueous humor. Belatacept was interrupted and oral and topical valganciclovir treatments were instituted. Lesions however extended, leading to intensify the treatment by intra-venous and intra-vitreal ganciclovir injections. Visual acuity stabilized and ocular inflammation was finally controlled after 3 months. Conclusion: Clinicians should be aware of CMV infection as a cause of anterior uveitis under belatacept-based regimen, even in the absence of symptoms suggestive of systemic CMV replication.

Automated summary

This case report describes a kidney transplant recipient who developed anterior and intermediate uveitis with CMV infection under belatacept therapy. CMV infection was confirmed using polymerase chain reaction assays. Belatacept therapy was interrupted and medication treatments were initiated, leading to successful control of inflammation.