Promising strategies of circular bioeconomy using heavy metal phytoremediated plants - A critical review

Phytoremediation is an excellent method for removing harmful heavy metals from the environment since it is eco-friendly, uses little energy, and is inexpensive. However, as phytoremediated plants can turn into secondary sources for heavy metals, complete heavy metal removal from phytoremediated plants is necessary. Elimination of toxic heavy metals from phytoremediated plants should be considered with foremost care. This review highlights about important sources of heavy metal contamination, health effects caused by heavy metal contamination and technological breakthroughs of phytoremediation. This review critically emphasis about promising strategies to be engaged for absolute reutilization of heavy metals and spectacular approaches of production of commercially imperative products from phytoremediated plants through circular bioeconomy with key barriers. Thus, phytoremediation combined with circular bioeconomy can create a new platform for the eco-friendly life.

Automated summary

Phytoremediation is an effective and environmentally friendly method for removing heavy metals from the environment. However, the potential contamination of phytoremediated plants and the health effects caused by heavy metals should be carefully considered. This review highlights the sources and effects of heavy metal contamination and introduces breakthroughs in phytoremediation technology. It also emphasizes the importance of reutilization of heavy metals and the production of valuable products through circular bioeconomy using phytoremediated plants, while addressing key barriers. Phytoremediation combined with circular bioeconomy can create a sustainable and eco-friendly future platform.