☆ 4.5 Article

The potential role of ischaemia–reperfusion injury in chronic, relapsing diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, Long COVID, and ME/CFS: evidence, mechanisms, and therapeutic implications

BIOCHEMICAL JOURNAL (2022)

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A clinicopathological description of COVID-19-induced chilblains (COVID-toes) correlated with a published literature review

Athanassios Kolivras et al.

Summary: This study provides clinicopathologic evidence of COVID-19-related chilblains. Chilblains have a good prognosis, occurring later in the disease course, with no identified systemic coagulopathy in any patient. Patients presenting with acral lesions should be isolated, and chilblains should be distinguished from thrombotic lesions (livedo racemosa, retiform purpura, or ischemic acral necrosis).

JOURNAL OF CUTANEOUS PATHOLOGY (2022)

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Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Evaluation of antithrombotic use and COVID-19 outcomes in a nationwide atrial fibrillation cohort

Alex Handy et al.

Summary: This study evaluated the use of antithrombotic therapy in high-risk atrial fibrillation patients and its impact on COVID-19 outcomes. The findings suggest that pre-existing antithrombotic use may be associated with a lower risk of COVID-19 death.

HEART (2022)

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Article Virology

Evaluation of the relationship between serum levels of zinc, vitamin B12, vitamin D, and clinical outcomes in patients with COVID-19

Habibesadat Shakeri et al.

Summary: This study found that serum levels of zinc, vitamin B12, and 25(OH)D at the time of admission may affect clinical outcomes in COVID-19 patients, but these differences were not statistically significant for some nutrients.

JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY (2022)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Implication of COVID-19 on Erythrocytes Functionality: Red Blood Cell Biochemical Implications and Morpho-Functional Aspects

Annamaria Russo et al.

Summary: Certain diseases can affect the morphology and function of red blood cells, leading to hematological changes. Monitoring these changes is crucial for understanding the severity of the disease and preventing the progression to dangerous conditions.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES (2022)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

COVID-19: Are We Facing Secondary Pellagra Which Cannot Simply Be Cured by Vitamin B3?

Renata Novak Kujundzic

Summary: Immune response and inflammation caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection challenge the host's NAD(+) metabolism. The depletion of NAD(+) and elevation of its metabolites contribute to the development of a systemic disease. The robustness of the host's NAD(+) salvage pathway before infection determines the severity of COVID-19 and persistence of symptoms after infection resolution.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES (2022)

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Article Dermatology

Histopathology of persistent long COVID toe: A case report

Michael S. Nirenberg et al.

Summary: During the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic, a case of long COVID toe with thrombotic vasculopathy, toe cyanosis, and pernio-like pathology was observed in a 59-year-old obese man. Despite negative anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody and RT-PCR tests, the patient developed upper respiratory symptoms after exposure to family members with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection. This case contributes important information to the understanding of long-term pathological changes associated with COVID-19.

JOURNAL OF CUTANEOUS PATHOLOGY (2022)

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Article Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science

Evaluating the in vitro efficacy of bovine lactoferrin products against SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern

Jesse W. Wotring et al.

Summary: Bovine lactoferrin (bLF), a naturally occurring glycoprotein found in milk, has been found to strongly inhibit SARS-CoV-2 infection through direct entry inhibition and immunomodulatory mechanisms. This study shows that bLF is effective against different strains of the virus, including the B.1.1.7 variant. The study also highlights the potential of lactoferrin as a clinical candidate for the treatment or prevention of SARS-CoV-2.

JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE (2022)

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Review Immunology

Global Prevalence of Post-Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Condition or Long COVID: A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review

Chen Chen et al.

Summary: This study reveals a substantial prevalence of post-COVID-19 condition worldwide. Hospitalized patients have a higher prevalence compared to non-hospitalized ones. Fatigue is the most commonly reported symptom.

JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES (2022)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Chronic post-COVID-19 syndrome and chronic fatigue syndrome: Is there a role for extracorporeal apheresis?

Stefan R. Bornstein et al.

Summary: Research has found that patients with long COVID syndrome and chronic fatigue syndrome have similar elevation of autoantibodies. Extracorporeal apheresis can effectively reduce these antibodies levels and improve symptoms, providing a promising therapeutic option for patients with post-COVID-19 syndrome. This method may also be effective in cases involving other unknown antibodies and inflammatory mediators.

MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY (2022)

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Article Pharmacology & Pharmacy

Effects of Vitamin D Serum Level on Morbidity and Mortality in Patients with COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Yiyun Hu et al.

JOURNAL OF PHARMACY AND PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Amyloidogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein

Sofie Nystrom et al.

Summary: SARS-CoV-2 infection is associated with various morbidities. The spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 shows similarities to amyloid-disease associated blood coagulation and fibrinolytic disturbances, as well as neurologic and cardiac problems. Through experiments, researchers identified seven amyloidogenic sequences within the spike protein, and found that synthetic spike peptides can form amyloid-like fibrils when co-incubated with the protease neutrophil elastase. These findings suggest a potential molecular mechanism for amyloidogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein, which may be important in understanding COVID-19 disease-associated pathogenesis.

JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY (2022)

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Editorial Material Medicine, Research & Experimental

Autoimmunity is a hallmark of post-COVID syndrome

Manuel Rojas et al.

Summary: Autoimmunity is a characteristic of post-COVID syndrome (PCS), and it is correlated with the humoral response to SARS-CoV-2.

JOURNAL OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE (2022)

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Article Plant Sciences

Flavonoids are promising safe therapy against COVID-19

Moza Mohamed Alzaabi et al.

Summary: Flavonoids have shown potential inhibitory activity against SARS-CoV-2 and significant immunomodulatory effects, making them a promising option for protection against COVID-19. These compounds may reduce viral activity by targeting essential viral proteins involved in virus entry and replication, while also mitigating inflammatory responses and promoting lipid metabolism in COVID-19 cases.

PHYTOCHEMISTRY REVIEWS (2022)

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Article Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology

Engineering precursor supply for the high-level production of ergothioneine in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Steven A. van der Hoek et al.

Summary: Ergothioneine is a rare sulfur-containing amino acid with potent antioxidant properties. Engineered yeast strains can be used to produce high levels of ergothioneine using glucose as the carbon source. Metabolic engineering and medium optimization are effective strategies to improve ergothioneine production.

METABOLIC ENGINEERING (2022)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Health-Promoting Properties of Medicinal Mushrooms and Their Bioactive Compounds for the COVID-19 Era-An Appraisal: Do the Pro-Health Claims Measure Up?

Jennifer Mary Phillips et al.

Summary: This article discusses the therapeutic potential of medicinal mushrooms, including their anti-pathogenic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory properties. The COVID-19 pandemic presents an opportunity to explore the use of specific compounds in medicinal mushrooms for mitigating risk factors, reducing disease severity, and supporting recovery. The article also highlights the potential of medicinal mushrooms as an adjunct therapy to enhance immunity. It emphasizes the importance of the extraction method used to isolate bioactive compounds and discusses the limitations of using medicinal mushrooms as therapy.

MOLECULES (2022)

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News Item Multidisciplinary Sciences

CAN DRUGS REDUCE THE RISK OF LONG COVID? WHAT SCIENTISTS KNOW SO FAR

Heidi Ledford

Summary: Researchers are investigating the effectiveness of existing COVID-19 vaccines and treatments in preventing long-term symptoms.

NATURE (2022)

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News Item Multidisciplinary Sciences

THE LONG-TERM CONSEQUENCES OF VIRAL INFECTION

Asher Mullard

Summary: Researchers are investigating whether vaccines can prevent multiple sclerosis and other chronic conditions that may be triggered by viral infections.

NATURE (2022)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Effect of Early Treatment with Ivermectin among Patients with Covid-19

G. Reis et al.

Summary: This study conducted in Brazil shows that the use of ivermectin treatment does not reduce the incidence of hospitalization or prolonged observation in the emergency department in outpatients with early diagnosis of Covid-19.

NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2022)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

COVID-19 therapeutics: Challenges and directions for the future

Philip C. Robinson et al.

Summary: The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 and the resulting COVID-19 pandemic have had a significant impact on global society. While substantial investment in life sciences has led to rapid advancements in viral characterization, testing, and the development of highly effective vaccines, drug treatments for COVID-19 have been limited. Innovative approaches in clinical trials and repurposing existing drugs have saved lives, but there is still a need for further development of therapeutics. It is important to address the challenges and unmet needs in order to prepare for future pandemics and ensure the cost-effective development and equitable distribution of new therapeutics.

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (2022)

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Article Medicine, Research & Experimental

Efficacy and safety of lumbrokinase plus aspirin versus aspirin alone for acute ischemic stroke (LUCENT): study protocol for a multicenter randomized controlled trial

Ying Chen et al.

Summary: This trial aims to investigate the efficacy and safety of lumbrokinase plus aspirin compared to aspirin alone in the treatment of acute ischemic stroke.

TRIALS (2022)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Persistent COVID-19 symptoms in a community study of 606,434 people in England

Matthew Whitaker et al.

Summary: This study characterizes Long COVID using data from the REACT-2 community-based study in England, estimating the prevalence of persistent symptoms and identifying risk factors. It also finds evidence of symptom clustering.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2022)

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Article Biochemical Research Methods

Combining CRISPR-Cpf1 and Recombineering Facilitates Fast and Efficient Genome Editing in Escherichia coli

Xuewen Zhu et al.

Summary: This study presents an efficient and fast gene-editing system based on CRISPR/Cpf1 in Escherichia coli. By optimizing the transformation method and replacing the homologous recombination system, the system achieved nearly 100% efficiency in gene knockout or gene integration and allowed simultaneous editing of multiple genes. The system was also validated in other E. coli strains and successfully applied to engineer the synthesis pathway of l-histidine.

ACS SYNTHETIC BIOLOGY (2022)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Long COVID and episodic disability: advancing the conceptualisation, measurement and knowledge of episodic disability among people living with Long COVID - protocol for a mixed-methods study

Kelly K. O'Brien et al.

Summary: This study aims to explore disability experiences among individuals living with Long COVID and develop a questionnaire to assess the presence, severity, and episodic nature of disability. The researchers will analyze the data to examine the relationships between different dimensions of disability and the influence of intrinsic and extrinsic contextual factors.

BMJ OPEN (2022)

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Article Microbiology

SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells associate with inflammation and reduced lung function in pulmonary post-acute sequalae of SARS-CoV-2

Katherine M. Littlefield et al.

Summary: This study found that individuals with pulmonary post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 (PASC) had higher frequencies of SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells in their blood compared to those who recovered from COVID-19. These elevated T cell frequencies were associated with increased systemic inflammation and decreased lung function. The findings provide mechanistic insight into the pathophysiology of pulmonary PASC and can inform the development of new treatments.

PLOS PATHOGENS (2022)

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Article Biology

Coagulation factors directly cleave SARS-CoV-2 spike and enhance viral entry

Edward R. Kastenhuber et al.

Summary: Coagulopathy is a significant aspect of morbidity in COVID-19 patients. This study demonstrates that coagulation factors Xa and thrombin can directly cleave SARS-CoV-2 spike, enhancing viral entry. Protease inhibitors, such as nafamostat and camostat, can inhibit spike cleavage and may have potential therapeutic effects. Anticoagulation is critical in managing COVID-19, and early intervention could provide additional benefits by suppressing viral entry.

ELIFE (2022)

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Review Pharmacology & Pharmacy

Ergothioneine as a Natural Antioxidant Against Oxidative Stress-Related Diseases

Tong-Tong Fu et al.

Summary: This article introduces the biological source and in vivo distribution of L-ergothioneine (EGT), as well as its relationships and action mechanisms with various oxidative stress-related diseases. The advantages of EGT over other antioxidants and several future research perspectives for EGT are also discussed.

FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY (2022)

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Article Physiology

Orthostatic Intolerance in Adults Reporting Long COVID Symptoms Was Not Associated With Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome

Ann Monaghan et al.

Summary: In this observational cross-sectional study, predictors of orthostatic intolerance (OI) in adults with long COVID symptoms were investigated. OI was found to be associated with female sex, fatigue, depressive symptoms, inability to perform daily activities, and higher heart rate at the lowest systolic blood pressure point. However, initial orthostatic hypotension and classical orthostatic hypotension were not correlated with OI.

FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY (2022)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Risks and burdens of incident diabetes in long COVID: a cohort study

Yan Xie et al.

Summary: This study found an increased risk and burden of incident diabetes and antihyperglycaemic use in people with COVID-19 in the post-acute phase compared to a contemporary control group. The risks and burdens of post-acute outcomes were related to the severity of the acute phase of COVID-19.

LANCET DIABETES & ENDOCRINOLOGY (2022)

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Review Immunology

The COVID Complex: A Review of Platelet Activation and Immune Complexes in COVID-19

Stefan D. Jevtic et al.

Summary: COVID-19 is a highly prothrombotic viral infection that primarily manifests as an acute respiratory syndrome. Critically ill patients often develop venous thromboembolism with increased mortality. Platelet hyperactivation may be the cause of this prothrombotic state.

FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY (2022)

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Article Allergy

Available and affordable complementary treatments for COVID-19: From hypothesis to pilot studies and the need for implementation

Jean Bousquet et al.

Summary: Vaccination is effective against COVID-19, but complementary treatments are necessary. Fermented vegetables and spices, such as curcumin, may help control COVID-19 symptoms. Further research and trials are needed to confirm these treatments.

CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL ALLERGY (2022)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Portable, low-field magnetic resonance imaging enables highly accessible and dynamic bedside evaluation of ischemic stroke

Matthew M. Yuen et al.

Summary: This study validates the use of low-field pMRI to obtain clinically useful imaging of stroke, setting the stage for its use in resource-limited environments.

SCIENCE ADVANCES (2022)

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Editorial Material Multidisciplinary Sciences

Detection of stroke by portable, low-field MRI: A milestone in medical imaging

Peter Basser

SCIENCE ADVANCES (2022)

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Article Cell Biology

Hyperglycemia and Loss of Redox Homeostasis in COVID-19 Patients

Maria Elena Soto et al.

Summary: Infection with SARS-CoV-2 affects the glucose-insulin axis and leads to changes in glucose metabolism in COVID-19 patients, resulting in the loss of redox homeostasis and increased oxidative and nitrosative stress.

CELLS (2022)

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Article Immunology

Could SARS-CoV-2 Have Bacteriophage Behavior or Induce the Activity of Other Bacteriophages?

Carlo Brogna et al.

Summary: Recent studies show that microorganisms in the human gastrointestinal tract affect the severity of COVID-19 and indicate that the virus may replicate in gut bacteria. Observations of bacterial cultures from the human microbiome and SARS-CoV-2 suggest that the virus could infect bacteria in the gut microbiota and function as a bacteriophage. These findings are valuable for the vaccination campaign and provide insights into the interactions between SARS-CoV-2 and non-mammalian cells.

VACCINES (2022)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Diagnosis of Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome With Partial Least Squares Discriminant Analysis: Relevance of Blood Extracellular Vesicles

Alba Gonzalez-Cebrian et al.

Summary: Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS) is diagnosed clinically and is characterized by persistent fatigue and post-exertional malaise. Differential expression of miRNAs in the blood has been observed in patients, but their diagnostic power is limited. Blood vesicles may carry relevant disease information. Raman micro-spectroscopic analysis identified carotenoid peaks as ME/CFS fingerprints, but their diagnostic capacity is limited. However, Raman data helped refine the number of miRNAs in a previous model, ensuring a perfect classification of subjects.

FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE (2022)

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Review Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Long COVID-19 and Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome- Is Dysautonomia to Be Blamed?

Karan R. Chadda et al.

Summary: While the increased arrhythmic tendency during acute COVID-19 infection is recognised, the long-term cardiac electrophysiological complications are less well known. Patients with long COVID, which refers to ongoing symptoms post-infection, may experience dysautonomia, particularly postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS). The underlying mechanisms of these complications include hypovolaemia, neurotropism, inflammation, and autoimmunity. Limited treatment options are available for POTS and other long COVID symptoms, and future research should focus on elucidating the underlying mechanisms and developing targeted therapies. It is also important for healthcare professionals to be educated on recognizing complications and conditions arising from COVID-19, such as POTS, to enable prompt diagnosis and access to early treatment.

FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE (2022)

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Review Surgery

Immuno-Thrombotic Complications of COVID-19: Implications for Timing of Surgery and Anticoagulation

Connor M. Bunch et al.

Summary: The postoperative morbidity and mortality of convalescent COVID-19 patients has been found to be higher, highlighting the need for individual risk assessment and delayed elective surgeries to improve postoperative outcomes.

FRONTIERS IN SURGERY (2022)

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Article Gastroenterology & Hepatology

Lost microbes of COVID-19: Bifidobacterium, Faecalibacterium depletion and decreased microbiome diversity associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection severity

Sabine Hazan et al.

Summary: This study compared gut microbiome diversity and composition between SARS-CoV-2 PCR-positive patients and PCR-negative exposed controls. The results showed that severely symptomatic patients had lower bacterial diversity and decreased abundance of Bifidobacterium, Faecalibacterium, and Roseburia, while Bacteroides abundance increased. There was an inverse association between disease severity and abundance of these bacteria.

BMJ OPEN GASTROENTEROLOGY (2022)

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Review Medicine, Research & Experimental

Lactoferrin Can Attenuate SARS-CoV-2: An Analysis of Evidential Relations

Furqan Shafqat et al.

Summary: Lactoferrin (Lf) has antiviral activity against various animal and human viruses, including DNA and RNA viruses. By acting on cell targets and directly binding to viral particles, Lf can prevent viral penetration into host cells. It also has antibacterial effects by binding to iron and reducing bacterial growth. Additionally, Lf has been shown to activate natural killer cells and decrease infection and inflammation caused by SARS-CoV-2.

BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH AND THERAPY (2022)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Qingjin Yiqi granules for post-COVID-19 condition: A randomized clinical trial

Wentai Pang et al.

Summary: Qingjin Yiqi granules (QJYQ) combined with standard rehabilitation treatments (SRTs) can improve breathlessness and fatigue in patients with post-COVID-19 condition (PCC), with no significant effect on symptoms score and 6-minute walking distance (6MWD).

JOURNAL OF EVIDENCE BASED MEDICINE (2022)

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Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Prevalence of symptoms, comorbidities, fibrin amyloid microclots and platelet pathology in individuals with Long COVID/Post-Acute Sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC)

Etheresia Pretorius et al.

Summary: Fibrin amyloid microclots and platelet hyperactivation in South African patients with Long COVID/PASC may be responsible for the persistent symptoms. Hypertension, high cholesterol levels, cardiovascular disease, and type 2 diabetes mellitus were found to be the most important comorbidities. The study highlights the need for further research on the pathophysiology and treatment of Long COVID/PASC.

CARDIOVASCULAR DIABETOLOGY (2022)

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Article Peripheral Vascular Disease

Detailed videocapillaroscopic microvascular changes detectable in adult COVID-19 survivors

Alberto Sulli et al.

Summary: This study evaluated the microvascular status in COVID-19 survivors and found a significant loss of capillaries compared to the control group. COVID-19 survivors also showed significantly less isolated microhemorrhages. Further analysis is needed to investigate the implications of these findings.

