Genetic mapping and confirmation of the Rdm3 locus underlying resistance to southern stem canker in soybean

Southern stem canker (SSC) in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill], caused by the fungal pathogen Diaporthe aspalathi, is a major disease in the southern United States. It can cause up to 80% yield loss in severely infected fields. Plant introduction (PI) 398469, a Maturity Group VI soybean accession from South Korea, is one of six known sources of resistance to SSC. To determine the genetics of the resistance provided by PI 398469, F-2:3 and F-5-derived recombinant inbred line (RIL) populations were developed from a cross with the susceptible breeding line G81-2057. Both populations were phenotyped in the greenhouse using a modified toothpick method. The SSC-resistant and susceptible DNA bulks consisting of 20 resistant and 18 susceptible families were created from the F-2:3 population and genotyped using the Infinium SoySNP50K BeadChips for a bulked segregant analysis (BSA). Based on BSA results, 22 Kompetitive allele specific polymerase chain reaction (KASP) markers were designed to genotype the RIL population. Quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis identified qRdm_14, on chromosome (Chr) 14 with an R-2 of 62%. Linkage mapping in the F-2:3 population confirmed the presence of a QTL on Chr 14. F-5-derived RILs derived from G81-2057 x Crockett were phenotyped for SSC resistance and genotyped with the KASP markers to examine the relationship between Rdm3 from Crockett and qRdm_14 from PI 398469. Both PI 398469 and Crockett carried realleles at the Rdm3 locus for resistance to SSC. The QTL and KASP marker information could be used to screen breeding lines for resistance to SSC.

Automated summary

This study investigated the genetic characteristics of soybean PI 398469, which exhibits resistance to southern stem canker (SSC). Two populations, F-2:3 and F-5-derived recombinant inbred lines (RILs), were developed through crosses with the susceptible breeding line G81-2057. The qRdm_14 locus on chromosome 14 was identified as a major quantitative trait locus (QTL) for SSC resistance. The findings provide useful information for breeding lines with resistance to SSC.