Nanoextraction based on surface nanodroplets for chemical preconcentration and determination

Liquid-liquid extraction based on surface nanodroplets, namely nanoextraction, can continuously extract and enrich target analytes from the flow of a sample solution. This sample preconcentration technique is easy to operate in a continuous flow system with a low consumption of organic solvent and a high enrichment factor. In this review, the evolution from single drop microextraction to advanced nanoextraction will be briefly introduced. Moreover, the formation principle and key features of surface nanodroplets will be summarized. Further, the major findings of nanoextraction combined with in-droplet chemistry toward sensitive and quantitative detection will be discussed. Finally, we will give our perspectives for the future trend of nanoextraction. Published under an exclusive license by AIP Publishing.

Automated summary

This article presents a review on nanoextraction based on surface nanodroplets, which can continuously extract and enrich target analytes from a sample solution in a continuous flow system. Nanoextraction is characterized by its simplicity in operation, low consumption of organic solvent, and high enrichment factor. The article also summarizes the formation principle and key features of surface nanodroplets, and discusses the major findings of nanoextraction combined with in-droplet chemistry for sensitive and quantitative detection. Lastly, the future trend of nanoextraction is discussed.