MICROVASCULAR RESEARCH (2022)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Neurotoxic amyloidogenic peptides in the proteome of SARS-COV2: potential implications for neurological symptoms in COVID-19

Saba Islam et al.

Summary: The authors report the presence of toxic clumps of protein in the COVID-19 virus that resemble amyloid assemblies found in Alzheimer's disease. They suggest that these clumps may play a role in the neurological symptoms observed in long-COVID.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2022)

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Article Medicine, Research & Experimental

Gastrointestinal symptoms and fecal shedding of SARS-CoV-2 RNA suggest prolonged gastrointestinal infection

Aravind Natarajan et al.

Summary: This study found that SARS-CoV-2 viral RNA can persist in feces for up to 7 months in individuals with mild to moderate COVID-19. Furthermore, patients with gastrointestinal symptoms are more likely to shed viral RNA in their feces.

MED (2022)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Diagnostic Accuracy of the RDW for Predicting Death in COVID-19

Eduardo Guani-Guerra et al.

Summary: This study found that high red blood cell distribution width (RDW) at hospital admission and discharge is associated with adverse prognosis in COVID-19 patients. The RDW levels increase further during hospitalization, making it a more important predictor of mortality than the RDW at admission.

MEDICINA-LITHUANIA (2022)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Alterations in microbiota of patients with COVID-19: potential mechanisms and therapeutic interventions

Bin Wang et al.

Summary: This article explores the relationship between host microbiota and COVID-19, as well as the role of microbiota in modulating host immune responses. Additionally, it reviews and discusses various microbiota-based treatments for COVID-19 and PACS, including fecal microbiota transplantation, probiotics, prebiotics, microbiota-derived metabolites, and engineered symbiotic bacteria.

SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION AND TARGETED THERAPY (2022)

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Review Respiratory System

Extracellular vesicles and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD): a systematic review

Nancy Gomez et al.

Summary: This systematic review examines the role of extracellular vesicles (EVs) in the pathogenesis and diagnosis of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). The research found that EVs are involved in the mechanism of COPD pathogenesis, derived from various cell types and containing modified levels of miRNAs. The findings suggest that EVs could be a potential method for COPD diagnosis and progress monitoring.

RESPIRATORY RESEARCH (2022)

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Article Immunology

Immunomodulation by endothelial cells - partnering up with the immune system?

Jacob Amersfoort et al.

Summary: Blood vessel endothelial cells (ECs) play a crucial role in regulating inflammation, and specific subtypes of ECs in different tissues and organs have distinct immunomodulatory capacities. These specific subtypes could be considered as targets for new immunotherapeutic approaches.

NATURE REVIEWS IMMUNOLOGY (2022)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

ACE2-independent infection of T lymphocytes by SARS-CoV-2

Xu-Rui Shen et al.

Summary: This study confirmed that T cells can be infected by SARS-CoV-2 in a spike-ACE2-independent manner. This finding provides new insights into the underlying mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2-induced lymphopenia in COVID-19 patients.

SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION AND TARGETED THERAPY (2022)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Update on the role of extracellular vesicles in rheumatoid arthritis

Hai-Bing Miao et al.

Summary: This review discusses the role of extracellular vesicles (EVs) in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and presents evidence supporting the therapeutic potential of EVs from different sources.

EXPERT REVIEWS IN MOLECULAR MEDICINE (2022)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Orthostatic Symptoms and Reductions in Cerebral Blood Flow in Long-Haul COVID-19 Patients: Similarities with Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

C. (Linda) M. C. van Campen et al.

Summary: There is overlap in symptoms and responses to tilt testing between patients with long-haul COVID-19 and ME/CFS, but the impairment of cerebral blood flow and cardiac index appears to be more severe in long-haul COVID-19 patients.

MEDICINA-LITHUANIA (2022)

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Letter Anesthesiology

Discrepancy between SpO2 and SaO2 in patients with COVID-19

N. Wilson-Baig et al.

ANAESTHESIA (2021)

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Review Dermatology

An Autopsy Review: COVID Toes

Mine M. Yilmaz et al.

Summary: This study summarizes the various dermatologic manifestations of SARS-CoV-2 infection, particularly focusing on COVID toes in young asymptomatic patients, pernio-like lesions in children, and purple digits in critically ill adults. The findings suggest different pathological processes affecting peripheral skin sites in critically ill patients, potentially due to thromboembolic events, shedding light on the overall pathogenesis of systemic illness.

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF DERMATOPATHOLOGY (2021)

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Article Rheumatology

Risk of venous thromboembolism in rheumatoid arthritis, and its association with disease activity: a nationwide cohort study from Sweden

Viktor Molander et al.

Summary: This study found a strong association between clinical RA disease activity and the risk of VTE, with RA patients having a significantly higher risk compared to non-RA individuals. Additionally, the risk of VTE in RA patients increased with higher disease activity levels, indicating that RA disease activity can be used as an additional tool for stratifying VTE risk in these patients.

ANNALS OF THE RHEUMATIC DISEASES (2021)

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Article Engineering, Biomedical

Hyperferritinemia in patients with COVID-19: An opportunity for iron chelation?

Vassilios D. Vlahakos et al.

Summary: Iron chelators have been found to alleviate cytokine storm and multiorgan damage in severe infections like COVID-19, as well as benefit viral infections by influencing viral replication.

ARTIFICIAL ORGANS (2021)

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Article Nutrition & Dietetics

Nutritional status of micronutrients as a possible and modifiable risk factor for COVID-19: a UK perspective

David P. Richardson et al.

Summary: Elderly individuals face an increased risk of COVID-19 infection, with factors such as living conditions, nutrition status, and lifestyle playing significant roles. A varied and balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and essential nutrients can enhance immune function and improve the body's ability to combat the virus.

BRITISH JOURNAL OF NUTRITION (2021)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Viral pathogen-induced mechanisms to antagonize mammalian interferon (IFN) signaling pathway

Jose M. Rojas et al.

Summary: This review provides an overview of type I interferon responses and mechanisms used by viruses to evade this response.

CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR LIFE SCIENCES (2021)

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Review Plant Sciences

Antiviral activity of green tea and black tea polyphenols in prophylaxis and treatment of COVID-19: A review

Susmit Mhatre et al.

Summary: This study reviewed the antiviral activities of tea polyphenols and their interactions with SARS-CoV-2, indicating significant potential in the treatment and prophylaxis of COVID-19. In particular, theaflavin-3,3'-digallate (TF3) showed significant binding with viral receptors, highlighting the efficacy of tea polyphenols against COVID-19.

PHYTOMEDICINE (2021)

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Editorial Material Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

Conceptualising Long COVID as an episodic health condition

Darren A. Brown et al.

BMJ GLOBAL HEALTH (2021)

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Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Potential Contributors to Increased Pulmonary Embolism Hospitalizations During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Insights From the German-Wide Helios Hospital Network

Daniela Husser et al.

Summary: The study found a continuous increase in pulmonary embolism (PE) hospitalizations in Germany after the first wave of COVID-19, primarily related to factors such as non-COVID-19 pneumonia, CTPA use, and preceding COVID-19 infections. Even when controlling for demographic factors, volume depletion, and non-COVID-19 pneumonia, the increase in PE cases in 2020 remained statistically significant compared to the control period.

FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE (2021)

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Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Pulmonary Embolism in COVID-19 Patients: Which Diagnostic Algorithm Should We Use?

Angelo Porfidia et al.

Summary: PE is a common complication in COVID-19 patients, but there is a lack of clear guidelines for diagnosing PE. While many COVID-19 patients may have indications for CTPA, only a small percentage actually undergo this examination, and there are no significant clinical differences between those who do and those who do not.

FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE (2021)

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Review Biology

The Role of Acidosis in the Pathogenesis of Severe Forms of COVID-19

Yury D. Nechipurenko et al.

Summary: This article summarizes recent studies linking acidosis with severe COVID-19 cases. It highlights the vicious cycle between acidosis and hypoxia in COVID-19 patients, which can exacerbate the condition. The review suggests the importance of supporting normal blood pH in COVID-19 therapy.

BIOLOGY-BASEL (2021)

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Article Rheumatology

The Effects of Hyperbaric Oxygen on Rheumatoid Arthritis A Pilot Study

Michelle T. Sit et al.

Summary: The pilot study found that hyperbaric oxygen therapy is effective for joint pain in patients with rheumatoid arthritis, as evidenced by significant decreases in pain scores in multiple clinical measures. Further research with larger sample sizes and control groups is needed.

JCR-JOURNAL OF CLINICAL RHEUMATOLOGY (2021)

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Review Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

COVID-19 Infection: Viral Macro- and Micro-Vascular Coagulopathy and Thromboembolism/Prophylactic and Therapeutic Management

Antonis S. Manolis et al.

Summary: COVID-19 predisposes patients to arterial and venous thrombosis, commonly leading to complications such as pulmonary embolism. Biomarkers related to coagulation and inflammation are considered useful diagnostic and prognostic tools for COVID-19-associated coagulopathy.

JOURNAL OF CARDIOVASCULAR PHARMACOLOGY AND THERAPEUTICS (2021)

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Review Nutrition & Dietetics

N-Acetylcysteine: A Review of Clinical Usefulness (an Old Drug with New Tricks)

Gerry K. Schwalfenberg

Summary: N-acetylcysteine can be used as an adjuvant in treating various medical conditions, especially chronic diseases. It can also be used as a chelator for heavy metals and nanoparticles.

JOURNAL OF NUTRITION AND METABOLISM (2021)

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Review Cell Biology

The Impact of COVID-19 Disease on Platelets and Coagulation

Geoffrey D. Wool et al.

Summary: COVID-19 infection can lead to a proinflammatory state and abnormalities in the coagulation mechanism, with patients often experiencing thrombosis. Elevated levels of D-dimer are positively correlated with mortality, and patients typically exhibit mild thrombocytopenia.

PATHOBIOLOGY (2021)

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Review Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

Increased pulmonary embolism in patients with COVID-19: a case series and literature review

Sonia Hesam-Shariati et al.

Summary: Recent evidence suggests that COVID-19 may increase the risk of venous thromboembolism due to a prothrombotic state. Diagnosis of pulmonary embolism in COVID-19 patients is challenging and almost impossible compared to individuals without the virus. Early detection and appropriate treatment are crucial in managing COVID-19 patients with pulmonary embolism.

TROPICAL DISEASES TRAVEL MEDICINE AND VACCINES (2021)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Giant coronary artery aneurysm as a feature of coronavirus-related inflammatory syndrome

Kerrie Louise Richardson et al.

Summary: A 5-month-old female infant was hospitalized with fever and rash during the recent coronavirus pandemic. Despite testing negative initially, she developed COVID-19 antibodies and a severe Kawasaki-like illness associated with pediatric multisystem inflammatory syndrome temporarily linked to COVID-19 infection.

BMJ CASE REPORTS (2021)

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Article Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

Longitudinal Monitoring of Lactate in Hospitalized and Ambulatory COVID-19 Patients

Thirumalaisamy P. Velavan et al.

Summary: Hypoxemia can be detected early by measuring SpO2 levels, and lactate levels play an important role in the management of COVID-19 patients. Hospitalized patients had significantly higher blood lactate concentrations compared to ambulatory patients, which may be useful for risk assessment and patient care.

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE (2021)

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Editorial Material Engineering, Biomedical

An Evolving Clinical Need: Discordant Oxygenation Measurements of Intubated COVID-19 Patients

Jerry A. Rubano et al.

Summary: The accuracy of arterial oxygen content prediction via pulse oximetry in COVID-19 patients presents a critical concern for evaluating and managing acute hypoxemic respiratory failure.

ANNALS OF BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING (2021)

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Article Pharmacology & Pharmacy

The comprehensive study on the therapeutic effects of baicalein for the treatment of COVID-19 in vivo and in vitro

Junke Song et al.

Summary: Baicalein, the main active compound of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, has shown potential therapeutic effects against COVID-19 by inhibiting SARS-CoV-2-induced cell damage and displaying anti-viral and anti-inflammatory properties in various in vitro and in vivo models.

BIOCHEMICAL PHARMACOLOGY (2021)

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Review Neurosciences

Preparing for the long-haul: Autonomic complications of COVID-19

Nicholas W. Larsen et al.

Summary: As the global numbers of COVID-19 cases increase, chronic neurological symptoms, including autonomic dysfunction, are being reported more frequently. Evidence suggests that many patients experience chronic symptoms long after their acute infection, leading to the new diagnostic category of post-acute COVID syndrome. The autonomic symptoms of post-acute COVID syndrome may play a central role in the underlying pathophysiology.

AUTONOMIC NEUROSCIENCE-BASIC & CLINICAL (2021)

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Article Pharmacology & Pharmacy

Unfractionated heparin inhibits live wild type SARS-CoV-2 cell infectivity at therapeutically relevant concentrations

Julia A. Tree et al.

Summary: A comparison of clinically relevant heparins showed that unfractionated heparin (UFH) has significantly stronger antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2 compared to low molecular weight heparins (LMWHs), directly inhibiting the binding of spike protein to the human ACE2 receptor. These findings support further clinical investigation of UFH as a potential treatment for COVID-19 patients.

BRITISH JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY (2021)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Mechanisms and therapeutic potential of interactions between human amyloids and viruses

Emiel Michiels et al.

Summary: Research has shown that amyloids can encode important cellular functions, one of which involves interaction with microbial pathogens, including viruses. Amyloids expressed in humans can act as both innate restriction molecules against viruses and agents that promote viral infectivity. The underlying molecular driving forces of amyloid-virus interactions are not completely understood at present.

CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR LIFE SCIENCES (2021)

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Article Medicine, Research & Experimental

Metformin to decrease COVID-19 severity and mortality: Molecular mechanisms and therapeutic potential

Olexandr Kamyshnyi et al.

Summary: The COVID-19 pandemic poses a serious challenge to medicine and science, with analysis indicating that diabetic patients are more prone to severe COVID-19 due to immune dysregulation. Metabolic changes induced by diabetes affect the immunometabolism of lymphocytes, and the use of metformin may be a new approach to reducing disease severity.

BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY (2021)

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Article Dermatology

Type I interferon response and vascular alteration in chilblain-like lesions during the COVID-19 outbreak

L. Frumholtz et al.

Summary: The study found an activation loop in the skin in patients with chilblain-like lesions (CLL) associated with endothelial dysfunction and immune infiltration of cytotoxic and type I IFN-polarized cells, leading to clinical manifestations. CLL patients demonstrated higher IgA tissue deposition, more significant transcriptomic activation of complement and angiogenesis factors, and a systemic immune response associated with IgA antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies.

BRITISH JOURNAL OF DERMATOLOGY (2021)

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Review Chemistry, Medicinal

Oxidative stress mitigation by antioxidants - An overview on their chemistry and influences on health status

Aurelia Magdalena Pisoschi et al.

Summary: This review paper examines the chemistry of oxidative stress mitigation by antioxidants, highlighting the crucial role of balancing pro-oxidant and antioxidant species. It discusses the association between oxidative stress and various diseases, elucidating the types, mechanisms, and defense strategies of antioxidants.

EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY (2021)

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Article Gastroenterology & Hepatology

Gut microbiota composition reflects disease severity and dysfunctional immune responses in patients with COVID-19

Yun Kit Yeoh et al.

Summary: This study found that the gut microbiome composition was significantly altered in patients with COVID-19 compared to non-COVID-19 individuals, regardless of medication received. Certain gut commensals known for their immunomodulatory potential were underrepresented in patients and remained low even after disease resolution. Additionally, the altered gut microbiome composition correlated with disease severity and elevated levels of inflammatory cytokines and blood markers.

GUT (2021)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Hyperbaric oxygen therapy for the treatment of long COVID: early evaluation of a highly promising intervention

Tim Robbins et al.

Summary: Long COVID-related fatigue can be debilitating, and may affect young people who were previously in economic employment. The results suggest potential benefits of HBOT for improving fatigue, global cognition, executive function, attention, information processing, and verbal function in patients with long COVID.

CLINICAL MEDICINE (2021)

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Article Infectious Diseases

Asymptomatic hypoxia in COVID-19 is associated with poor outcome

Philippe Brouqui et al.

Summary: The study describes and evaluates the outcomes of COVID-19 patients without shortness of breath, showing that a significant percentage of such patients may still have hypoxemia and poor prognosis. Medical attention is needed for these asymptomatic hypoxia cases despite the absence of respiratory symptoms.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES (2021)

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Review Rheumatology

Risk of venous thromboembolism in rheumatoid arthritis

Chahinez Ketfi et al.

Summary: Rheumatoid arthritis patients have a more than double risk of venous thromboembolism compared with the general population, potentially due to activation of Virchow's triad components. Factors such as surgery, uncontrolled RA, and biological DMARDs may increase the incidence of VTE.

JOINT BONE SPINE (2021)

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Letter Infectious Diseases

Clinical, virological and imaging profile in patients with prolonged forms of COVID-19: A cross-sectional study

Dominique Salmon-Ceron et al.

JOURNAL OF INFECTION (2021)

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Article Medical Laboratory Technology

Venous blood gas analysis in patients with COVID-19 symptoms in the early assessment of virus positivity

Dzemal Elezagic et al.

Summary: This study indicates that symptomatic SARS-CoV-2-positive patients upon admission exhibit lower levels of blood oxygen, pH, and calcium, along with higher levels of carbon dioxide. This blood gas analysis constellation could assist in rapidly identifying SARS-CoV-2-positive patients and recognizing early signs of hypoxia.

JOURNAL OF LABORATORY MEDICINE (2021)

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Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Coagulopathy and COVID-19

Ferdinando Luca Lorini et al.

Summary: SARS-CoV-2 infection is associated with frequent thrombotic events, leading to a state of hypercoagulability known as ‘COVID-19 associated coagulopathy’. The pathogenesis of CAC is complex, influenced by the interplay between the inflammatory system and coagulation. CAC has unique features, with high levels of D-dimer and fibrinogen being the main coagulative alterations described in the literature.

EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL SUPPLEMENTS (2021)

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Article Peripheral Vascular Disease

Nailfold capillaroscopy findings in patients with coronavirus disease 2019: Broadening the spectrum of COVID-19 microvascular involvement

Gerlando Natalello et al.

Summary: COVID-19 patients exhibit microvascular abnormalities in NVC examination. Currently ill and recovered subjects show different distribution of elementary capillaroscopic alterations, resembling acute and post-acute microvascular damage. Further studies are needed to evaluate the clinical significance of NVC in COVID-19.

MICROVASCULAR RESEARCH (2021)

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Letter Clinical Neurology

Intracerebral endotheliitis and microbleeds are neuropathological features of COVID-19

Daniel Kirschenbaum et al.

Summary: Cerebral microhemorrhages in COVID-19 patients may be the result of Sars-CoV-2-induced endotheliitis and more general vasculopathic changes, possibly correlating with an increased risk of vascular encephalopathy. This pathological condition was confirmed in autopsies, but further research is needed to understand the specific causes and mechanisms.

NEUROPATHOLOGY AND APPLIED NEUROBIOLOGY (2021)

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Review Respiratory System

COVID-19, immunothrombosis and venous thromboembolism: biological mechanisms

Joan Loo et al.

