Origin, production and molecular determinants of macrophages for their therapeutic targeting

Macrophages, the most heterogeneous cells of the hematopoietic system and the giant eaters of the immune system that present either as tissue-resident cells or infiltrated immune cells, eliminate foreign pathogens and microbes and also play different physiological roles to maintain the body's immune response. In this review, we basically provide a broad overview of macrophages from their origin, functional diversity to M1-M2 polarization, specialized markers, and their role as important therapeutic targets in different diseases based on the current research and evidence. Apart from this, we have precisely discussed about tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) and their role in tumor progression and newly discovered lesser-known markers of TAMs that could be used as potential therapeutic targets to treat life-threatening diseases. It is really very important to understand the diversity of macrophages to develop TAM-modulating strategies to activate our own immune system against diseases and to overcome immune resistance.

Automated summary

This article provides a comprehensive review on macrophages, including their origin, functional diversity, polarization, specialized markers, and their role as therapeutic targets in different diseases. It specifically discusses the tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) and their role in tumor progression, as well as newly discovered markers that could be potential therapeutic targets. Understanding the diversity of macrophages is crucial for activating the immune system against diseases and overcoming immune resistance.