Journal
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
Volume 56, Issue 22, Pages 16369-16381Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c04781
Keywords
built environment stocks; spatial planning; circular economy; urban sustainability; material flow analysis
Categories
Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [71991484]
- Independent Research Fund Denmark
- Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council of the United Kingdom (EPSRC) [EP/S029273/1]
- Chalmers University of Technology
- Danish Government Scholarships under the Cultural Agreements Programme
- China Scholarship Council [201906140003]
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The spatiotemporal dynamics of urban built environment stocks are crucial for the circular and low-carbon transition of cities. However, the characterization of these stocks has been limited. This study combines geospatial data and historical maps to quantify the spatially and temporally refined stocks of buildings and infrastructure in Odense, Denmark, from 1810 to 2018. The results show that the built environment stock in Odense has significantly increased over the past two centuries, reflecting the urban development, industrialization, infrastructure development, socioeconomic characteristics, and policy interventions in the city.
The urban built environment stocks such as buildings and infrastructure provide essential services to urban residents, and their spatiotemporal dynamics are key to the circular and low-carbon transition of cities. However, spatiotemporally explicit characterization of urban built environment stocks remains hitherto limited, and previous studies on fine-grained mapping of built environment stocks often focus on an urban area without consideration of temporal dynamics. Here, we combined the emerging geospatial data and historical maps to quantify the spatially and temporally refined stocks of buildings and infrastructure and developed a novel indexing method to track the construction, demolition, and renovation for each building across various historical snapshots, with a case study of Odense, Denmark, from 1810 to 2018. We show that built environment stock in Odense increased from 80 t/cap in 1810 to 279 t/cap in 2018. Their dynamics appear overall in line with urban development of Odense over the past two centuries and well reflect the combined effects of industrialization, infrastructure development, socioeconomic characteristics, and policy interventions. Such spatiotemporally explicit stock mapping offers a physical and resource perspective for measuring urbanization and provides the public and government insight into urban spatial planning and related resource, waste, and climate strategies.
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