Summary: Thrombotic events in COVID-19, especially venous thromboemboli, are associated with disease severity and poor clinical outcomes. Distinctive microvascular abnormalities include endothelial inflammation, disruption of intercellular junctions, and microthrombi formation. COVID-19 can lead to immunothrombosis, and a better understanding of the pathobiological mechanisms is crucial for developing new treatments.

THORAX (2021)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Promising Antiviral Activities of Natural Flavonoids against SARS-CoV-2 Targets: Systematic Review

Ridhima Kaul et al.

Summary: This review summarizes the activities and structure-activity relationships of flavonoids in combating SARS-CoV-2 from in vitro studies to clinical research. The study found that flavonoids such as quercetin and myricetin derivatives, baicalein, baicalin, EGCG, and tannic acid show promising activities against SARS-CoV-2.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES (2021)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Thrombolytic Enzymes of Microbial Origin: A Review

Deepti Diwan et al.

Summary: Enzyme therapies are gaining attention as thrombolytic drugs due to their high affinity, specificity, catalytic activity, and stability. Microbial-derived thrombolytic and fibrinolytic enzymes show promise in preventing and treating vascular occlusion with advantageous cost-benefit ratio and large-scale production, addressing major thrombotic complications.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Catechin and curcumin interact with S protein of SARS-CoV2 and ACE2 of human cell membrane: insights from computational studies

Atala B. Jena et al.

Summary: This study demonstrates that catechin and curcumin exhibit strong binding affinity to viral S Protein and host receptor ACE2, as well as their complex, which may offer a therapeutic strategy against SARS-CoV2.

SCIENTIFIC REPORTS (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Plasma tissue plasminogen activator and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 in hospitalized COVID-19 patients

Yu Zuo et al.

Summary: COVID-19 patients have elevated levels of tPA and PAI-1 in plasma, which are correlated with neutrophil counts and respiratory status. Particularly high levels of tPA are strongly associated with mortality and enhanced fibrinolysis, suggesting a subset of patients may have a favorable balance of factors for fibrinolysis. Further investigation into tPA as a biomarker is warranted.

SCIENTIFIC REPORTS (2021)

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Article Allergy

Study of the Effects of N-acetylcysteine on Inflammatory Biomarkers and Disease Activity Score in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis

Faezeh Jamali et al.

Summary: Oral NAC has a beneficial effect on the clinical features of RA, reducing disease activity score and improving overall patient assessment, without significant impact on specific cytokine levels. Further research is needed to confirm these results.

IRANIAN JOURNAL OF ALLERGY ASTHMA AND IMMUNOLOGY (2021)

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News Item Medicine, General & Internal

Trials Test Mushrooms and Herbs as Anti-COVID-19 Agents

Anita Slomski

JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION (2021)

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Article Immunology

Comparison of Blood Bacterial Communities in Periodontal Health and Periodontal Disease

David C. Emery et al.

Summary: The use of Next Generation Sequencing techniques has led to a wide variety of blood microbiome data, with a large portion being bacteria from the oral cavity. Oral bacteria, especially those associated with periodontal diseases, are commonly linked to various diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, rheumatoid arthritis, and Alzheimer's disease.

FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY (2021)

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Review Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Coronavirus Disease 2019-Associated Thrombosis and Coaculopathy: Review of the Pathophysiological Characteristics and Implications for Antithrombotic Management

Luis Ortega-Paz et al.

Summary: COVID-19 caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 can lead to intense inflammatory and prothrombotic states, with cardiovascular implications and an increased risk of thrombotic events. The virus utilizes angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 as a functional receptor, which is highly expressed in the respiratory and cardiovascular systems.

JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HEART ASSOCIATION (2021)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Ergothioneine, recent developments

Irwin K. Cheah et al.

Summary: There has been a recent surge of interest in the unique low molecular weight dietary thiol/thione, ergothioneine, which can accumulate at high levels in the body from diet and may play important physiological roles in human health and development. Blood levels of ergothioneine decline with age and onset of various diseases. Recent advances have been made in our knowledge of ergothioneine.

REDOX BIOLOGY (2021)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

SARS-CoV-2 leads to a small vessel endotheliitis in the heart

Umberto Maccio et al.

Summary: In COVID-19 patients, there is a strong expression of ACE2/TMPRSS2 and lympho-monocytic inflammation in capillaries, mainly affecting small vessels rather than the main coronaries. Additionally, there is evidence of inflammatory neuropathy in the epicardial nerves, suggesting an angio- and neurotrophic affinity of SARS-COV2 in COVID-19 complications.

EBIOMEDICINE (2021)

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Review Medicine, General & Internal

Red Blood Cell Distribution Width, Disease Severity, and Mortality in Hospitalized Patients with SARS-CoV-2 Infection: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Angelo Zinellu et al.

Summary: Biomarkers predicting disease severity and outcomes in SARS-CoV-2 infection are a focus of intense research. This study found that higher RDW values are significantly associated with COVID-19 severity and mortality, aiding in early risk stratification.

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE (2021)

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Review Oncology

Roles of HIF and 2-Oxoglutarate-Dependent Dioxygenases in Controlling Gene Expression in Hypoxia

Julianty Frost et al.

Summary: Hypoxia, caused by reduced oxygen availability, is crucial in both physiological and pathological processes. The 2-OGDs, particularly the Prolyl-hydroxylases, play key roles in oxygen sensing by controlling the levels and activity of HIF. Recent studies have shown that these dioxygenases are involved in various aspects of gene regulation.

CANCERS (2021)

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Article Plant Sciences

Mechanism deconvolution of Qing Fei Pai Du decoction for treatment of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) by label-free integrative pharmacology assays

Fangfang Xu et al.

Summary: This study elucidates the active ingredients, targets and pathways of LCDD, providing insights into the multitarget synergistic action for its clinical therapeutic efficacy.

JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY (2021)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Melatonin interferes with COVID-19 at several distinct ROS-related steps

Olivia G. Camp et al.

Summary: Recent studies have found a correlation between COVID-19 and the cytokine storm, which leads to excessive production of reactive oxygen species. Melatonin, a potent MPO inhibitor, has been proposed as a therapeutic agent for COVID-19 due to its anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative properties.

JOURNAL OF INORGANIC BIOCHEMISTRY (2021)

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Letter Oncology

Bromelain inhibits SARS-CoV-2 infection via targeting ACE-2, TMPRSS2, and spike protein

Satish Sagar et al.

CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE (2021)

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Review Rheumatology

Adalimumab Biosimilars in the Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Systematic Review of the Evidence for Biosimilarity

Tom W. J. Huizinga et al.

Summary: Biologic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (bDMARDs) have significantly improved outcomes for patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), but many patients lack access to these treatments. Biosimilars offer a cost-effective alternative and studies have shown that they are highly similar to the reference products in terms of efficacy and safety for the treatment of RA and other chronic immune-mediated inflammatory diseases.

RHEUMATOLOGY AND THERAPY (2021)

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Article Immunology

Interactions between immune system and the microbiome of skin, blood and gut in pathogenesis of rosacea

Marie Isolde Joura et al.

Summary: Advancements in sequencing technologies have transformed our understanding of microbial environments in human skin, gastrointestinal tract, and blood, influencing metabolic processes, immune responses, and disease progression. In addition to changes in the skin microbiome, alterations in the intestinal and blood microbiome also play a role in the development of rosacea. Recent research has identified specific bacterial genera present in the microbiomes of rosacea patients, highlighting the complex interactions between the immune system and skin, gut, and blood microbiome.

ACTA MICROBIOLOGICA ET IMMUNOLOGICA HUNGARICA (2021)

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Article Hematology

COVID-19-induced endotheliitis: emerging evidence and possible therapeutic strategies

Eleonora Calabretta et al.

BRITISH JOURNAL OF HAEMATOLOGY (2021)

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Article Medicine, Research & Experimental

Paradoxical sex-specific patterns of autoantibody response to SARS-CoV-2 infection

Yunxian Liu et al.

Summary: The study found that prior SARS-CoV-2 infection, even in the absence of severe clinical disease, can lead to a broad AAB response that exhibits sex-specific patterns of prevalence and antigen selectivity. Further understanding of the triggered AAB activation among men and women exposed to SARS-CoV-2 will be essential for developing effective interventions against immune-mediated sequelae of COVID-19.

JOURNAL OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE (2021)

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Article Critical Care Medicine

Insights From Invasive Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing of Patients With Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Phillip Joseph et al.

Summary: This study revealed that ME/CFS patients exhibited lower right atrial pressures and peak oxygen uptake during exercise compared to control subjects. Two types of peripheral neurovascular dysregulation were identified as potential contributors to ME/CFS exertional intolerance: depressed cardiac output from impaired venous return and impaired peripheral oxygen extraction. Small-fiber neuropathy was found in a significant portion of ME/CFS patient biopsies, but the severity of denervation did not correlate with exertional measures.

CHEST (2021)

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Review Rheumatology

The role of extracellular vesicles in rheumatoid arthritis: a systematic review

Tommaso Schioppo et al.

Summary: The research suggests that the total number of EVs in the plasma and synovial fluid of RA patients appears to be higher compared to healthy controls, with subpopulations derived from platelets and immune cells. However, there is conflicting evidence regarding miRNA expression and EV content profile in RA patients. Additionally, EVs were found to enhance pro-inflammatory pathways, but TNF blockade seemed to reverse this effect. Standardizing study methodologies is deemed necessary to draw clear conclusions.

CLINICAL RHEUMATOLOGY (2021)

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Review Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology

The current status of biotechnological production and the application of a novel antioxidant ergothioneine

Yiwen Han et al.

Summary: Ergothioneine, a sulfur-containing histidine derivative, is widely used in the food and cosmetics industries for its excellent antioxidant properties. It plays a significant role in anti-aging and disease prevention. This review discusses the functions and applications of ergothioneine, its biosynthetic pathways, strategies for increasing production, efficient extraction and detection methods, as well as proposals for enhancing yield and future development prospects.

CRITICAL REVIEWS IN BIOTECHNOLOGY (2021)

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Review Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Thrombosis and Coagulopathy in COVID-19

Juan Esteban Gomez-Mesa et al.

Summary: Since the outbreak of COVID-19 in Wuhan in December 2019, the virus has spread globally, leading to a pandemic declaration by the World Health Organization. Hospitalized patients with severe COVID-19 who have comorbidities and abnormal coagulation function are at higher risk of poor prognosis, while early anticoagulant treatment with low molecular weight heparin has been shown to significantly reduce mortality rates.

CURRENT PROBLEMS IN CARDIOLOGY (2021)

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Letter Respiratory System

Prevalence of pulmonary embolism in patients with COVID-19 at the time of hospital admission

Mitja Jevnikar et al.

EUROPEAN RESPIRATORY JOURNAL (2021)

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Review Food Science & Technology

Impact of cocoa flavanols on human health

Maria Angeles Martin et al.

Summary: The review summarizes human studies from the past two decades, indicating the potential beneficial effects of cocoa consumption on health and chronic diseases. However, the outcomes are not unequivocal, and the mechanisms of action are not fully understood. It remains unclear whether cocoa consumption should be recommended, and what is the appropriate dosage or duration.

FOOD AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY (2021)

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Article Peripheral Vascular Disease

Nailfold capillaroscopy: A sensitive method for evaluating microvascular involvement in children with SARS-CoV-2 infection

Figen Cakmak et al.

Summary: Abnormal capillary alterations were observed in COVID-19 and MIS-C patients, showing both similar and different aspects between these two spectra of SARS-CoV-2 infection. NVC appears to be a simple and non-invasive method for evaluating microvascular involvement.

MICROVASCULAR RESEARCH (2021)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Discovery of new therapeutic redox targets for cardioprotection against ischemia/reperfusion injury and heart failure

Andreas Daiber et al.

Summary: Global epidemiological studies have shown a shift towards chronic non-communicable diseases such as atherosclerosis and metabolic disorders, with ischemic heart disease being a leading cause of mortality and morbidity affecting 128 million people worldwide. Reactive oxygen species play a central role in ischemia/reperfusion damage but also have beneficial effects in cellular signaling, making redox therapy complex and challenging.

FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE (2021)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Polyphenols Targeting MAPK Mediated Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Rheumatoid Arthritis

Tapan Behl et al.

Summary: Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic autoimmune disorder that causes joint inflammation and limited physical function. Natural extracts with polyphenolic compounds show promise as adjuvant agents in managing RA due to their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.

MOLECULES (2021)

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Review Chemistry, Medicinal

Pharmacological Significance of Hesperidin and Hesperetin, Two Citrus Flavonoids, as Promising Antiviral Compounds for Prophylaxis Against and Combating COVID-19

Pawan K. Agrawal et al.

Summary: Hesperidin and hesperetin, as flavonoids found in citrus fruits, have shown potential as prophylactic agents by blocking multiple mechanisms of viral infection and replication, thus aiding host cells in resisting viral attacks.

NATURAL PRODUCT COMMUNICATIONS (2021)

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Review Immunology

The potential for Lactoferrin to reduce SARS-CoV-2 induced cytokine storm

Michal Zimecki et al.

Summary: The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by SARS-CoV-2, poses a serious global health threat with cytokine storm being a major factor in mortality. Lactoferrin has shown potential in suppressing cytokine storm and could be a promising approach in combating COVID-19 infection.

INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Combinatorial, additive and dose-dependent drug-microbiome associations

Sofia K. Forslund et al.

Summary: The study reveals that drugs have a greater explanatory power for variability in host and gut microbiome features than diseases during the transition from a healthy state to cardiometabolic disease. The effects of single medications, their combinations, and additive effects can shift the metabolome and microbiome towards a healthier state. The study also shows a quantitative relationship between the number of antibiotic courses prescribed and progression towards a microbiome state associated with the severity of cardiometabolic disease, providing new hypotheses for drug-host-microbiome interactions.

NATURE (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Unravelling the collateral damage of antibiotics on gut bacteria

Lisa Maier et al.

Summary: The study categorized the activity spectra of antibiotics in gut bacteria, revealing distinct inhibition patterns of different antibiotic classes. The findings suggest potential strategies to protect beneficial bacteria by screening for drugs that counteract antibiotic activity.

NATURE (2021)

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Article Infectious Diseases

Oxygen metabolism markers as predictors of mortality in severe COVID-19

Oleksandr Oliynyk et al.

Summary: Through comparing oxygen metabolism markers in patients with severe COVID-19, it was found that ScvO(2), VO2 and O2ER are good predictors of mortality.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES (2021)

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Article Immunology

Anti-inflammatory potential of Quercetin in COVID-19 treatment

Ali Saeedi-Boroujeni et al.

Summary: SARS-CoV-2, causing severe inflammatory pneumonia, is considered to have excessive inflammation as a risk factor, with cytokine storm playing a critical role in patient deaths. Quercetin may suppress inflammation by inhibiting the NLRP3 inflammasome, potentially serving as a treatment for severe inflammation and COVID-19 patients.

JOURNAL OF INFLAMMATION-LONDON (2021)

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Article Pharmacology & Pharmacy

Guidelines on the treatment with integrated traditional Chinese medicine and western medicine for severe coronavirus disease 2019

Zhi-Yu Li et al.

Summary: This article introduces the development of guidelines for the integrated treatment of severe COVID-19 with TCM and western medicine, based on the WHO handbook, the GRADE system, and the RIGHT reporting items. The aim is to provide clinical guidance and decision basis for healthcare professionals.

PHARMACOLOGICAL RESEARCH (2021)

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Letter Infectious Diseases

Chilblain-like acral lesions in long COVID-19: management and implications for understanding microangiopathy

Puja Mehta et al.

LANCET INFECTIOUS DISEASES (2021)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Attributes and predictors of long COVID

Carole H. Sudre et al.

Summary: Reports on long-lasting COVID-19 symptoms, known as 'long COVID', are increasing. Analysis of data from over 4,000 COVID-19 cases revealed that long COVID is more common in older individuals, those with higher body mass index, and females. Experiencing more than five symptoms in the first week of illness was associated with long COVID. A simple model showed promise in distinguishing between short and long COVID cases early in the disease.

NATURE MEDICINE (2021)

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Article Plant Sciences

Association between use of Qingfei Paidu Tang and mortality in hospitalized patients with COVID-19: A national retrospective registry study

Lihua Zhang et al.

Summary: The study showed that the use of Qingfei Paidu Tang (QPT) was associated with a significantly lower in-hospital mortality rate among patients with COVID-19, without additional risks of acute liver injury or acute kidney injury.

PHYTOMEDICINE (2021)

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Review Respiratory System

Role of extracellular vesicles in chronic lung disease

Anne Trappe et al.

Summary: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) play crucial roles in chronic lung diseases as mediators of intercellular communication and potential biomarkers and drug carriers. Research indicates that EVs are key players in inflammatory processes, offering new avenues for therapies and pathological investigations in a range of lung diseases.

THORAX (2021)

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Article Hematology

Risk of symptomatic venous thromboembolism in mild and moderate COVID-19: A comparison of two prospective European cohorts

Delphine Douillet et al.

Summary: This study assessed the rate and risk factors of symptomatic VTE in patients with mild and moderate COVID-19. It was found that patients with moderate COVID-19 had a higher risk of subsequent VTE after presenting to the emergency department. Age and hospitalization were identified as independent risk factors for symptomatic VTE.

THROMBOSIS RESEARCH (2021)

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Article Immunology

Mast Cell and Eosinophil Activation Are Associated With COVID-19 and TLR-Mediated Viral Inflammation: Implications for an Anti-Siglec-8 Antibody

Simon Gebremeskel et al.

Summary: The activation of MC and eosinophils are associated with inflammation in COVID-19, and anti-Siglec-8 antibodies could be a potential therapeutic approach for reducing excessive inflammation during viral infections.

FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

High-resolution 3D imaging uncovers organ-specific vascular control of tissue aging

Junyu Chen et al.

Summary: Blood vessels play a crucial role in supporting tissue functions, but age-associated vascular changes and their connection to tissue aging remains poorly understood. Vessel density and pericyte numbers decline with age in multiple organs, except highly remodeling tissues like the skin which preserve their vasculature. Molecular changes in the endothelium drive vascular loss and influence pericyte to fibroblast differentiation.

SCIENCE ADVANCES (2021)

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Article Cell Biology

Characterization and Biomarker Analyses of Post-COVID-19 Complications and Neurological Manifestations

Bing Sun et al.

Summary: A study showed increased levels of plasma cytokines and nEV proteins in individuals recovering from COVID-19, potentially leading to neuronal dysfunction, especially in patients with neurological issues and those recovering from the infection. Longitudinal studies are needed to monitor these biomarkers to assess neural damage and systemic effects.

CELLS (2021)

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Article Nutrition & Dietetics

Beneficial Properties of Bromelain

Pawel Hikisz et al.

Summary: Bromelain, a major sulfhydryl proteolytic enzyme found in pineapple plants, has multiple therapeutic activities and may serve as a complementary therapy for COVID-19 and post-COVID-19 patients amidst the spread of novel variants of the SARS-CoV-2 virus.

