Journal
BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY
Volume 404, Issue 4, Pages 279-289Publisher
WALTER DE GRUYTER GMBH
DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2022-0222
Keywords
fluorine-18-labeled PET tracer; labeling of CNS regions in vivo; molecular interactions of 3-benzazepines with GluN2B-NMDA receptors; NMDA receptors with GluN2B subunit; pharmacokinetic properties; tetrahydro-3-benzazepinediols
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GluN2B-NMDA receptors play a key role in neurological and neurodegenerative disorders. A new GluN2B-NMDA receptor modulator was developed with promising affinity and pharmacological activity, which could be suitable for human application.
GluN2B-NMDA receptors play a key role in several neurological and neurodegenerative disorders. In order to develop novel negative allosteric GluN2B-NMDA receptor modulators, the concept of conformational restriction was pursued, i.e. the flexible aminoethanol substructure of ifenprodil was embedded into a more rigid tetrahydro-3-benzazepine system. The resulting tetrahydro-3-benzazepine-1,7-diol (+/-)-2 (WMS-1410) showed promising receptor affinity in receptor binding studies (K (i) = 84 nM) as well as pharmacological activity in two-electrode-voltage-clamp experiments (IC (50) = 116 nM) and in cytoprotective assays (IC (50) = 18.5 nM). The interactions of (R)-2 with the ifenprodil binding site of GluN2B-NMDA receptors were analyzed on the molecular level and the foot-in-the-door mechanism was developed. Due to promising pharmacokinetic parameters (logD(7.4) = 1.68, plasma protein binding of 76-77%, sufficient metabolic stability) F-substituted analogs were prepared and evaluated as tracers for positron emission tomography (PET). Both fluorine-18-labeled PET tracers [F-18]11 and [F-18]15 showed high brain uptake, specific accumulation in regions known for high GluN2B-NMDA receptor expression, but no interactions with sigma (1) receptors. Radiometabolites were not observed in the brain. Both PET tracers might be suitable for application in humans.
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