4.6 Article

Application of bottom ash from cattle manure combustion for removing fluoride and inactivating pathogenic bacteria in wastewater

Journal

CHEMICAL ENGINEERING RESEARCH & DESIGN
Volume 187, Issue -, Pages 319-331

Publisher

ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2022.09.018

Keywords

Bottom ash; Cattle manure; Fluoride; Pathogenic bacteria; Disinfection

Funding

  1. National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) - Korean Government (MSIT)
  2. [2020R1C1C1008982]

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Bottom ash derived from the combustion of cattle manure can be effectively used for removing fluoride from industrial wastewater and disinfecting water contaminated with gram-negative and gram-positive pathogenic bacteria.
This study addressed the utilization of bottom ash derived from the combustion of cattle manure (BA-CM) for removing fluoride from industrial wastewater and killing gram-negative (E. coli O157:H7 and S. typhimurium) and gram-positive pathogenic bacteria (L. monocytogenes), and it will ensure both the disposal of solid waste and the purification of water. BA-CM had a pore size corresponding to mesopores (2-50 nm) and a fractal dimension (D) of 2.88. The main elements constituting the BA-CM were calcium (Ca) in the form of Ca5(PO4)3(OH) and CaCO3. The Ca released from BA-CM was helpful for removing fluoride via the formation of CaF2. The fluoride adsorption by BA-CM approached equilibrium after 6 h. The fluoride equilibrium adsorption on to BA-CM was well fitted to the Langmuir model and was calculated to have a maximum adsorption capacity of 112.07 mg/g. At pH 3, the adsorption amount of fluoride was 76.33 mg/g, and as the pH increased to 7, fluoride adsorption decreased to 50.74 mg/g. In the pH range of 7-11, the amount of fluoride adsorbed did not decrease and was maintained (50.53 +/- 0.22 mg/g). More than 97% fluoride removal could be achieved using 13.33 g/L of BA-CM. BA-CM treatment effectively inactivated pathogens in the contaminated water. The BA-CM treatment for 4 min achieved 3.77 log CFU/mL and 6.56 log CFU/mL reductions in E. coli O157:H7 and S. typhimurium, respectively. L. monocytogenes exhibited higher resistance to BA-CM than the other pathogens tested, and 30 min was required to achieve a reduction of 6.33 log CFU/mL. BA-CM, obtained from the combustion of cattle manure for energy production, can be used as a value-added material for removing fluoride and disinfecting water contaminated with pathogenic bacteria. (c) 2022 Institution of Chemical Engineers. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

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