NUTRIENTS (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Retinal vessels modifications in acute and post-COVID-19

Alessandro Invernizzi et al.

Summary: This study found that COVID-19 patients had significantly larger retinal vessel diameters during the acute phase, but decreased after recovery, remaining higher than unexposed subjects. The transient retinal vessels dilation may serve as a biomarker for systemic inflammation, while long-term changes in severe COVID-19 could reflect irreversible structural damage to the vessel walls.

SCIENTIFIC REPORTS (2021)

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Letter Medicine, General & Internal

Sequelae in Adults at 6 Months After COVID-19 Infection

Jennifer K. Logue et al.

JAMA NETWORK OPEN (2021)

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Article Environmental Sciences

Lactoferrin as Antiviral Treatment in COVID-19 Management: Preliminary Evidence

Elena Campione et al.

Summary: The study showed that oral and intranasal liposomal bovine Lf (bLf) had a significant antiviral effect on COVID-19 patients, leading to faster virus clearance, quicker clinical symptom recovery, and reduction in inflammatory markers levels in serum.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH (2021)

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Review Physiology

The oxygen dissociation curve of blood in COVID-19

Dieter Boening et al.

Summary: COVID-19 hinders oxygen transport to consuming tissues due to compromised hemoglobin saturation in the injured lung and anemia reducing oxygen delivery to tissues. Alterations in hemoglobin oxygen affinity and ODC shift have been observed, possibly due to formation of methemoglobin. Possible therapies discussed include substances to increase affinity, stimulate erythropoiesis, and prevent methemoglobin formation.

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LUNG CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR PHYSIOLOGY (2021)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Incidence, co-occurrence, and evolution of long-COVID features: A 6-month retrospective cohort study of 273,618 survivors of COVID-19

Maxime Taquet et al.

Summary: This study investigated the incidence and co-occurrence of long-COVID features in COVID-19 survivors, with comparisons to influenza patients, using electronic health records data. The findings showed that long-COVID clinical features were more commonly reported after COVID-19 infection, and differences were associated with sex, age, and illness severity.

PLOS MEDICINE (2021)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Long-COVID syndrome-associated brain fog and chemofog: Luteolin to the rescue

Theoharis C. Theoharides et al.

Summary: COVID-19 not only causes severe respiratory problems but also leads to long-COVID syndrome, with symptoms including cognitive dysfunction and fatigue, particularly brain fog. The pathogenesis of brain fog in these illnesses is currently unknown, but may involve neuroinflammation caused by mast cells, which could be mitigated by the phytosomal formulation of the natural flavonoid luteolin.

BIOFACTORS (2021)

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Review Medicine, Research & Experimental

The role of iron in the pathogenesis of COVID-19 and possible treatment with lactoferrin and other iron chelators

Hosam M. Habib et al.

Summary: Iron overload is increasingly seen as a contributor to the pathogenesis of COVID-19, triggering inflammation, hypercoagulation, hyperferritinemia, and immune dysfunction. Iron chelators, including the naturally occurring lactoferrin, may hold therapeutic value in COVID-19 by modulating the immune response and blocking the entry of coronaviruses into host cells.

BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY (2021)

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Article Environmental Sciences

Isoprostanes in wastewater as biomarkers of oxidative stress during COVID-19 pandemic

Isaac Bowers et al.

Summary: Isoprostanes are potential biomarkers for endogenous human metabolism, and a method for determining them in wastewater was validated during the first four months of the COVID-19 pandemic, showing increased levels of oxidative stress markers.

CHEMOSPHERE (2021)

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Letter Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein Impairs Endothelial Function via Downregulation of ACE 2

Yuyang Lei et al.

CIRCULATION RESEARCH (2021)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection: Caring for the 'long-haulers'

Susan Vehar et al.

Summary: Post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC) refers to the condition where an estimated 10% of COVID-19 survivors continue to experience symptoms several weeks to months after the appearance of initial symptoms. Common symptoms include fatigue, cough, dyspnea, chest tightness, difficulty concentrating, among others. Age, comorbid conditions, and COVID-19 severity are risk factors, but even young and previously healthy individuals with mild COVID-19 can be affected. Recognition of symptoms, evaluation, supportive treatment, and management of comorbidities are crucial in medical management.

CLEVELAND CLINIC JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2021)

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Article Clinical Neurology

Myopathic changes in patients with long-term fatigue after COVID-19

J. Agergaard et al.

Summary: The study found that long-term COVID-19 does not cause large fiber neuropathy, but myopathic changes are observed in patients. Myopathy may be an important cause of physical fatigue in long-term COVID-19 patients, even in those who were not hospitalized.

CLINICAL NEUROPHYSIOLOGY (2021)

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Article Pharmacology & Pharmacy

Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qingfei Paidu Decoction and Xuanfei Baidu Decoction, Inhibited Cytokine Production via NF-κB Signaling Pathway in Macrophages: Implications for Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Therapy

Yujia Li et al.

Summary: Qingfei Paidu decoction (QPD) and Xuanfei Baidu decoction (XBD) have robust anti-inflammatory activities in vitro, reducing pro-inflammatory cytokine expression, inhibiting NF-kappa B signaling pathway activation, and blunting macrophage pinocytosis activity.

FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY (2021)

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Editorial Material Pharmacology & Pharmacy

Editorial: Ethnopharmacological Responses to the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic

Jia-bo Wang et al.

FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY (2021)

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Article Physiology

Association Between Plasma Redox State/Mitochondria Function and a Flu-Like Syndrome/COVID-19 in the Elderly Admitted to a Long-Term Care Unit

Elena Grossini et al.

Summary: The study found that the redox state of the elderly was relatively balanced, mitochondrial function was associated with patient outcomes, and elderly patients with symptoms suggestive of COVID-19 had lower mitochondrial membrane potential.

FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY (2021)

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Review Immunology

Epstein-Barr Virus and the Origin of Myalgic Encephalomyelitis or Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Manuel Ruiz-Pablos et al.

Summary: Chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) affects approximately 1% of the general population and is characterized by chronic, disabling, multi-system disease with no effective treatment. The pathogenesis of ME/CFS may be related to cells with EBV latency evading immune surveillance, leading to altered cellular immunity and immune evasion mechanisms. Further research is needed to explore the possibility of anti-EBV therapies in selected ME/CFS patients.

FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY (2021)

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Editorial Material Obstetrics & Gynecology

Who said differentiating preeclampsia from COVID-19 infection was easy?

Aswathi Jayaram et al.

PREGNANCY HYPERTENSION-AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF WOMENS CARDIOVASCULAR HEALTH (2021)

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Article Immunology

Acquired decrease of the C3b/C4b receptor (CR1, CD35) and increased C4d deposits on erythrocytes from ICU COVID-19 patients

Aymric Kisserli et al.

Summary: The study observed decreased CR1 density and increased C4d deposits on erythrocytes of COVID-19 patients, which were associated with disease severity. This suggests that complement activation and inflammation play important roles in the pathophysiology of COVID-19.

IMMUNOBIOLOGY (2021)

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Review Medicine, General & Internal

Curcumin and rheumatoid arthritis: A systematic review of literature

Fatemeh Pourhabibi-Zarandi et al.

Summary: Studies have shown that pure curcumin has therapeutic effects on rheumatoid arthritis (RA) by inhibiting multiple signaling pathways involved in inflammation. Human study results demonstrate that curcumin significantly improves symptoms in RA patients, but further research is needed to confirm and determine the optimal dosage.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PRACTICE (2021)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Characterizing Long COVID: Deep Phenotype of a Complex Condition

Rachel R. Deer et al.

EBIOMEDICINE (2021)

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Review Medicine, General & Internal

Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS): An Overview

Undine-Sophie Deumer et al.

Summary: ME/CFS is a chronic systemic disease with various complex symptoms and varying severity. There are currently no reliable biomarkers for diagnosis, and the pathogenesis of the disease may be related to infectious, genetic, hormonal factors, gut microbiota, and non-coding RNA.

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE (2021)

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Review Dermatology

Chilblain-Like Lesions (CLL) Associated With COVID-19 (COVID Toes): A Systematic Review

Nadia Kashetsky et al.

Summary: This study summarized reports of chilblain-like lesions (CLL) coinciding with SARS-CoV-2 infection from 31 papers, representing 813 cases. Data showed an equal gender distribution among CLL patients with a mean age of 21 years, mainly presenting as erythematous to violaceous acral macules and plaques, with 15% testing positive for SARS-CoV-2.

JOURNAL OF CUTANEOUS MEDICINE AND SURGERY (2021)

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Article Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology

The green tea catechin epigallocatechin gallate inhibits SARS-CoV-2 infection

Lisa Henss et al.

Summary: EGCG showed antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2 by blocking virus entry and inhibiting infections, suggesting it could be a lead structure for developing more effective anti-COVID-19 drugs.

JOURNAL OF GENERAL VIROLOGY (2021)

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Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

COVID-19 patient plasma demonstrates resistance to tPA-induced fibrinolysis as measured by thromboelastography

Cheryl L. Maier et al.

Summary: Patients critically ill with COVID-19 have higher levels of fibrinogen in their plasma and show resistance to fibrinolysis induced by tPA, potentially reducing the clinical efficacy of thrombolytic therapy in COVID-19 patients.

JOURNAL OF THROMBOSIS AND THROMBOLYSIS (2021)

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Article Infectious Diseases

Post-acute effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection in individuals not requiring hospital admission: a Danish population-based cohort study

Lars Christian Lund et al.

Summary: This study examined prescription drug and healthcare utilization among individuals in Denmark who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 but did not require hospital admission. The study found that these individuals had a low risk of severe post-acute complications, but showed increases in visits to general practitioners and outpatient hospital visits, indicating potential COVID-19 sequelae.

LANCET INFECTIOUS DISEASES (2021)

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Article Medicine, Research & Experimental

Persistent SARS-2 infections contribute to long COVID-19

John J. L. Jacobs

Summary: COVID-19 is a serious disease that has infected more than 40 million people, with long COVID possibly being caused by persistent systemic infection.

MEDICAL HYPOTHESES (2021)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Off-label tocilizumab and adjuvant iron chelator effectiveness in a group of severe COVID-19 pneumonia patients A single center experience

Victoria Birlutiu et al.

Summary: This study retrospectively analyzed 25 patients with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection and severe pneumonia, finding that off-label use of TCZ in severe and critical cases had good results, especially in younger patients. The addition of adjuvant iron chelators showed a positive trend in outcomes.

MEDICINE (2021)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Silent hypoxia in COVID-19: pathomechanism and possible management strategy

Ahsab Rahman et al.

Summary: Silent hypoxia in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection, is a severe health issue with exceptionally high risk due to lack of dyspnoea and extremely low oxygen saturation level. Despite the prevalent cases among COVID-19 patients, the underlying pathomechanism behind this condition remains unclear. Early diagnosis and strict day-to-day monitoring are crucial while clinicians and researchers work towards understanding the exact reasons behind this phenomenon.

MOLECULAR BIOLOGY REPORTS (2021)

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Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Arterial and Venous Thrombosis Complicated in COVID-19: A Retrospective Single Center Analysis in Japan

Seiya Oba et al.

Summary: This study revealed that elevated levels of D-dimer and ferritin are useful biomarkers for thrombosis in COVID-19 patients. The incidence of thrombosis was higher in patients with severe respiratory conditions, and anticoagulation therapy was associated with better outcomes. Further studies are needed to identify high-risk populations and interventions for thrombotic complications in COVID-19.

FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE (2021)

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Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Long COVID 19 Syndrome: Is It Related to Microcirculation and Endothelial Dysfunction? Insights From TUN-EndCOV Study

Salma Charfeddine et al.

Summary: COVID-19 disease can cause endothelial dysfunction, leading to long-term sequelae. Research suggests that long COVID-19 symptoms are closely related to abnormal endothelial function, with endothelial dysfunction being an independent risk factor for long COVID-19 syndrome.

FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE (2021)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Post-acute COVID-19 syndrome

Ani Nalbandian et al.

Summary: SARS-CoV-2 is responsible for the COVID-19 pandemic, causing global healthcare crises. Recovery from COVID-19 may lead to persistent symptoms and long-term complications, prompting the need for multidisciplinary care and follow-up for survivors.

NATURE MEDICINE (2021)

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Review Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Review of Oxygenation with Nanobubbles: Possible Treatment for Hypoxic COVID-19 Patients

Ronak Afshari et al.

Summary: This review highlights the increasing application of nanobubbles in oxygenation of hypoxic patients, discussing their multimodal functions and potential benefits and challenges in treating patients with acute hypoxemic respiratory failure, particularly due to COVID-19.

ACS APPLIED NANO MATERIALS (2021)

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Review Pharmacology & Pharmacy

Myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS): Where will the drugs come from?

Peter L. Toogood et al.

Summary: ME/CFS is a chronic debilitating disease characterized by severe fatigue, pain, sleep disruption, and cognitive dysfunction. Current treatments focus on symptom management and addressing psychological sequelae, with ongoing efforts towards identifying effective therapies and understanding the mechanistic basis of the disease.

PHARMACOLOGICAL RESEARCH (2021)

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Review Chemistry, Medicinal

New perspectives on natural flavonoids on COVID-19-induced lung injuries

Fernanda Paula R. Santana et al.

Summary: This review highlights the effects of flavonoids in controlling pulmonary diseases, particularly acute respiratory distress syndrome, and their potential use in coronavirus-related diseases. Furthermore, the relationship between biological potential and chemical aspects of related flavonoids is discussed, along with possible mechanisms of action on COVID-19.

PHYTOTHERAPY RESEARCH (2021)

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Article Virology

Recurrence of Upper Extremity Deep Vein Thrombosis Secondary to COVID-19

Yesha H. Parekh et al.

Summary: Infection with SARS-CoV-2 leading to COVID-19 can cause hyperinflammatory and hypercoagulable states, resulting in arterial and venous thromboembolic events. Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) has been reported in COVID-19 patients, with most cases occurring in the lower extremities. This report describes the first documented case of upper extremity DVT recurrence secondary to COVID-19 infection.

VIRUSES-BASEL (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Differences in coagulopathy indices in patients with severe versus non-severe COVID-19: a meta-analysis of 35 studies and 6427 patients

Alberto Polimeni et al.

Summary: The study found that severe COVID-19 infection is associated with higher D-dimer values, lower platelet count, and prolonged prothrombin time. These results suggest a possible role of disseminated intravascular coagulation in the pathogenesis of COVID-19 disease complications.

SCIENTIFIC REPORTS (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Metabolomics analysis reveals a modified amino acid metabolism that correlates with altered oxygen homeostasis in COVID-19 patients

Jose C. Paez-Franco et al.

Summary: Using gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry, we identified significant changes in serum metabolites associated with severe and mild COVID-19 patients, particularly in altered amino acid catabolism. The study found that three alpha-hydroxyl acids of amino acid origin increased with disease severity, correlating with changes in oxygen saturation levels and clinical markers of lung damage. The conversion of alpha-keto acids to alpha-hydroxyl acids is suggested to play a role in maintaining NAD recycling in patients with altered oxygen levels during SARS-CoV-2 infection, highlighting the potential importance of amino acid supplementation.

SCIENTIFIC REPORTS (2021)

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Article Behavioral Sciences

Fatigue After Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: Clinical Characteristics and Associated Factors in Patients With Good Outcome

Elin Western et al.

Summary: Fatigue after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) is a common, long-lasting sequela that is often considered among the most disabling symptoms by patients. It is associated with mood disorders, health-related quality of life, weight gain, and return to work. Fatigue mainly manifests as low motivation, mental fatigue, and sensitivity to stress.

FRONTIERS IN BEHAVIORAL NEUROSCIENCE (2021)

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Article Biology

Early postmortem mapping of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in patients with COVID-19 and the correlation with tissue damage

Stefanie Deinhardt-Emmer et al.

Summary: COVID-19 is a systemic disease, and viral RNA distribution was found in both pulmonary and extrapulmonary tissues and organs, with high viral loads in the lungs. This supports the hypothesis of maladaptive host response with viremia and multiorgan dysfunction.

ELIFE (2021)

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Review Pharmacology & Pharmacy

Curcumin as a Potential Treatment for COVID-19

Brune A. C. Rattis et al.

Summary: COVID-19 is a highly infectious disease with high mortality rates, posing challenges in patient management. Curcumin, a natural compound with multiple mechanisms of action, is considered beneficial in the treatment of COVID-19.

FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY (2021)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Incidence and risk factors of long COVID in the UK: a single-centre observational study

Arvind Nune et al.

Summary: Long COVID is common in discharged patients and can last up to 9 months. Fatigue and breathlessness are the most common symptoms experienced.

JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS OF EDINBURGH (2021)

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Review Immunology

Metabolic Control of Autoimmunity and Tissue Inflammation in Rheumatoid Arthritis

Jingtao Qiu et al.

Summary: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) develops in three distinct stages, involving dysfunction of T cells and B cells, tissue invasion, and tissue destruction. Metabolic mis-regulation is a key pathogenic pathway in all phases of RA, with defective DNA repair and misbalanced metabolic pathways contributing to autoimmunity and tissue inflammation. Targeting metabolic abnormalities may offer a novel treatment strategy for autoimmune diseases like RA.

FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY (2021)

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Review Immunology

Platelets in HIV: A Guardian of Host Defence or Transient Reservoir of the Virus?

Etheresia Pretorius

Summary: Platelets play important roles in the immune and inflammatory responses to HIV-1 and its envelope proteins, potentially inhibiting viral replication and acting as reservoirs for the virus. Complex formation between platelets, immune cells, and erythrocytes initiated by HIV-1 envelope proteins and inflammatory molecules can increase thrombotic risk. Ultimately, HIV-1 infection can result in platelet depletion and thrombocytopenia.

FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY (2021)

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Review Immunology

Efficacy and Safety of Adalimumab Biosimilars: Current Critical Clinical Data in Rheumatoid Arthritis

XiaoQin Lu et al.

Summary: "Seven biosimilars of adalimumab approved for rheumatoid arthritis treatment by FDA and/or EMA have shown similar efficacy, safety, and immunogenicity to adalimumab, with switching trials indicating no significant impact on these factors."

FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY (2021)

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Article Hematology

COVID-19-associated coagulopathy and antithrombotic agents-lessons after 1 year

Jenneke Leentjens et al.

Summary: There is a high incidence of venous thromboembolism in COVID-19 patients, with treatment strategies varying based on patient severity and treatment stage. High-quality evidence on antithrombotic therapy in COVID-19 patients is emerging, with ongoing studies expected to provide further guidance for clinicians.

LANCET HAEMATOLOGY (2021)

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Article Clinical Neurology

Persistent neurologic symptoms and cognitive dysfunction in non-hospitalized Covid-19 long haulers

Edith L. Graham et al.

Summary: This study investigated the neurologic manifestations in non-hospitalized Covid-19 long haulers, revealing prominent symptoms such as brain fog and fatigue which negatively affect their cognition and quality of life.

ANNALS OF CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL NEUROLOGY (2021)

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Article Microbiology

Baicalein and Baicalin Inhibit SARS-CoV-2 RNA-Dependent-RNA Polymerase

Keivan Zandi et al.

