4.7 Article

Alpha-1 antitrypsin: A novel biomarker and potential therapeutic approach for metabolic diseases

Journal

CLINICA CHIMICA ACTA
Volume 534, Issue -, Pages 71-76

Publisher

ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2022.07.005

Keywords

Alpha-1 antitrypsin; Biomarkers; Immunology and inflammation; Metabolic syndrome; Type 1 diabetes; Metabolic disease

Funding

  1. 1.3.5 project for disciplines of excellence, West China Hospital, Sichuan University [ZYGD18022]

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This review summarizes the potential therapeutic role of AAT in metabolic syndrome associated diseases and type 1 diabetes, as well as studies demonstrating its potential use as a novel biomarker.
It is well recognized that chronic low-grade systemic inflammation and autoimmunity contribute to the patho-genesis of metabolic syndrome, its associated diseases (e.g. type 2 diabetes, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease) and type 1 diabetes, respectively. Consequently, anti-inflammatory agents might play a role in managing these im-mune associated metabolic diseases. Alpha-1 antitrypsin (AAT), an endogenous acute phase protein being used for treatment of AAT deficiency (a rare genetic disease), has multiple functions including anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, anti-apoptosis and cytoprotective effects. In this review, we summarized basic and clin-ical studies that reported potential therapeutic role of AAT in metabolic syndrome associated diseases and type 1 diabetes. Studies that demonstrated AAT had the possibility to be used as a novel biomarker to predict these immune associated metabolic diseases were also included.

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