4.7 Review

Calcium and activity-dependent signaling in the developing cerebral cortex

Journal

DEVELOPMENT
Volume 149, Issue 17, Pages -

Publisher

COMPANY BIOLOGISTS LTD
DOI: 10.1242/dev.198853

Keywords

Calcium signaling; Cortical development; Neurodevelopmental disorders

Funding

  1. Sandler Foundation (University of California, San Francisco Sandler Faculty Fellows Program)
  2. National Institutes of Health [NIH R01 MH125004, R01 MH125004, R56/R01 MH127075]
  3. Sandler Foundation

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The precise regulation of intracellular calcium plays a crucial role in neurodevelopment and neurological disorders. Understanding cell type-specific calcium signaling mechanisms is essential for deciphering normal development and disease progression in the nervous system.
Calcium influx can be stimulated by various intra-and extracellular signals to set coordinated gene expression programs into motion. As such, the precise regulation of intracellular calcium represents a nexus between environmental cues and intrinsic genetic programs. Mounting genetic evidence points to a role for the deregulation of intracellular calcium signaling in neuropsychiatric disorders of developmental origin. These findings have prompted renewed enthusiasm for understanding the roles of calcium during normal and dysfunctional prenatal development. In this Review, we describe the fundamental mechanisms through which calcium is spatiotemporally regulated and directs early neurodevelopmental events. We also discuss unanswered questions about intracellular calcium regulation during the emergence of neurodevelopmental disease, and provide evidence that disruption of cell-specific calcium homeostasis and/or redeployment of developmental calcium signaling mechanisms may contribute to adult neurological disorders. We propose that understanding the normal developmental events that build the nervous system will rely on gaining insights into cell type-specific calcium signaling mechanisms. Such an understanding will enable therapeutic strategies targeting calcium -dependent mechanisms to mitigate disease.

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