Summary: COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2, has become a global pandemic with no effective antiviral treatment available. Studies have shown that baicalein and baicalin exhibit significant antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2 and could potentially be developed as therapeutic agents for COVID-19.

MICROORGANISMS (2021)

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Editorial Material Cell Biology

Long COVID: an estrogen-associated autoimmune disease?

Elena Ortona et al.

CELL DEATH DISCOVERY (2021)

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Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Serial EXTEM, FIBTEM, and tPA Rotational Thromboelastometry Observations in the Maastricht Intensive Care COVID Cohort-Persistence of Hypercoagulability and Hypofibrinolysis Despite Anticoagulation

Anne-Marije Hulshof et al.

Summary: This study found that ROTEM tests in COVID-19 ICU patients show persistent hypercoagulability and severe hypofibrinolysis lasting for at least 6 weeks.

FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE (2021)

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Article Physiology

Erythrocytes identify complement activation in patients with COVID-19

L. K. Metthew Lam et al.

Summary: The study found increased deposition of C3b and C4d on erythrocytes in both COVID-19 sepsis patients and non-COVID sepsis patients, indicating the role of complement in sepsis-associated organ injury. The data suggest that erythrocytes may contribute to a precision medicine approach to sepsis and have diagnostic value.

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LUNG CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR PHYSIOLOGY (2021)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Natto extract, a Japanese fermented soybean food, directly inhibits viral infections including SARS-CoV-2 in vitro

Mami Oba et al.

Summary: The study demonstrated that a protease present in natto extract inhibits SARS-CoV-2 and BHV-1 infection by degrading viral proteins. However, heat treatment of the natto extract reverses this inhibitory effect.

BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS (2021)

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Review Medicine, Research & Experimental

Flavonoids against the SARS-CoV-2 induced inflammatory storm

Alena Liskova et al.

Summary: Flavonoids have the potential to modulate important signaling pathways crucial for COVID-19, particularly related to inflammation and immunity, by regulating inflammatory mediators, inhibiting endothelial activation, and impacting the activation of various factors like Nrf2 and ACE-2.

BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY (2021)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

SARS-CoV-2 spike protein S1 induces fibrin(ogen) resistant to fibrinolysis: implications for microclot formation in COVID-19

Lize M. Grobbelaar et al.

Summary: This study suggests that the presence of spike protein in circulation may contribute to hypercoagulation in COVID-19 patients, leading to substantial impairment of fibrinolysis. The spike protein may directly interact with platelets and fibrin(ogen), causing blood hypercoagulation and persistence of large microclots in patients. Understanding this mechanism is crucial for the treatment of hypercoagulability in COVID-19 patients.

BIOSCIENCE REPORTS (2021)

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Article Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology

Heterologous expression of nattokinase from B. subtilis natto using Pichia pastoris GS115 and assessment of its thrombolytic activity

Yan Guangbo et al.

Summary: Through the Pichia pastoris heterologous expression system, this study successfully expressed nattokinase at high levels and demonstrated its fibrinolytic activity in vivo. The optimized expression system showed stable and high yields, as well as high thermal and pH stability, with potential clinical applications.

BMC BIOTECHNOLOGY (2021)

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Article Primary Health Care

Recommendations for the recognition, diagnosis, and management of long COVID: a Delphi study

Martine Nurek et al.

Summary: In the absence of specific therapies and care pathways for long COVID, a rapid expert guide was provided through a Delphi study with primary and secondary care doctors in the UK. Thirty-three clinicians representing 14 specialties reached consensus on 35 recommendations, emphasizing the need for GPs to consider a wide range of symptoms, conduct thorough history and examination, and individualized rehabilitation for long COVID patients.

BRITISH JOURNAL OF GENERAL PRACTICE (2021)

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Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Persistent clotting protein pathology in Long COVID/Post-Acute Sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC) is accompanied by increased levels of antiplasmin

Etheresia Pretorius et al.

Summary: Individuals with Long COVID/PASC may exhibit persistent symptoms due to the presence of persistent circulating plasma microclots that are resistant to fibrinolysis, including fatigue, shortness of breath, sleep issues, and anxiety or depression.

CARDIOVASCULAR DIABETOLOGY (2021)

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Article Critical Care Medicine

Pulmonary Thrombosis and Thromboembolism in COVID-19

Hooman D. Poor

Summary: COVID-19 is associated with a significantly increased risk of pulmonary thrombosis, possibly driven by a hypercoagulable state and vascular injury. Some patients with COVID-19 may have hypoxemia that is disproportionate to impairment in lung compliance. Diagnosing PE in patients with COVID-19 can be challenging, leading many hospitals to implement aggressive anticoagulation protocols.

CHEST (2021)

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Review Respiratory System

COVID-19 and coagulopathy

Malay Sarkar et al.

Summary: SARS-CoV-2, responsible for the COVID-19 pandemic, has led to a heightened risk of thromboembolic complications in infected individuals worldwide, overwhelming healthcare systems. Various mechanisms, such as inflammation and hypercoagulability, contribute to the increased risk of thrombosis in COVID-19 patients.

CLINICAL RESPIRATORY JOURNAL (2021)

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Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Pulmonary embolism in patients with COVID-19: incidence, risk factors, clinical characteristics, and outcome

Oscar Miro et al.

Summary: In this study, the incidence, risk factors, clinical characteristics, and outcomes of pulmonary embolism (PE) in COVID-19 patients attending emergency departments before hospitalization were investigated. PE incidence in COVID-19 patients was significantly higher compared to non-COVID-19 patients, with unique characteristics such as smaller pulmonary artery involvement and lower D-dimer increase. While PE in COVID-19 patients may not increase mortality, the mortality rate is higher in COVID-19 patients with PE compared to non-COVID-19 patients with PE.

EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL (2021)

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Review Infectious Diseases

Long COVID, a comprehensive systematic scoping review

Hossein Akbarialiabad et al.

Summary: This study provides a review of literature on Long COVID until January 30, 2021, revealing controversies in its definition and predominant symptoms such as fatigue, breathlessness, and arthralgia. Potential long-term sequelae include cutaneous, respiratory, cardiovascular involvement, among others.

INFECTION (2021)

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Review Immunology

Flavonoids, the compounds with anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties, as promising tools in multiple sclerosis (MS) therapy: A systematic review of preclinical evidence

Payam Bayat et al.

Summary: Research indicates that flavonoids can effectively alleviate the severity of multiple sclerosis and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, showing potential therapeutic effects and paving the way for improving MS therapeutic strategies.

INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY (2021)

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Review Medicine, General & Internal

The role of endotheliitis in COVID-19: Real-world experience of 11 190 patients and literature review for a pathophysiological map to clinical categorisation

Adem Dirican et al.

Summary: This study categorized 11,190 COVID-19 patients into three groups based on the repercussions of vascular distress. The characteristics and treatment strategies for seven representative and complicated cases were presented, shedding light on the different phases of the disease.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PRACTICE (2021)

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Article Infectious Diseases

Mast cell activation symptoms are prevalent in Long-COVID

Leonard B. Weinstock et al.

Summary: This study found that MCA symptoms were increased in LC patients after COVID-19 and mimicked the symptoms and severity reported by MCAS patients. This suggests that increased activation of aberrant mast cells induced by SARS-CoV-2 infection may underlie part of the pathophysiology of LC.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES (2021)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Melatonin as a Potential Adjuvant Treatment for COVID-19 beyond Sleep Disorders

Adam Wichniak et al.

Summary: Melatonin shows potential benefits in treating sleep disturbances related to COVID-19, reducing the risk of viral entry into cells, decreasing inflammation, limiting tissue damage, and enhancing vaccine efficacy. Randomized clinical trials are needed to confirm its clinical usefulness.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES (2021)

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Article Neurosciences

Chronic fatigue syndrome: an emerging sequela in COVID-19 survivors?

Elisa Mantovani et al.

Summary: The study found that 27% of SARS-CoV-2 survivors exhibit symptoms resembling ME/CFS, with these individuals showing worse sleep quality, fatigue, pain, depressive symptoms, and cognitive complaints. This raises concerns about a potential future pandemic of ME/CFS-like symptoms in SARS-CoV-2 survivors.

JOURNAL OF NEUROVIROLOGY (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Presence of a SARS-CoV-2 Protein Enhances Amyloid Formation of Serum Amyloid A

Asis K. Jana et al.

Summary: The severity and progression of COVID-19 can be indicated by the overexpression of serum amyloid A (SAA), which may pose a risk for SAA amyloidosis. Studies suggest that SARS-CoV-2 infections may lead to a long-term risk of SAA amyloidosis and related pathologies.

JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B (2021)

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Article Hematology

Persistent endotheliopathy in the pathogenesis of long COVID syndrome

Helen Fogarty et al.

Summary: The study found that endothelial cell activation may persist in convalescent COVID-19 patients and may contribute to the pathogenesis of long COVID. This sustained endotheliopathy was more common in older, comorbid patients, and those requiring hospitalization, indicating a potential link between endothelial dysfunction and long-term COVID symptoms.

JOURNAL OF THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS (2021)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Risk of acute myocardial infarction and ischaemic stroke following COVID-19 in Sweden: a self-controlled case series and matched cohort study

Ioannis Katsoularis et al.

Summary: This study in Sweden quantified the risk of acute myocardial infarction and ischaemic stroke associated with COVID-19, finding a significant correlation.

LANCET (2021)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: Essentials of Diagnosis and Management

Lucinda Bateman et al.

Summary: Despite a lack of appropriate clinical guidance for ME/CFS, recent developments including new diagnostic criteria and the withdrawal of graded exercise and cognitive-behavioral therapy as treatment options show promise for improving the diagnosis and management of the condition. The increase in patients experiencing symptoms similar to ME/CFS after acute COVID-19 has brought more attention to the need for better understanding and treatment of ME/CFS.

MAYO CLINIC PROCEEDINGS (2021)

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Article Neurosciences

Mitochondrial Quality Control in Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury

Mimi Wu et al.

Summary: Ischemic stroke is a major cause of death and disability worldwide. Reperfusion therapy is standard for ischemic stroke, but can exacerbate neuronal damage through mitochondrial dysfunction. Mitochondrial quality control and mitophagy play crucial roles in preventing neuronal damage and maintaining a healthy mitochondrial network in cerebral I/R injury.

MOLECULAR NEUROBIOLOGY (2021)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

The Transporter-Mediated Cellular Uptake and Efflux of Pharmaceutical Drugs and Biotechnology Products: How and Why Phospholipid Bilayer Transport Is Negligible in Real Biomembranes

Douglas B. Kell

Summary: Through years of research, it has been realized that the likelihood of pharmaceutical drugs diffusing through intact biological membranes is very low, mainly due to the high concentration of proteins in biomembranes and the presence of various transporters. These findings are important for drug targeting and biotechnology.

MOLECULES (2021)

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News Item Multidisciplinary Sciences

FOUR KEY QUESTIONS ABOUT LONG COVID

Michael Marshall

Summary: Scientists are gaining insights into the long-term effects of SARS-CoV-2 on some infected individuals, but many mysteries surrounding this issue remain unsolved.

NATURE (2021)

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News Item Multidisciplinary Sciences

COVID AND THE BRAIN: RESEARCHERS ZERO IN ON HOW DAMAGE OCCURS

Michael Marshall

NATURE (2021)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Long COVID in a prospective cohort of home-isolated patients

Bjorn Blomberg et al.

Summary: An analysis of patients with SARS-CoV-2 infections in Bergen, Norway, revealed that a high proportion of patients experienced long-term COVID symptoms at 6 months, even though they were relatively young and had only mild to moderate acute COVID-19 symptoms. This highlights the significance of infection control measures, such as vaccination.

NATURE MEDICINE (2021)

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Article Dermatology

COVID toes: A meta-analysis of case and observational studies on clinical, histopathological, and laboratory findings

Kelvin Oliveira Rocha et al.

Summary: This study evaluated and summarized the clinical, laboratory, and histopathological characteristics of pernio-like skin lesions associated with COVID-19 infection. The results showed that these lesions mostly occurred in pediatric patients, and the characteristics differed between pediatric and non-pediatric populations. There may be a multifactorial component in the pathophysiology of pernio-like lesions.

PEDIATRIC DERMATOLOGY (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 in a non-hospitalized cohort: Results from the Arizona CoVHORT

Melanie L. Bell et al.

Summary: Clinical presentation, outcomes, and duration of COVID-19 vary greatly among individuals. Most PASC research has focused on hospitalized patients. A population-based study in Arizona found that 68.7% of non-hospitalized individuals experienced PASC symptoms 30 days post-infection, with fatigue, shortness-of-breath, brain fog, and stress/anxiety being the most common symptoms.

PLOS ONE (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Redox imbalance links COVID-19 and myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome

Bindu D. Paul et al.

Summary: The review summarizes evidence of biological abnormalities in patients with acute COVID-19 and ME/CFS, including redox imbalance, systemic inflammation, neuroinflammation, impaired ATP generation, and general hypometabolism. Although these phenomena have not been extensively studied in individuals with long COVID-19, understanding these abnormalities may lead to the development of novel therapeutics.

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (2021)

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Article Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging

Pulmonary Embolism in Hospitalized Patients with COVID-19: A Multicenter Study

Sadjad Riyahi et al.

Summary: This study aimed to determine the incidence of PE in patients with COVID-19, revealing that 25% of COVID-19 patients were diagnosed with PE. The study also found that PE was associated with male sex, smoking, as well as increased levels of d-dimer, lactate dehydrogenase, ferritin, and interleukin-6. Additionally, d-dimer levels greater than 1600 ng/mL showed high sensitivity in identifying patients who required CT pulmonary angiography.

RADIOLOGY (2021)

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Article Hematology

Iron metabolism in infections: Focus on COVID-19

Domenico Girelli et al.

Summary: Iron is a micronutrient essential for metabolic processes and plays a crucial role in infections. Hepcidin subtracts iron from pathogens by sequestering it into host cells. Iron metabolism affects immune cells' functionality and the immune response.

SEMINARS IN HEMATOLOGY (2021)

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Article Hematology

Incidence and mortality due to thromboembolic events during the COVID-19 pandemic: Multi-sourced population-based health records cohort study

Suleman Aktaa et al.

Summary: During the COVID-19 pandemic, there was a significant increase in both the incidence and mortality of thrombo-embolic events, particularly driven by pulmonary embolism. COVID-19 patients were more likely to experience TE, and the mortality rate in the community was higher, highlighting potential adverse outcomes related to delays in seeking medical assessment.

THROMBOSIS RESEARCH (2021)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Insights from myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome may help unravel the pathogenesis of postacute COVID-19 syndrome

Anthony L. Komaroff et al.

Summary: SARS-CoV-2 infection can lead to chronic and acute diseases, with postacute sequelae including potential organ damage and symptoms, as well as a post-COVID19 syndrome called 'long COVID' resembling ME/CFS symptoms.

TRENDS IN MOLECULAR MEDICINE (2021)

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Article Medicine, Research & Experimental

Platelet-derived extracellular vesicles promote the migration and invasion of rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast-like synoviocytes via CXCR2 signaling

Wenwen Wang et al.

Summary: The study suggests that PEVs may promote migration and invasion of RA-FLS by activating the NF-kappa B pathway mediated through the CXCR2 signaling pathway.

EXPERIMENTAL AND THERAPEUTIC MEDICINE (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Protective Action of L. salivarius SGL03 and Lactoferrin against COVID-19 Infections in Human Nasopharynx

Marzena Kucia et al.

Summary: The study used live viral particles from oral secretions to test the inhibitory effect of Salistat SGL03 on SARS-CoV-2, showing promising potential for further research on the anti-viral properties of the dietary supplement.

MATERIALS (2021)

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Article Nutrition & Dietetics

Data Recorded in Real Life Support the Safety of Nattokinase in Patients with Vascular Diseases

Giuseppe Gallelli et al.

Summary: This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of nattokinase in patients admitted to vascular surgery, showing improvement in clinical symptoms without adverse reactions or new vascular disease cases. Regular monitoring and dose adjustment are important for the safe administration of fibrinolytic drugs in patients.

NUTRIENTS (2021)

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Article Nutrition & Dietetics

The Association of Low Vitamin K Status with Mortality in a Cohort of 138 Hospitalized Patients with COVID-19

Allan Linneberg et al.

Summary: The study found an association between low levels of vitamin K and higher mortality risk in COVID-19 patients, which was statistically significant after adjusting for gender and age. However, this association weakened and became non-significant when considering comorbidities.

NUTRIENTS (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Clinical characterization of dysautonomia in long COVID-19 patients

Nicolas Barizien et al.

Summary: Heart rate variability assessment in long COVID-19 patients revealed signs of autonomic dysregulation, suggesting a potential explanation for persistent symptoms in these individuals.

SCIENTIFIC REPORTS (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Mortality and risk factors associated with pulmonary embolism in coronavirus disease 2019 patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Carlos Andres Gomez et al.

Summary: The study identified risk factors associated with PE in COVID-19 patients and supported the therapeutic benefit of anticoagulant prophylaxis against PE in this patient population.

SCIENTIFIC REPORTS (2021)

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Editorial Material Microbiology

Is There a Connection Between Gut Microbiome Dysbiosis Occurring in COVID-19 Patients and Post-COVID-19 Symptoms?

Kai Hilpert et al.

FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY (2021)

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Article Microbiology

Microbiome in Blood Samples From the General Population Recruited in the MARK-AGE Project: A Pilot Study

Patrizia D'Aquila et al.

Summary: The study for the first time analyzed the circulating microbiome in a large sample, indicating an association between microbial DNA copy number and geographic origin, as well as a significant positive correlation with Free Fatty Acids levels, leukocyte count, insulin, and glucose levels.

FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY (2021)

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Review Microbiology

Long COVID or Post-acute Sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC): An Overview of Biological Factors That May Contribute to Persistent Symptoms

Amy D. Proal et al.

Summary: The novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 has led to a pandemic of COVID-19, with some patients developing persistent symptoms known as Long COVID or PASC. These patients may have different underlying biological factors driving their symptoms, such as organ damage, persistent viral reservoirs, re-activation of pathogens, and immune dysregulation. Therapeutic approaches may need to be individualized to effectively manage care for specific patients with PASC.

FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY (2021)

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Article Pharmacology & Pharmacy

Clemastine Fumarate Attenuates Myocardial Ischemia Reperfusion Injury Through Inhibition of Mast Cell Degranulation

Shuqi Meng et al.

Summary: This study demonstrates that clemastine fumarate attenuates myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury by inhibiting mast cell degranulation. Pretreatment with CLE significantly improves cardiac function and reduces cytotoxicity, reversing the damage caused by I/R.

FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY (2021)

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Review Pharmacology & Pharmacy

Efficacy and Safety of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Heping Wang et al.

Summary: This study summarizes the latest evidence of TCM in COVID-19, showing that TCM plus routine treatment is significantly better than routine treatment alone in clinical cure and chest image improvement, while reducing the occurrence of some severe conditions. There was no overall significant difference in safety outcomes between the two groups.

FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY (2021)

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Editorial Material Pharmacology & Pharmacy

Serratiopeptidase, A Serine Protease Anti-Inflammatory, Fibrinolytic, and Mucolytic Drug, Can Be a Useful Adjuvant for Management in COVID-19

Charu Sharma et al.

FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY (2021)

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Article Immunology

Potential Therapeutic Benefit of Low Dose Naltrexone in Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: Role of Transient Receptor Potential Melastatin 3 Ion Channels in Pathophysiology and Treatment

Helene Cabanas et al.

Summary: The study found that ME/CFS patients taking LDN had restored TRPM3-like ionic currents in NK cells, suggesting LDN may be a potential treatment for ME/CFS. The therapeutic effect of LDN in regulating the underlying mechanisms involving TRPM3 and opioid receptors in NK cells was highlighted. This study may lead to the repurpose of marketed drugs and support prospective randomized clinical studies on the role and dose of NTX in treating ME/CFS patients.

FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY (2021)

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Review Immunology

Nutraceutical Approach to Preventing Coronavirus Disease 2019 and Related Complications

Giuseppe Derosa et al.

Summary: Although a specific and effective cure for COVID-19 is still in progress, selected nutraceuticals could be helpful in preventing some COVID-19-related complications in infected patients, in addition to pharmacological therapy.

FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY (2021)

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Article Infectious Diseases

N-acetyl-cysteine reduces the risk for mechanical ventilation and mortality in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia: a two-center retrospective cohort study

Stelios F. Assimakopoulos et al.

Summary: Oral NAC administration reduces the risk of progression to severe respiratory failure and mortality in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia. NAC significantly decreases 14- and 28-day mortality in severe disease patients.

INFECTIOUS DISEASES (2021)

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Article Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

Post-Acute Sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 Infection Among Adults Aged ≥18 Years — Long Beach, California, April 1–December 10, 2020

Kyle Yomogida et al.

MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT (2021)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Decreased availability of nitric oxide and hydrogen sulfide is a hallmark of COVID-19

Paari Dominic et al.

Summary: The study observed significantly reduced levels of NO and H2S in COVID-19 patients, with higher levels in deceased patients. Free sulfide levels were found to be highly predictive of COVID-19 infection.

REDOX BIOLOGY (2021)

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Review Medicine, General & Internal

Role of Iron Chelation and Protease Inhibition of Natural Products on COVID-19 Infection

Giuseppe Carota et al.

Summary: This review focuses on the analysis of natural products that could act as both iron chelators and protease inhibitors to counteract SARS-CoV-2 infection, addressing the association between higher iron levels in respiratory diseases such as pulmonary fibrosis and viral infection.

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE (2021)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Evaluating Routine Blood Tests According to Clinical Symptoms and Diagnostic Criteria in Individuals with Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Ingrid H. Baklund et al.

Summary: There is a lack of research on blood tests in individuals with ME/CFS and between patients and healthy controls. This study aimed to compare routine blood test results between patients and controls. Patients with ME/CFS showed higher levels in certain blood markers, including sedimentation rate, leukocytes, lymphocytes, neutrophils, monocytes, ferritin, vitamin B12, calcium, alanine transaminase, low-density lipoproteins, and total proteins, while they had lower levels of potassium, creatinine, and creatine kinase compared to healthy controls, indicating potential muscle damage and metabolic abnormalities in ME/CFS patients.

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE (2021)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Ambulatory COVID-19 Patients Treated with Lactoferrin as a Supplementary Antiviral Agent: A Preliminary Study

Luigi Rosa et al.

Summary: Lactoferrin may be an important supplementary treatment for COVID-19, as it can shorten the time needed for SARS-CoV-2 RNA negativization, reduce symptoms, restore iron homeostasis, and exhibit antiviral activity when combined with other therapies. Experimental results show that patients treated with lactoferrin recover significantly faster.

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE (2021)

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Article Immunology

Vitamin K & D Deficiencies Are Independently Associated With COVID-19 Disease Severity

Ankita P. Desai et al.

Summary: This study found that vitamin K and vitamin D deficiencies were independently associated with worse severity of COVID-19 in patients, suggesting a potential synergistic interplay between these two vitamins in COVID-19.

OPEN FORUM INFECTIOUS DISEASES (2021)

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Article Medicine, Research & Experimental

Inflammation-type dysbiosis of the oral microbiome associates with the duration of COVID-19 symptoms and long COVID

John P. Haran et al.

Summary: In a study, it was found that patients with long COVID had higher abundance of bacteria in the oral microbiome that can induce inflammation, such as Prevotella and Veillonella genera. These microbes may be related to the development of ongoing symptoms in patients, and the oral microbiome of long COVID patients resembled that of patients with chronic fatigue syndrome.

JCI INSIGHT (2021)

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Article Immunology

Reactivation of Varicella Zoster Virus after Vaccination for SARS-CoV-2

Mina Psichogiou et al.

Summary: Seven immunocompetent patients over the age of 50 presented with herpes zoster infection within a median of 9 days (range 7-20) after receiving the COVID-19 vaccine. The occurrence of herpes zoster within 1-21 days after vaccination and the involvement of T cell-mediated immunity suggest that COVID-19 vaccination may be a probable cause of herpes zoster. These cases highlight the need for ongoing assessment of vaccine safety during the massive COVID-19 vaccination campaign and emphasize the importance of reporting and communicating any vaccination-associated adverse events.

VACCINES (2021)

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Review Immunology

Varicella Zoster Virus Reactivation Following COVID-19 Vaccination: A Systematic Review of Case Reports

Konstantinos Katsikas Triantafyllidis et al.

Summary: After receiving COVID-19 vaccines, some individuals may experience reactivation of varicella zoster virus (VZV) leading to herpes zoster (HZ), with hypertension and autoimmune conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis being common comorbidities. Treatment with oral valacyclovir is commonly used, and increased awareness and early recognition of this condition are crucial for optimal management.

VACCINES (2021)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): Key Emphasis on Melatonin Safety and Therapeutic Efficacy

Eva Ramos et al.

Summary: Viral infections such as COVID-19 disrupt the host's physiology, prompting an immune response. Melatonin is a potential protective agent due to its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and immune-stimulant properties, which could combat the oxidative activity and excessive production of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species in the body. By enhancing host protection responses during critical phases of the infective cycle, melatonin may offer multi-protection against current and emerging virus variants circulating within the population.

ANTIOXIDANTS (2021)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

N-Acetylcysteine (NAC): Impacts on Human Health

Micaely Cristina dos Santos Tenorio et al.

Summary: NAC is a widely used medication for treating paracetamol overdose and inflammatory diseases, known for its safety and antioxidant/anti-inflammatory effects. Its mechanisms of action include increasing intracellular glutathione levels and suppressing inflammatory cytokines.

ANTIOXIDANTS (2021)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Role of Fibrinolytic Enzymes in Anti-Thrombosis Therapy

Farwa Altaf et al.

Summary: Thrombosis, a major cause of deaths in the modern era, often requires treatment with classical drugs that may have unwanted side effects and high costs. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop novel and low-cost drugs for thrombosis treatment. Fibrinolytic enzymes, as potential compounds for thrombosis therapy, have the advantage of high efficacy in eliminating thrombi.

FRONTIERS IN MOLECULAR BIOSCIENCES (2021)

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Article Microbiology

Investigation of Long COVID Prevalence and Its Relationship to Epstein-Barr Virus Reactivation

Jeffrey E. Gold et al.

Summary: The study found a prevalence of 30.3% for long COVID symptoms among COVID-19 patients, with some initially asymptomatic patients developing long-term symptoms. Additionally, a significantly higher rate of EBV reactivation was observed in long COVID subjects compared to control subjects, suggesting a potential association between COVID-19 inflammation and EBV reactivation.

PATHOGENS (2021)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Salivary DNA Loads for Human Herpesviruses 6 and 7 Are Correlated With Disease Phenotype in Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Ji-Sook Lee et al.

Summary: ME/CFS is a complex chronic condition with possible links to herpes virus reactivation, with higher viral loads of HHV-6B and HHV-7 found in patients compared to healthy individuals.

FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE (2021)

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Review Medicine, General & Internal

Metformin in Patients With COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Yin Li et al.

Summary: Metformin use in COVID-19 patients was associated with a reduced risk of mortality and hospitalization, but not with intubation and deterioration. Randomized controlled trials are needed to confirm the findings.

FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE (2021)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Serum Metabolic Profile in Patients With Long-Covid (PASC) Syndrome: Clinical Implications

Evasio Pasini et al.

Summary: Patients with long-Covid syndrome exhibit abnormalities in blood markers related to coagulation, protein disarrangement, and inflammation, indicating ongoing metabolic alterations contributing to the persistence of PASC. Long-term elevated D-Dimer levels suggest potential risks for thromboembolic disease.

FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE (2021)

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Review Medicine, General & Internal

The Enterovirus Theory of Disease Etiology in Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: A Critical Review

Adam J. O'Neal et al.

Summary: ME/CFS is a complex and poorly understood disease, with research supporting a potential link to enterovirus infections, though inconsistent results and methodological limitations persist. Further studies using the latest molecular methods are urgently needed to explore the potential impact of chronic enterovirus infections on ME/CFS.

FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE (2021)

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Review Food Science & Technology

Bromelain, a Group of Pineapple Proteolytic Complex Enzymes (Ananas comosus) and Their Possible Therapeutic and Clinical Effects. A Summary

Carolina Varilla et al.

Summary: Bromelain is a complex mixture derived from pineapple that exhibits various pharmacological properties, such as anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, and anti-thrombotic effects. It is safe for oral administration with lack of significant side effects, making it beneficial for patients in treatment.

FOODS (2021)

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Article Veterinary Sciences

Metformin Inhibits Lipoteichoic Acid-Induced Oxidative Stress and Inflammation Through AMPK/NRF2/NF-κB Signaling Pathway in Bovine Mammary Epithelial Cells

Abdelaziz Adam Idriss Arbab et al.

Summary: The research demonstrates that metformin exerts anti-inflammatory and antioxidative stress effects in PBMECs by regulating the AMPK/Nrf2/NF-kappa B signaling pathway, highlighting the potential therapeutic role of AMPK in the treatment of bovine mastitis.

FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE (2021)

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Review Food Science & Technology

Research progress on the utilisation of embedding technology and suitable delivery systems for improving the bioavailability of nattokinase: A review

Xueqin Zhou et al.

Summary: Nattokinase, a thrombolytic drug, has advantages such as low price, high efficiency, and non-toxic side effects, but its efficacy is limited when orally administered due to sensitivity to gastric acid. Microcapsule technology can help overcome this limitation by enhancing acid resistance and storage stability of nattokinase through special structural properties.

FOOD STRUCTURE-NETHERLANDS (2021)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Bilateral Chilblain-like Lesions of the Toes Characterized by Microvascular Remodeling in Adolescents During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Valentina Discepolo et al.

Summary: This study investigated the association of chilblain-like lesions with SARS-CoV-2 infection in 17 adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic in Italy. The results did not support their association with SARS-CoV-2 infection, as the virus was excluded by molecular and serologic testing. Chilblain-like lesions in otherwise healthy adolescents were characterized by microvascular remodeling with perivascular lymphocytic infiltrate but no signs of vasculitis.

JAMA NETWORK OPEN (2021)

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Review Medicine, General & Internal

Assessment of the Frequency and Variety of Persistent Symptoms Among Patients With COVID-19 A Systematic Review

Tahmina Nasserie et al.

Summary: COVID-19 infection is associated with persistent symptoms such as shortness of breath, fatigue, and insomnia. Current studies on symptom persistence are highly heterogeneous, and future research needs longer follow-up, improved quality, and more standardized designs to accurately quantify risks.

JAMA NETWORK OPEN (2021)

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Article Immunology

Implications for Systemic Approaches to COVID-19: Effect Sizes of Remdesivir, Tocilizumab, Melatonin, Vitamin D3, and Meditation

Ryan D. Castle et al.

Summary: This review and analysis aimed to determine the efficacy of various interventions on inflammatory markers most affected by COVID-19, finding that adjunctive interventions had a higher impact rate on these markers and demonstrated superior effects; it also highlighted the importance of nonstandard adjunctive treatments like vitamin D3, melatonin, and meditation in the treatment of COVID-19.

JOURNAL OF INFLAMMATION RESEARCH (2021)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Long COVID-19 Syndrome: A Comprehensive Review of Its Effect on Various Organ Systems and Recommendation on Rehabilitation Plans

Zhipeng Yan et al.

Summary: While the majority of COVID-19 patients recover within a few weeks, a considerable number of patients continue to suffer from long-lasting symptoms. The severity of the initial infection may not be directly correlated with the likelihood and severity of long-term symptoms.

BIOMEDICINES (2021)

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Article Critical Care Medicine

Lactate is associated with mortality in very old intensive care patients suffering from COVID-19: results from an international observational study of 2860 patients

Raphael Romano Bruno et al.

Summary: The study revealed that elevated serum lactate is associated with higher ICU and 3-month mortality in older ICU patients with COVID-19, and the dynamics of lactate provide valuable tools for outcome prediction.

ANNALS OF INTENSIVE CARE (2021)

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Review Medicine, General & Internal

TEG(R), Microclot and Platelet Mapping for Guiding Early Management of Severe COVID-19 Coagulopathy

Gert Jacobus Laubscher et al.

Summary: The article discusses the systemic coagulation dysfunction in COVID-19 disease, especially the impact of platelet activation on clot formation, and emphasizes the importance of early intervention. It proposes using TEG and platelet mapping as guidelines for disease severity, and a multi-pronged approach is needed to maintain normal clotting physiology.

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE (2021)

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Review Neurosciences

A clinical primer for the expected and potential post-COVID-19 syndromes

Brian Walitt et al.

Summary: The COVID-19 pandemic has led to serious consequences for global health, causing excessive immune and coagulation responses, as well as organ damage in the respiratory, cardiovascular, and neurological systems. The unprecedented sociocultural impact of the pandemic may have long-term effects on neuroendocrine and immune functioning.

PAIN REPORTS (2021)

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Article Hematology

Periodontitis increases risk of viable bacteria in freshly drawn blood donations

Christian Damgaard et al.

Summary: Periodontitis correlates with viable bacteria in standard blood donations, with a higher risk of bacterial contamination in blood products from donors with periodontitis compared to periodontally healthy donors. Various bacterial species were detected in donations from periodontitis donors, predominantly in the RBC-fraction, indicating a potential limitation in routine screening methods for viable bacteria.

BLOOD TRANSFUSION (2021)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Management of Long-COVID Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome With Enhanced External Counterpulsation

Swathi Varanasi et al.

Summary: As the number of COVID-19 cases increases, some patients have been reported to develop POTS symptoms after the acute phase, requiring further treatment studies.

CUREUS JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCE (2021)

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Review Medicine, General & Internal

A General Overview on the Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy: Applications, Mechanisms and Translational Opportunities

Miguel A. Ortega et al.

Summary: HBOT utilizes pure oxygen at increased pressure to elevate oxygen levels in blood and tissues, potentially offering antimicrobial, immunomodulatory, and angiogenic effects. Further research in this field may expand the therapeutic applications of HBOT for a variety of conditions.

MEDICINA-LITHUANIA (2021)

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Review Ophthalmology

Ocular Adverse Events After COVID-19 Vaccination

Xin Le Ng et al.

Summary: The COVID-19 pandemic has accelerated the development of new vaccines, leading to reports of ocular adverse effects post-vaccination. These effects include various symptoms, with studies mainly based on retrospective case series or isolated case reports which show weak causal relationships. The ocular manifestations post-vaccination resemble those of the COVID-19 disease itself, suggesting an immune response involvement in the pathogenesis.

OCULAR IMMUNOLOGY AND INFLAMMATION (2021)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Cognitive deficits in people who have recovered from COVID-19

Adam Hampshire et al.

Summary: This study investigates cognitive deficits in individuals who have recovered from COVID-19, showing that even asymptomatic individuals exhibit significant cognitive impairments. This suggests a multi-domain impact of COVID-19 on human cognition.

ECLINICALMEDICINE (2021)

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Article Gastroenterology & Hepatology

The gut microbiome of COVID-19 recovered patients returns to uninfected status in a minority-dominated United States cohort

Rachel C. Newsome et al.

Summary: The study found significant differences in the fecal microbial composition between COVID-19 patients and controls, as well as between actively infected patients and recovered patients. Certain genera like Campylobacter and Klebsiella were enriched in COVID-19 patients with gastrointestinal symptoms. Additionally, a substantial proportion of COVID-19 patients tested positive for fecal SARS-CoV-2 RNA. Further research is needed to explore the functional impact of SARS-CoV-2 on gastrointestinal health.

GUT MICROBES (2021)

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Article Health Care Sciences & Services

Long Covid in adults discharged from UK hospitals after Covid-19: A prospective, multicentre cohort study using the ISARIC WHO Clinical Characterisation Protocol

Louise Sigfrid et al.

Summary: This study found that survivors of Covid-19 experienced long-term symptoms, new disability, increased breathlessness, and reduced quality of life. These findings were present in young, previously healthy working age adults, and were most common in younger females.

LANCET REGIONAL HEALTH-EUROPE (2021)

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Review Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

Characterising long COVID: a living systematic review

Melina Michelen et al.

Summary: Long COVID is a complex condition with prolonged and heterogeneous symptoms, including weakness, general malaise, fatigue, concentration impairment, and breathlessness. Approximately 37% of patients reported reduced quality of life, and 26% of studies presented evidence of reduced pulmonary function. There is an urgent need for further studies to explore the etiology, risk factors, and biomarkers of long COVID in different populations and settings.

BMJ GLOBAL HEALTH (2021)

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Article Medicine, Research & Experimental

Melatonin as an Add-On Treatment of COVID-19 Infection: Current Status

Gregory M. Brown et al.

Summary: Melatonin, initially discovered as a hormone derived from the pineal gland, is now recognized for its non-hormonal actions such as free radical scavenging, antioxidative properties, and immune modulation. Recent studies have shown promising results in using low doses of melatonin to improve symptoms in COVID-19 patients without significant side effects.

DISEASES (2021)

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Review Medicine, Research & Experimental

The effects of hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) on coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19): a systematic review

Shahram Oliaei et al.

Summary: This systematic review examined the efficacy and adverse events of hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) in patients with COVID-19. The results suggest that HBOT appears to be a safe and effective method for oxygenation, as most patients recovered and showed increased blood oxygen saturation after receiving HBOT. Further studies are needed to fully understand the effects and mechanisms of HBOT in COVID-19 treatment.

EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL RESEARCH (2021)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Characterizing long COVID in an international cohort: 7 months of symptoms and their impact

Hannah E. Davis et al.

Summary: Patients with Long COVID report prolonged, multisystem involvement and significant disability. By seven months, many patients have not yet recovered (mainly from systemic and neurological/cognitive symptoms), have not returned to previous levels of work, and continue to experience significant symptom burden.

ECLINICALMEDICINE (2021)

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Letter Medicine, General & Internal

Current status of hyperbaric oxygen therapy for COVID-19

Youichi Yanagawa

ACUTE MEDICINE & SURGERY (2021)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Long COVID: An overview

A. V. Raveendran et al.

Summary: Long COVID refers to the persistence of symptoms in individuals who have recovered from SARS-CoV-2 infection, possibly related to organ damage, post viral syndrome, etc. Clinical evaluation should focus on identifying the pathophysiology and appropriate remedial measures.

