A Review on Aptamers Selection and Application in Heart Diseases Diagnosis

Biomarkers detection and quantification in biological fluids play a key role in the screening, diagnosing and treating several diseases. Recently, a large number of aptamers have been selected and applied for the sensing of different biomarkers. Combined with different transducers, aptamers provide simple and rapid tools that allow highly sensitive and selective detection. Cardiology requires an accurate assessment of cardiac biomarkers for a complete diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases. The analysis is generally performed by immunoassays using antibodies as biorecognition elements. This review paper focuses on using aptamers as a promising alternative for antibodies in cardiac biomarkers biosensing. First, the different aptamers specific to the most important cardiac biomarkers are Troponin I, the peptide of B-type natriuretic peptide and myoglobin. Then, in the second part, we overview the electrochemical aptasensors principle and characteristics reported in the literature in the last five years.

Automated summary

Detection and quantification of biomarkers in biological fluids are crucial for screening, diagnosing, and treating diseases. Aptamers have recently emerged as an alternative to antibodies for sensing various biomarkers. With different transducers, aptamers offer simple and rapid tools for highly sensitive and selective detection. This review focuses on the use of aptamers in biosensing cardiac biomarkers, specifically Troponin I, B-type natriuretic peptide, and myoglobin. The principles and characteristics of electrochemical aptasensors reported in the literature over the past five years are also discussed.