Journal
CLINICAL NUTRITION
Volume 41, Issue 9, Pages 2031-2035Publisher
CHURCHILL LIVINGSTONE
DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2022.07.040
Keywords
Ascorbic acid; Cancer; Digestive system; Mendelian randomization; Nutrients; Vitamin C
Categories
Funding
- Swedish Cancer Society (Cancerfonden)
- United Kingdom Research and Innovation Medical Research Council [MC_UU_00002/7]
- British Heart Foundation [RG/13/13/30194, RG/18/13/33946]
- NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre [(BRC-1215-20014) 1*]
- EU/EFPIA Innovative Medicines Initiative Joint Undertaking BigData@Heart grant [116074]
- United Kingdom Research and Innovation Future Leaders Fellowship [MR/T043202/1]
- Sir Henry Dale Fellowship - Wellcome Trust
- Sir Henry Dale Fellowship - Royal Society [204623/Z/16/Z]
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The Mendelian randomization study suggests that vitamin C may play a role in the prevention of small intestine and colorectal cancer.
Background & aims: Vitamin C is an antioxidant with a potential role in the prevention of digestive system cancers, but there is yet no consensus whether vitamin C has a causal role in these cancers. The aim of this study was to utilize Mendelian randomization to decipher the potential causal associations of vitamin C with risk of digestive system cancers.Methods: Ten genetic variants previously found to be significantly associated with circulating vitamin C were used as instrumental variables. Effect size estimates for the genetic associations of the vitamin Cassociated genetic variants with six major malignancies of digestive system were obtained from the FinnGen (N = 309 154) and UK Biobank (N = 367 542) studies. Results from the two studies were combined using meta-analysis.Results: Genetically predicted higher circulating vitamin C showed a suggestive association with lower risk of small intestine and colorectal cancer after accounting for multiple testing. The odds ratio per 1 standard deviation increment in circulating vitamin C was 0.55 (95% confidence interval 0.32-0.94; P = 0.029) for small intestine cancer and 0.84 (95% confidence interval 0.73-0.96; P = 0.013) for colorectal cancer. There was a suggestive association between genetically predicted higher circulating vitamin C with lower risk of liver cancer in FinnGen but no association in the meta-analysis (odds ratio 0.69; 95% CI 0.36-1.32; P = 0.265). Genetically predicted circulating vitamin C was not associated with cancers of the esophagus, stomach, or pancreas.Conclusion: This Mendelian randomization study indicates that vitamin C might play a role in the prevention of small intestine and colorectal cancer. (c) 2022 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
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