DIABETES & METABOLIC SYNDROME-CLINICAL RESEARCH & REVIEWS (2021)

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Article Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology

Diversity in Starvation Survival Strategies and Outcomes among Heterotrophic Proteobacteria

Megan Bergkessel et al.

Summary: Heterotrophic Proteobacteria are versatile opportunists that have been extensively studied. Surviving in different niches requires the ability to persist in growth-arrested states for long periods of time. The tendency to grow in dense biofilm communities leads to steep nutrient gradients, even in nutrient-rich environments.

MICROBIAL PHYSIOLOGY (2021)

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Review Medicine, General & Internal

Long COVID and Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS)-A Systemic Review and Comparison of Clinical Presentation and Symptomatology

Timothy L. Wong et al.

Summary: Early studies on long COVID symptoms show significant overlaps with ME/CFS, highlighting the need for monitoring and treatment. Further research into the similarities and differences between long COVID and ME/CFS is warranted.

MEDICINA-LITHUANIA (2021)

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Review Medicine, General & Internal

Diagnosis of mast cell activation syndrome: a global consensus-2

Lawrence B. Afrin et al.

Summary: In the past decade, recognition of mast cell activation syndrome (MCAS) has significantly increased, leading to two different proposals for diagnostic criteria. Consensus-1 and Consensus-2 are similar in some aspects but differ significantly in patient diagnosis. Therefore, accurately diagnosing MCAS remains a challenge.

DIAGNOSIS (2021)

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Review Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

Kawasaki Disease- Management Strategies Given Symptoms Overlap to COVID-19: A Review

Linna Wang et al.

Summary: Kawasaki disease is an acute, self-limiting vasculitis in children, with a possible association with viral respiratory infections. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial to prevent complications.

JOURNAL OF NEPAL MEDICAL ASSOCIATION (2021)

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Review Pharmacology & Pharmacy

Therapeutic potential of N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) in preventing cytokine storm in COVID-19: review of current evidence

R. R. Mohanty et al.

Summary: Since November 2019, the COVID-19 pandemic caused by SARS Coronavirus 2 has affected over 195 nations, with higher mortality rates among the elderly population due to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Excessive immune activation and cytokine storm are potential causes of lung injury in COVID-19, which may be attributed to an imbalance in redox homeostasis. The antioxidant and free radical scavenging properties of NAC could potentially decrease disease severity by reducing cytokine storm.

EUROPEAN REVIEW FOR MEDICAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL SCIENCES (2021)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Our Evolving Understanding of ME/CFS

Kenneth J. Friedman et al.

Summary: This opinion article explores the potential benefits of applying scientific insights from treating ME/CFS to Longhaul COVID-19, suggesting similar pathological processes between the two conditions. It proposes a unifying hypothesis of Post Active Phase of Infection Syndromes (PAPIS) for ME/CFS and Longhaul COVID-19, emphasizing the importance of exploring common biochemical pathways and pathophysiological processes for effective therapies. Failure to address the combined challenges of ME/CFS and Longhaul COVID-19 may have serious socioeconomic and clinical consequences.

MEDICINA-LITHUANIA (2021)

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Article Immunology

Endothelial dysfunction and immunothrombosis as key pathogenic mechanisms in COVID-19

Aldo Bonaventura et al.

Summary: The authors suggest that SARS-CoV-2 infection induces a prothrombotic state and dysregulated immunothrombosis, leading to severe manifestations of COVID-19. They also discuss potential antithrombotic and immunomodulating drugs for treating COVID-19 patients, aiming to reduce the acute and long-term consequences of the disease by targeting immunothrombosis.

NATURE REVIEWS IMMUNOLOGY (2021)

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Article Respiratory System

'Long-COVID': a cross-sectional study of persisting symptoms, biomarker and imaging abnormalities following hospitalisation for COVID-19

Swapna Mandal et al.

Summary: Following discharge from hospital, a significant number of COVID-19 patients continue to experience persistent symptoms such as breathlessness, cough, fatigue, and depression. Some patients also show elevated levels of biomarkers indicating ongoing health issues. Chest radiographs reveal abnormalities in a considerable portion of patients, with a small percentage showing deterioration.

THORAX (2021)

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Review Nutrition & Dietetics

Potential Nutraceuticals for COVID-19

Sayali Savant et al.

Summary: This study reviews the information on antiviral nutraceuticals and discusses the implications of diet in enhancing immunity and preventing COVID-19. The findings highlight the fundamental impact of diet and nutraceuticals on inhibiting viral entry, providing a new perspective on the prevention and treatment of COVID-19.

NUTRITION AND DIETARY SUPPLEMENTS (2021)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Enoxaparin is associated with lower rates of mortality than unfractionated Heparin in hospitalized COVID-19 patients

Colin Pawlowski et al.

Summary: This study found that COVID-19 patients administered unfractionated Heparin, as opposed to Enoxaparin, had higher 28-day mortality rates.

ECLINICALMEDICINE (2021)

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Review Hematology

COVID-19-associated coagulopathy and disseminated intravascular coagulation

Hidesaku Asakura et al.

Summary: The pathology of COVID-19 is exacerbated by thrombosis, DIC, and cytokine storms. D-dimer levels are commonly elevated in COVID-19, but relying solely on this marker has limitations. Treatment should be individualized based on disease severity and stage, with potential for combination therapy using heparin and nafamostat in the future. Further research is needed on fibrinolytic therapy and adsorption therapy.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEMATOLOGY (2021)

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Article Rheumatology

Beneficial effects of colchicine for moderate to severe COVID-19: a randomised, double-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial

Maria Isabel Lopes et al.

Summary: Colchicine showed benefits in the treatment of COVID-19 patients by reducing the need for supplemental oxygen and length of hospitalisation. It did not necessarily reduce mortality, but was safe and well tolerated with the potential side effect of diarrhea.

RMD OPEN (2021)

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Review Physiology

SARS CoV-2 related microvascular damage and symptoms during and after COVID-19: Consequences of capillary transit-time changes, tissue hypoxia and inflammation

Leif Ostergaard

Summary: COVID-19 infection can cause symptoms in multiple organs, including low blood oxygen levels, muscle pain, fatigue, and mood changes. Capillary damage and inflammation may play a role in these symptoms.

PHYSIOLOGICAL REPORTS (2021)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Preferential recognition of epitopes on peroxynitrite-modified alpha-2-macroglobulin by circulating autoantibodies in rheumatoid arthritis patients

Heena Imtiaz Malik et al.

JOURNAL OF BIOMOLECULAR STRUCTURE & DYNAMICS (2020)

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Article Microbiology

Persister cells resuscitate via ribosome modification by 23S rRNA pseudouridine synthase RluD

Sooyeon Song et al.

ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY (2020)

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Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Ergothioneine is associated with reduced mortality and decreased risk of cardiovascular disease

Einar Smith et al.

HEART (2020)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Mapping the Fine-Scale Organization and Plasticity of the Brain Vasculature

Christoph Kirst et al.

CELL (2020)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

3-Nitrotyrosine and related derivatives in proteins: precursors, radical intermediates and impact in function

Nicolas Campolo et al.

PROTEIN OXIDATION (2020)

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Article Peripheral Vascular Disease

L-(+)-Ergothioneine Significantly Improves the Clinical Characteristics of Preeclampsia in the Reduced Uterine Perfusion Pressure Rat Model

Rachel D. Williamson et al.

HYPERTENSION (2020)

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Review Immunology

Insights into the study and origin of the citrullinome in rheumatoid arthritis

Justyna Fert-Bober et al.

IMMUNOLOGICAL REVIEWS (2020)

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Article Virology

Cytomegalovirus, Epstein-Barr virus, and human herpesvirus-6 infections in patients with myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome

Evelina Shikova et al.

JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY (2020)

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Article Cell Biology

Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury: Pathophysiology, Current Clinical Management, and Potential Preventive Approaches

Cesar Daniel Sanchez-Hernandez et al.

MEDIATORS OF INFLAMMATION (2020)

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Review Nutrition & Dietetics

The biology of ergothioneine, an antioxidant nutraceutical

Irina Borodina et al.

NUTRITION RESEARCH REVIEWS (2020)

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Editorial Material Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Evidence of the COVID-19 Virus Targeting the CNS: Tissue Distribution, Host-Virus Interaction, and Proposed Neurotropic Mechanisms

Abdul Mannan Baig et al.

ACS CHEMICAL NEUROSCIENCE (2020)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Autopsy Findings and Venous Thromboembolism in Patients With COVID-19

Dominic Wichmann et al.

ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE (2020)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Gene transcription and chromatin regulation in hypoxia

Michael Batie et al.

BIOCHEMICAL SOCIETY TRANSACTIONS (2020)

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Article Hematology

COVID-19 and its implications for thrombosis and anticoagulation

Jean M. Connors et al.

BLOOD (2020)

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Article Hematology

COVID19 coagulopathy in Caucasian patients

Helen Fogarty et al.

BRITISH JOURNAL OF HAEMATOLOGY (2020)

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Article Microbiology

Diverse effects of interferon alpha on the establishment and reversal of HIV latency

Renee M. Van der Sluis et al.

PLOS PATHOGENS (2020)

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Article Agriculture, Multidisciplinary

High Production of Ergothioneine in Escherichia coli using the Sulfoxide Synthase from Methylobacterium strains

Tomoyuki Kamide et al.

JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY (2020)

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Review Oncology

Going viral: A brief history of Chilblain-like skin lesions (COVID toes) amidst the COVID-19 pandemic

Paul R. Massey et al.

SEMINARS IN ONCOLOGY (2020)

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Review Hematology

A Champion of Host Defense: A Generic Large-Scale Cause for Platelet Dysfunction and Depletion in Infection

Martin J. Page et al.

SEMINARS IN THROMBOSIS AND HEMOSTASIS (2020)

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Review Medical Laboratory Technology

Microvascular thrombosis: experimental and clinical implications

Monica A. Bray et al.

TRANSLATIONAL RESEARCH (2020)

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Article Hematology

Hypercoagulability of COVID-19 patients in intensive care unit: A report of thromboelastography findings and other parameters of hemostasis

Mauro Panigada et al.

JOURNAL OF THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS (2020)

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Article Hematology

ISTH interim guidance on recognition and management of coagulopathy in COVID-19

Jecko Thachil et al.

JOURNAL OF THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS (2020)

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Article Hematology

Prevalence of venous thromboembolism in patients with severe novel coronavirus pneumonia

Songping Cui et al.

JOURNAL OF THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS (2020)

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Review Hematology

Fibrinolytic abnormalities in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and versatility of thrombolytic drugs to treat COVID-19

Claire S. Whyte et al.

JOURNAL OF THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS (2020)

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Letter Medicine, General & Internal

Endothelial cell infection and endotheliitis in COVID-19

Zsuzsanna Varga et al.

LANCET (2020)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Clinical course and risk factors for mortality of adult inpatients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective cohort study

Fei Zhou et al.

LANCET (2020)

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Review Physiology

Metabolic Checkpoints in Rheumatoid Arthritis

Valentina Pucino et al.

FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY (2020)

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Article Immunology

The Biology of Lactoferrin, an Iron-Binding Protein That Can Help Defend Against Viruses and Bacteria

Douglas B. Kell et al.

FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY (2020)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Breaking the vicious loop between inflammation, oxidative stress and coagulation, a novel anti-thrombus insight of nattokinase by inhibiting LPS-induced inflammation and oxidative stress

Hao Wu et al.

REDOX BIOLOGY (2020)

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News Item Multidisciplinary Sciences

Coronavirus blood-clot mystery intensifies

Cassandra Willyard

NATURE (2020)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Statin therapy is associated with lower prevalence of gut microbiota dysbiosis

Sara Vieira-Silva et al.

NATURE (2020)

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Editorial Material Clinical Neurology

Do infections have a role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer disease?

Ruth F. Itzhaki et al.

NATURE REVIEWS NEUROLOGY (2020)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Pulmonary Vascular Endothelialitis, Thrombosis, and Angiogenesis in Covid-19

Maximilian Ackermann et al.

NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2020)

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Article Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology

Food-grade expression of nattokinase inLactobacillus delbrueckiisubsp.bulgaricusand its thrombolytic activity in vitro

Chen Li et al.

BIOTECHNOLOGY LETTERS (2020)

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Article Obstetrics & Gynecology

Pre-eclampsia-like syndrome induced by severe COVID-19: a prospective observational study

M. Mendoza et al.

BJOG-AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY (2020)

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Editorial Material Respiratory System

Endothelial cell dysfunction: a major player in SARS-CoV-2 infection (COVID-19)?

Alice Huertas et al.

EUROPEAN RESPIRATORY JOURNAL (2020)

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Letter Cell Biology

COVID-19, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), and hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT): what is the link?

Antonio De Maio et al.

CELL STRESS & CHAPERONES (2020)

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Review Immunology

COVID-19 as part of the hyperferritinemic syndromes: the role of iron depletion therapy

Carlo Perricone et al.

IMMUNOLOGIC RESEARCH (2020)

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Article Infectious Diseases

Lactoferrin as potential preventative and adjunct treatment for COVID-19

Raymond Chang et al.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS (2020)

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Article Physiology

The Enigma of Endothelium in COVID-19

Savneet Kaur et al.

FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY (2020)

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Article Infectious Diseases

Iron: Innocent bystander or vicious culprit in COVID-19 pathogenesis?

Marvin Edeas et al.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES (2020)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Covid-19: The Rollercoaster of Fibrin(Ogen), D-Dimer, Von Willebrand Factor, P-Selectin and Their Interactions with Endothelial Cells, Platelets and Erythrocytes

Corlia Grobler et al.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES (2020)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Lactoferrin as Protective Natural Barrier of Respiratory and Intestinal Mucosa against Coronavirus Infection and Inflammation

Elena Campione et al.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES (2020)

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Article Clinical Neurology

How Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS) Progresses: The Natural History of ME/CFS

Luis Nacul et al.

FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY (2020)

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Article Hematology

Endotheliopathy in COVID-19-associated coagulopathy: evidence from a single-centre, cross-sectional study

George Goshua et al.

LANCET HAEMATOLOGY (2020)

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Editorial Material Hematology

Coagulation abnormalities and thrombosis in patients with COVID-19

Marcel Levi et al.

LANCET HAEMATOLOGY (2020)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Determination of Serotonin Concentration in Single Human Platelets through Single-Entity Electrochemistry

Jungeun Lee et al.

ACS SENSORS (2020)

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Review Cell Biology

The Inhibitory Effect of Curcumin on Virus-Induced Cytokine Storm and Its Potential Use in the Associated Severe Pneumonia

Ziteng Liu et al.

FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY (2020)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Could Ergothioneine Aid in the Treatment of Coronavirus Patients?

Irwin K. Cheah et al.

ANTIOXIDANTS (2020)

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Review Medicine, General & Internal

Therapeutic Algorithm for Use of Melatonin in Patients With COVID-19

Russel J. Reiter et al.

FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE (2020)

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Article Infectious Diseases

A Quantitative Survey of Bacterial Persistence in the Presence of Antibiotics: Towards Antipersister Antimicrobial Discovery

Jesus Enrique Salcedo-Sora et al.

ANTIBIOTICS-BASEL (2020)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Unsaturated fatty acids enhance the fibrinolytic activity of subtilisin NAT (nattokinase)

Soichiro Takagaki et al.

JOURNAL OF FOOD BIOCHEMISTRY (2020)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Inflammatory and Oxidative Stress Markers-Mirror Tools in Rheumatoid Arthritis

Radu Razvan Mititelu et al.

BIOMEDICINES (2020)

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Article Clinical Neurology

Prevalence and predictors of fatigue after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage

Elin Western et al.

ACTA NEUROCHIRURGICA (2020)

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Review Hematology

Anticoagulant and signaling functions of antithrombin

Alireza R. Rezaie et al.

JOURNAL OF THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS (2020)

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Review Hematology

Coagulopathy in COVID-19

Toshiaki Iba et al.

JOURNAL OF THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS (2020)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Roles of flavonoids against coronavirus infection

Maria Russo et al.

CHEMICO-BIOLOGICAL INTERACTIONS (2020)

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Article Clinical Neurology

COVID-19, Mast Cells, Cytokine Storm, Psychological Stress, and Neuroinflammation

Duraisamy Kempuraj et al.

NEUROSCIENTIST (2020)

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Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Platelets Can Associate With SARS-CoV-2 RNA and Are Hyperactivated in COVID-19

Younes Zaid et al.

CIRCULATION RESEARCH (2020)

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Article Pharmacology & Pharmacy

Enhanced platelet inhibition treatment improves hypoxemia in patients with severe Covid-19 and hypercoagulability. A case control, proof of concept study

Maurizio Viecca et al.

PHARMACOLOGICAL RESEARCH (2020)

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Review Clinical Neurology

Low-Dose Naltrexone for Chronic Pain: Update and Systemic Review

Phillip S. Kim et al.

CURRENT PAIN AND HEADACHE REPORTS (2020)

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Article Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging

Lower-extremity Arterial Thrombosis Associated with COVID-19 Is Characterized by Greater Thrombus Burden and Increased Rate of Amputation and Death

Inessa A. Goldman et al.

RADIOLOGY (2020)

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Review Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

Anemia and iron metabolism in COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Petek Eylul Taneri et al.

EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY (2020)

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Letter Medicine, Research & Experimental

Vitamin K deficiency and covid-19

Emanuela Anastasi et al.

SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL & LABORATORY INVESTIGATION (2020)

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Editorial Material Hematology

Coronavirus Disease 2019 Coagulopathy: Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation and Thrombotic Microangiopathy-Either, Neither, or Both

Marcel Levi et al.

SEMINARS IN THROMBOSIS AND HEMOSTASIS (2020)

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Letter Hematology

Fibrinolysis Resistance: A Potential Mechanism Underlying COVID-19 Coagulopathy

Emmanuel Weiss et al.

THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS (2020)

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Article Hematology

Confirmation of the high cumulative incidence of thrombotic complications in critically ill ICU patients with COVID-19: An updated analysis

F. A. Klok et al.

THROMBOSIS RESEARCH (2020)

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Review Food Science & Technology

Efficacy and mechanisms of dietary polyphenols in mitigating rheumatoid arthritis

Lindsey M. Christman et al.

JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL FOODS (2020)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Activation and evasion of type I interferon responses by SARS-CoV-2

Xiaobo Lei et al.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2020)

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Editorial Material Medicine, General & Internal

Management of post-acute covid-19 in primary care

Trisha Greenhalgh et al.

BMJ-BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL (2020)

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Article Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

Can lactoferrin boost human immunity against COVID-19?

M. AlKhazindar et al.

PATHOGENS AND GLOBAL HEALTH (2020)

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Review Infectious Diseases

Projected supportive effects of Pycnogenol® in patients suffering from multi-dimensional health impairments after a SARS-CoV2 infection

Franziska Weichmann et al.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS (2020)

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Review Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

Nasal disinfection for the prevention and control of COVID-19: A scoping review on potential chemo-preventive agents

L. Cegolon et al.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYGIENE AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH (2020)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

VitaminB12may inhibitRNA-dependent-RNApolymerase activity of nsp12 from theSARS-CoV-2 virus

Naveen Narayanan et al.

