Journal
ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY
Volume 243, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.114007
Keywords
Developmental malformation; Neuroactive ligand-receptor; Neuronal development; Locomotor activity; Dichlorobenzoquinone
Categories
Funding
- National Key R & D Program of China [2018YFC1004300, 2018YFC1004304]
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The disinfection by-product 2, 5-dichloro-1, 4-benuinone (2, 5-DCBQ) exhibits neurodevelopmental toxicity in zebrafish embryos. Exposure to 2, 5-DCBQ resulted in developmental defects and abnormal locomotor activity in zebrafish larvae, with downregulation of genes associated with neuronal development and disruption of neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction and apoptosis pathways.
2, 5-dichloro-1, 4-benuinone (2, 5-DCBQ) is an emerging disinfection by-product belonging to the class of hal-obenzoquinones (HBQs). However, there is limited evidence regarding the neurotoxic effects of 2, 5-DCBQ. To better understand the toxicological mechanisms of aquatic organisms, zebrafish embryos were exposed to 0.2 mg/L, 0.4 mg/L, and 0.6 mg/L of 2, 5-DCBQ from 4 h post-fertilization (hpf) to 120 hpf. Developmental defects, such as reduced body length, decreased heart rate, decreased pigmentation, and abnormal motor axon structure was observed. In particular, the locomotor activity of zebrafish larvae reduced with exposure to increasing 2, 5-DCBQ concentrations, and this effect was more pronounced under dark stimulation. The results indicated that the genes associated with neuronal development (gfap, mbp, syn2a, elavl3, ache, and a1-tubulin) were significantly downregulated after treatment with 2, 5-DCBQ. Furthermore, the KEGG result showed the neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction and apoptosis pathways were visibly disrupted, and we found acetylcholinesterase activ-ity was also affected. In summary, the disinfection by-product, 2, 5-DCBQ, exhibits neurodevelopmental toxicity in zebrafish embryos, providing novel evidence for comprehensive analyses of its toxicity.
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