Journal
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGY
Volume 187, Issue 6, Pages 847-858Publisher
OXFORD UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1530/EJE-22-0385
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Categories
Funding
- University of Oulu [75617, 65354]
- Oulu University Hospital [2/97, 8/97]
- Ministry of Health and Social Affairs [23/251/97, 160/97, 190/97]
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki [54121]
- Regional Institute of Occupational Health, Oulu, Finland [50621, 54231]
- Finnish Medical Foundation
- North Ostrobothnia Regional Fund
- Academy of Finland [315921, 104781, 120315, 129269, 1114194, 24300796, 321763, 268336]
- Center of Excellence in Complex Disease Genetics
- Sigrid Juselius Foundation
- SALVE
- Biocenter Oulu
- University Hospital Oulu
- Jalmari ja Rauha Ahokkaan saatio
- Medical Research Center Oulu
- National Institute for Health Research (UK)
- European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program [633595, 733206]
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There is an association between birth weight and BMI during childhood and adolescence with reproductive capacity in men. Having an optimal growth trajectory during pregnancy and early childhood is crucial for lifelong fertility.
ObjectiveThis study aimed to evaluate the association between birth weight (BW), childhood and adolescent BMI, with reproductive capacity in men. DesignA prospective, population-based cohort study (Northern Finland birth cohort 1966). MethodsAround 6196 men born in 1966 were followed from birth to age 50 years. Weight and height were measured repeatedly by professionals. Reproductive capacity (infertility assessment, male factor infertility and infertility treatment by age 46 years) was evaluated by questionnaires at ages 31 and 46 years. The number of children by the age of 50 years was recovered from registers. After excluding the men who reported never having attempted to have children or not answering the question at age 31 or 46 years (n = 2041), 4128 men were included in the final study population. Results were adjusted for BW, BW for gestational age (GA), mother's smoking status, marital status, educational level and smoking status. ResultsBeing small for GA (10.5% vs 8.2%, P = 0.012) or having a lower BW (3495 g vs 3548 g, P = 0.003) were associated with childlessness. The association was however no longer significant after adjusting for marital status. Being underweight in early childhood was associated with an increased risk of infertility assessment (adjusted, aOR: 2.04(1.07-3.81)) and childlessness (aOR: 1.47(1.01-2.17)) compared to the normal weight group. Conversely, overweight or obesity in early childhood was associated with a decreased risk of infertility assessment (aOR: 0.60 (0.41-0.87)), treatment (aOR: 0.42 (0.25-0.70)) and male factor infertility (aOR: 0.45 (0.21-0.97)). BMI in mid-childhood or puberty had no association with infertility or childlessness. ConclusionIn boys, an optimal growth trajectory during pregnancy and early childhood seems to be very important for life-long fertility.
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