Production of biochar from rice straw and its application for wastewater remediation-An overview

The valorization of biochar as a green and low-cost adsorbent provides a sustainable alternative to commercial wastewater treatment technologies that are usually chemical intensive and expensive. This review presents an indepth analysis focusing on the rice straw-derived biochar (RSB) for removal of various types of contaminants in wastewater remediation. Pyrolysis is to date the most established technology to produce biochar. Subsequently, biochar is upgraded via physical, chemical or hybrid activation/modification techniques to enhance its adsorption capacity and robustness. Thus far, acid-modified RSB is able to remove metal ions and organic compounds, while magnetic biochar and electrochemical deposition have emerged as potential biocha modification techniques. Besides, temperature , pH are the two main parameters that affect the efficiency of contaminants removal by RSB. Lastly, the limitations of RSB in wastewater remediation are elucidated based on the current advancements of the field , future research directions are proposed.

Automated summary

Biochar as a green and low-cost adsorbent offers a sustainable alternative to traditional chemical-intensive and expensive wastewater treatment technologies. Upgrading biochar through modification techniques enhances its adsorption capacity and robustness for efficient removal of metal ions and organic compounds in wastewater. Future research should focus on the optimal temperature and pH levels that affect the efficiency of contaminants removal by biochar.