Biosynthesized Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles CeO2NPs: Recent Progress and Medical Applications

Currently, nanobiotechnology represents a leading research area that primarily focuses on the safe, eco-friendly synthesis of biocompatible metal oxide nanoparticles. Among these, biosynthesized cerium oxide nanoparticles have particularly received attention in medical science as their unique surface chemistry and dual oxidation state make them excellent antioxidants and free-radical scavengers. Currently, plant extracts are widely explored and employed for the biosynthesis of CeO(2)NPs. Other biological sources such as marine oyster shell extract, egg-white, biopolymers, e.g., chitosan, agarose, alginate, and others, have also been successfully used for the fabrication of CeO(2)NPs. This review highlights the recent progress in the biosynthesis of CeO(2)NPs and the investigation of their medical use as biocompatible anticancer, antibacterial, antifungal, antioxidant, antidiabetic, and wound healing agents. Furthermore, prospects associated with the use of biogenic CeO(2)NPs in developing novel products in the medical sector are also highlighted.

Automated summary

Currently, nanobiotechnology primarily focuses on the safe and eco-friendly synthesis of biocompatible metal oxide nanoparticles, with biosynthesized cerium oxide nanoparticles attracting attention in medical science due to their unique surface chemistry and dual oxidation state as excellent antioxidants and free-radical scavengers. Plant extracts are widely used for the biosynthesis of CeO(2)NPs, while other biological sources such as marine oyster shell extract, egg-white, and biopolymers have also been successfully employed. This review highlights the recent progress in biosynthesis of CeO(2)NPs and their medical use as biocompatible agents for anticancer, antibacterial, antifungal, antioxidant, antidiabetic, and wound healing purposes, as well as the prospects of developing novel products in the medical sector using biogenic CeO(2)NPs.