IUBMB LIFE (2020)

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Review Physiology

Blood flow, capillary transit times, and tissue oxygenation: the centennial of capillary recruitment

Leif Ostergaard

JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY (2020)

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Article Biochemical Research Methods

Evidence of Structural Protein Damage and Membrane Lipid Remodeling in Red Blood Cells from COVID-19 Patients

Tiffany Thomas et al.

JOURNAL OF PROTEOME RESEARCH (2020)

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Editorial Material Medicine, General & Internal

Progressive Hypoxia: A Pivotal Pathophysiologic Mechanism of COVID-19 Pneumonia

Virend K. Somers et al.

MAYO CLINIC PROCEEDINGS (2020)

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Review Virology

COVID-19: Review on latest available drugs and therapies against SARS- CoV-2. Coagulation and inflammation cross-talking

Giuseppe Magro

VIRUS RESEARCH (2020)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Modeling lung perfusion abnormalities to explain early COVID-19 hypoxemia

Jacob Herrmann et al.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2020)

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Review Critical Care Medicine

Pulmonary embolism in patients with coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia: a narrative review

Yasser Sakr et al.

ANNALS OF INTENSIVE CARE (2020)

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Article Physiology

Heparin Therapy Improving Hypoxia in COVID-19 Patients - A Case Series

Elnara Marcia Negri et al.

FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY (2020)

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Review Medicine, General & Internal

Overview of the Assessment of Endothelial Function in Humans

Po Ying Chia et al.

FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE (2020)

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Article Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

A Basic Review of the Preliminary Evidence That COVID-19 Risk and Severity Is Increased in Vitamin D Deficiency

Linda L. Benskin

FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH (2020)

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Article Health Care Sciences & Services

Persistent symptoms after Covid-19: qualitative study of 114 long Covid patients and draft quality principles for services

Emma Ladds et al.

BMC HEALTH SERVICES RESEARCH (2020)

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Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Prevalence of readily detected amyloid blood clots in 'unclotted' Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and COVID-19 plasma: a preliminary report

Etheresia Pretorius et al.

CARDIOVASCULAR DIABETOLOGY (2020)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Oxygen saturation as a predictor of mortality in hospitalized adult patients with COVID-19 in a public hospital in Lima, Peru

Fernando Mejia et al.

PLOS ONE (2020)

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Article Immunology

Detection of Citrullinated Fibrin in Plasma Clots of Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients and Its Relation to Altered Structural Clot Properties, Disease-Related Inflammation and Prothrombotic Tendency

Johannes A. Bezuidenhout et al.

FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY (2020)

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Review Immunology

What Makes Antibodies Against G Protein-Coupled Receptors so Special? A Novel Concept to Understand Chronic Diseases

Gabriela Riemekasten et al.

FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY (2020)

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Article Engineering, Chemical

Scutellaria baicalensis Flavones as Potent Drugs against Acute Respiratory Injury during SARS-CoV-2 Infection: Structural Biology Approaches

Ana-Maria Udrea et al.

PROCESSES (2020)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Increased Red Cell Distribution Width Is Associated With Disease Severity in Hospitalized Adults With SARS-CoV-2 Infection: An Observational Multicentric Study

Theodoros Karampitsakos et al.

FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE (2020)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Low-dose naltrexone as a treatment for chronic fatigue syndrome

Monica Jane Bolton et al.

BMJ CASE REPORTS (2020)

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Article Respiratory System

Working accuracy of pulse oximetry in COVID-19 patients stepping down from intensive care: a clinical evaluation

Keir Elmslie James Philip et al.

BMJ OPEN RESPIRATORY RESEARCH (2020)

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Article Critical Care Medicine

Extracellular vesicles as regulators of kidney function and disease

Felix Behrens et al.

INTENSIVE CARE MEDICINE EXPERIMENTAL (2020)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Purification, physicochemical properties, and statistical optimization of fibrinolytic enzymes especially from fermented foods: A comprehensive review

Ali Muhammed Moula Ali et al.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES (2020)

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Review Cell Biology

An Immediate and Long-Term Complication of COVID-19 May Be Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: The Central Role of β-Cell Dysfunction, Apoptosis and Exploration of Possible Mechanisms

Melvin R. Hayden

CELLS (2020)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

COVID-19, microthromboses, inflammation, and platelet activating factor

Constantinos Demopoulos et al.

BIOFACTORS (2020)

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Review Respiratory System

The Interplay Between Coagulation and Inflammation Pathways in COVID-19-Associated Respiratory Failure: A Narrative Review

Rajat Bhattacharyya et al.

PULMONARY THERAPY (2020)

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Review Integrative & Complementary Medicine

The effect of quercetin on the prevention or treatment of COVID-19 and other respiratory tract infections in humans: A rapid review

Monique Aucoin et al.

ADVANCES IN INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE (2020)

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Review Medicine, General & Internal

Thromboembolism risk of COVID-19 is high and associated with a higher risk of mortality: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Mahmoud B. Malas et al.

ECLINICALMEDICINE (2020)

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Review Medicine, General & Internal

Therapeutic strategies for ischemia reperfusion injury in emergency medicine

Hiromichi Naito et al.

ACUTE MEDICINE & SURGERY (2020)

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Letter Respiratory System

Hypoxemia in COVID-19: cerebral oximetry should be explored as a warning indicator for mechanically ventilated adults with COVID-19

Marco Ferrari et al.

RESPIRATORY RESEARCH (2020)

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Review Medicine, General & Internal

Exploring the pathophysiology of post-sepsis syndrome to identify therapeutic opportunities

Elisabeth C. van der Slikke et al.

EBIOMEDICINE (2020)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Erythrocyte, Platelet, Serum Ferritin, and P-Selectin Pathophysiology Implicated in Severe Hypercoagulation and Vascular Complications in COVID-19

Chantelle Venter et al.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES (2020)

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Article Infectious Diseases

Covid-19 hyperinflammation and post-Covid-19 illness may be rooted in mast cell activation syndrome

Lawrence B. Afrin et al.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES (2020)

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Article Clinical Neurology

Hemorrhagic presentations of COVID-19: Risk factors for mortality

David J. Altschul et al.

CLINICAL NEUROLOGY AND NEUROSURGERY (2020)

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Review Pharmacology & Pharmacy

Overview of the possible role of vitamin C in management of COVID-19

Anis Abobaker et al.

PHARMACOLOGICAL REPORTS (2020)

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Review Rheumatology

Immune mechanisms of pulmonary intravascular coagulopathy in COVID-19 pneumonia

Dennis McGonagle et al.

LANCET RHEUMATOLOGY (2020)

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Article Anesthesiology

Detection and response to acute systemic hypoxia

A. D. Kane et al.

BJA EDUCATION (2020)

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Review Critical Care Medicine

The unique characteristics of COVID-19 coagulopathy

Toshiaki Iba et al.

CRITICAL CARE (2020)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Flavonoids with inhibitory activity against SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro

Seri Jo et al.

JOURNAL OF ENZYME INHIBITION AND MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY (2020)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

First-in-Man: Case Report of Selective C-Reactive Protein Apheresis in a Patient with SARS-CoV-2 Infection

Jan Torzewski et al.

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CASE REPORTS (2020)

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Article Infectious Diseases

Hyperbaric oxygen in animal model of rheumatoid arthritis: Analysis Of HIF-1α, ACPA and IL-17a

Titut Harnanik et al.

INFECTIOUS DISEASE REPORTS (2020)

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Review Critical Care Medicine

COVID-19 and ECMO: the interplay between coagulation and inflammation-a narrative review

Mariusz Kowalewski et al.

CRITICAL CARE (2020)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Metabolic Dysfunction in Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Not Due to Anti-mitochondrial Antibodies

Isabell Nilsson et al.

FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE (2020)

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Persister Cells Resuscitate Using Membrane Sensors that Activate Chemotaxis, Lower cAMP Levels, and Revive Ribosomes

Ryota Yamasaki et al.

ISCIENCE (2020)

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Consumption of a green tea extract-curcumin drink decreases blood urea nitrogen and redox iron in β-thalassemia patients

Pimpisid Koonyosying et al.

FOOD & FUNCTION (2020)

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Retinal findings in patients with COVID-19: Results from the SERPICO-19 study

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N-acetyl-l-cysteine controls osteoclastogenesis through regulating Th17 differentiation and RANKL in rheumatoid arthritis

Hae-Rim Kim et al.

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Life after sepsis: an international survey of survivors to understand the post-sepsis syndrome

Cynthia Y. Huang et al.

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Ischaemia reperfusion injury: mechanisms of progression to chronic graft dysfunction

Gerhard R. Situmorang et al.

PEDIATRIC NEPHROLOGY (2019)

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Pharmaceutical Interventions in Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: A Literature-based Commentary

Spencer Richman et al.

CLINICAL THERAPEUTICS (2019)

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Leveraging Prior Knowledge of Endocrine Immune Regulation in the Therapeutically Relevant Phenotyping of Women With Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Matthew C. Morris et al.

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Activation mechanisms and multifaceted effects of mast cells in ischemia reperfusion injury

Zhigang He et al.

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The Association between Mushroom Consumption and Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Community-Based Cross-Sectional Study in Singapore

Lei Feng et al.

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Platelets: emerging facilitators of cellular crosstalk in rheumatoid arthritis

Oore-ofe Olumuyiwa-Akeredolu et al.

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PentraSorb C-Reactive Protein: Characterization of the Selective C-Reactive Protein Adsorber Resin

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Overview of Human Intervention Studies Evaluating the Impact of the Mediterranean Diet on Markers of DNA Damage

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NUTRIENTS (2019)

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Brain Capillary Networks Across Species: A few Simple Organizational Requirements Are Sufficient to Reproduce Both Structure and Function

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Improvement of the acid resistance, catalytic efficiency, and thermostability of nattokinase by multisite-directed mutagenesis

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High-level extracellular production of recombinant nattokinase in Bacillus subtilis WB800 by multiple tandem promoters

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BMC MICROBIOLOGY (2019)

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Could Polyphenols Help in the Control of Rheumatoid Arthritis?

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Acute toxicity and genotoxicity evaluations of Nattokinase, a promising agent for cardiovascular diseases prevention

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The Healthy Human Blood Microbiome: Fact or Fiction?

Diego J. Castillo et al.

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The clinical value of cytokines in chronic fatigue syndrome

Tiansong Yang et al.

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The viral protein corona directs viral pathogenesis and amyloid aggregation

Kariem Ezzat et al.

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Management of oxidative stress and other pathologies in Alzheimer's disease

Miriama Simunkova et al.

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Global burden of latent multidrug-resistant tuberculosis: trends and estimates based on mathematical modelling

Gwenan M. Knight et al.

LANCET INFECTIOUS DISEASES (2019)

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Myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome: From pathophysiological insights to novel therapeutic opportunities

Gerwyn Morris et al.

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Platelets as Potent Signaling Entities in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Etheresia Pretorius

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Viruses and Autoimmunity: A Review on the Potential Interaction and Molecular Mechanisms

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Parkinson's Disease: A Systemic Inflammatory Disease Accompanied by Bacterial Inflammagens

Buin Adams et al.

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Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury Revisited: An Overview of the Latest Pharmacological Strategies

Ricardo O. S. Soares et al.

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Designing a less immunogenic nattokinase from Bacillus subtilis subsp. natto: a computational mutagenesis

Yoanes Maria Vianney et al.

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Targeting P-Selectin Adhesion Molecule in Molecular Imaging: P-Selectin Expression as a Valuable Imaging Biomarker of Inflammation in Cardiovascular Disease

Lydia A. Perkins et al.

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The role and robustness of the Gini coefficient as an unbiased tool for the selection of Gini genes for normalising expression profiling data

Marina Wright Muelas et al.

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Flavonoids as Natural Anti-Inflammatory Agents Targeting Nuclear Factor-Kappa B (NFκB) Signaling in Cardiovascular Diseases: A Mini Review

Ker Woon Choy et al.

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Ergothioneine production with Aspergillus oryzae

Shun Takusagawa et al.

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Engineering the Yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae for the Production of L-(+)-Ergothioneine

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Red blood cell deformability is diminished in patients with Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Amit K. Saha et al.

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A Review of Antiplatelet Activity of Traditional Medicinal Herbs on Integrative Medicine Studies

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Redox regulation by NRF2 in aging and disease

Cody J. Schmidlin et al.

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Lactate Buildup at the Site of Chronic Inflammation Promotes Disease by Inducing CD4+ T Cell Metabolic Rewiring

Valentina Pucino et al.

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Quercetin, a Plant Polyphenol, Has Potential for the Prevention of Bone Destruction in Rheumatoid Arthritis

Hae-Rim Kim et al.

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Post-sepsis syndrome - an evolving entity that afflicts survivors of sepsis

Zachary Mostel et al.

MOLECULAR MEDICINE (2019)

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Oxidative Stress in Rheumatoid Arthritis: What the Future Might Hold regarding Novel Biomarkers and Add-On Therapies

Lucas Jose Sa da Fonseca et al.

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Herpes zoster infection

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Spectral contrast optical coherence tomography angiography enables single-scan vessel imaging

James A. Winkelmann et al.

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Neuroinflammation and Cytokines in Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS): A Critical Review of Research Methods

Michael B. VanElzakker et al.

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Elevated blood lactate in resting conditions correlate with post-exertional malaise severity in patients with Myalgic encephalomyelitis/Chronic fatigue syndrome

Alaa Ghali et al.

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Platelet factor 4-containing immune complexes induce platelet activation followed by calpain-dependent platelet death

Tatiana A. Nevzorova et al.

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MicroTools enables automated quantification of capillary density and red blood cell velocity in handheld vital microscopy

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Abnormal blood lactate accumulation during repeated exercise testing in myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome

Katarina Lien et al.

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Oxidative hotspots on actin promote skeletal muscle weakness in rheumatoid arthritis

Maarten M. Steinz et al.

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To What Extent Are the Terminal Stages of Sepsis, Septic Shock, Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome, and Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome Actually Driven by a Prion/Amyloid Form of Fibrin?

Douglas B. Kell et al.

SEMINARS IN THROMBOSIS AND HEMOSTASIS (2018)

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Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome - Evidence for an autoimmune disease

Franziska Sotzny et al.

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No effects without causes: the Iron Dysregulation and Dormant Microbes hypothesis for chronic, inflammatory diseases

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Current Mechanistic Concepts in Ischemia and Reperfusion Injury

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The Battle for Iron between Humans and Microbes

Peggy L. Carver

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Ergothioneine - a diet-derived antioxidant with therapeutic potential

Barry Halliwell et al.

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The potential therapeutic effects of ergothioneine in pre-eclampsia

Robert N. Kerley et al.

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Protective effect of fenofibrate against ischemia-/reperfusion-induced cardiac arrhythmias in isolated rat hearts

Ishfaq A. Bukhari et al.

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Heterologous and High Production of Ergothioneine in Escherichia coli

Ryo Osawa et al.

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Herpes Viruses and Senile Dementia: First Population Evidence for a Causal Link

Ruth F. Itzhaki et al.

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Ergothioneine production using Methylobacterium species, yeast, and fungi

Yoshiko Fujitani et al.

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Both lipopolysaccharide and lipoteichoic acids potently induce anomalous fibrin amyloid formation: assessment with novel Amytracker (TM) stains

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Extracellular vesicles released in response to respiratory exposures: implications for chronic disease

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Lipopolysaccharide-binding protein (LBP) can reverse the amyloid state of fibrin seen or induced in Parkinson's disease

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Platelets release pathogenic serotonin and return to circulation after immune complex-mediated sequestration

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The inflammatory effects of TNF-α and complement component 3 on coagulation

Martin J. Page et al.

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Distribution and accumulation of dietary ergothioneine and its metabolites in mouse tissues

Richard Ming Yi Tang et al.

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3D Imaging and Quantitative Analysis of Vascular Networks: A Comparison of Ultramicroscopy and Micro-Computed Tomography

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Direct cell-to-cell transmission of respiratory viruses: The fast lanes

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Eryptosis: An Erythrocyte's Suicidal Type of Cell Death

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Helicobacter pylori the Latent Human Pathogen or an Ancestral Commensal Organism

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Transcriptome analysis in whole blood reveals increased microbial diversity in schizophrenia

Loes M. Olde Loohuis et al.

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Sirt1 Activation by Post-ischemic Treatment With Lumbrokinase Protects Against Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury

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Scaling Laws of Flow Rate, Vessel Blood Volume, Lengths, and Transit Times With Number of Capillaries

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GeneGini: Assessment via the Gini Coefficient of Reference Housekeeping'' Genes and Diverse Human Transporter Expression Profiles

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CELL SYSTEMS (2018)

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Oxygen Sensing, Hypoxia Tracing and in Vivo Imaging with Functional Metalloprobes for the Early Detection of Non-communicable Diseases

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Inflammasome, pyroptosis, and cytokines in myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury

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AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-HEART AND CIRCULATORY PHYSIOLOGY (2018)

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Uropathogenic Escherichia coli invades bladder epithelial cells by activating kinase networks in host cells

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Extensive impact of non-antibiotic drugs on human gut bacteria

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Oxidative Stress is a Convincing Contributor to Idiopathic Chronic Fatigue

Jin-Seok Lee et al.

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The Potential of LPS-Binding Protein to Reverse Amyloid Formation in Plasma Fibrin of Individuals With Alzheimer-Type Dementia

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Review of Biosimilar Trials and Data on Adalimumab in Rheumatoid Arthritis

Sizheng Zhao et al.

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The Roles of NRF2 in Modulating Cellular Iron Homeostasis

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Degranulation of gastrointestinal mast cells contributes to hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury in mice

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Overview on the Effects of N-Acetylcysteine in Neurodegenerative Diseases

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CNS infection and immune privilege

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The gut microbiota at the intersection of diet and human health

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Extracellular vesicles are associated with the systemic inflammation of patients with seropositive rheumatoid arthritis

Catalina Burbano et al.

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Corroboration of a Major Role for Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 in Alzheimer's Disease

Ruth F. Itzhaki

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Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome in the Era of the Human Microbiome: Persistent Pathogens Drive Chronic Symptoms by Interfering With Host Metabolism, Gene Expression, and Immunity

Amy Proal et al.

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Platelets in Immune Response to Virus and Immunopathology of Viral Infections

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Chronic viral infections in myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS)

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Direct Antiviral Mechanisms of Interferon-Gamma

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Ischemia-reperfusion injury in stroke: impact of the brain barriers and brain immune privilege on neutrophil function

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THERAPEUTIC ADVANCES IN NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS (2018)

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Nattokinase: A Promising Alternative in Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Diseases

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BIOMARKER INSIGHTS (2018)

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Evaluating the Effect of Oral N-acetylcysteine as an Adjuvant Treatment on Clinical Outcomes of Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Randomized, Double Blind Clinical Trial

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Immunological Tolerance, Pregnancy, and Preeclampsia: The Roles of Semen Microbes and the Father

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The therapeutic potential of plant flavonoids on rheumatoid arthritis

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Major involvement of bacterial components in rheumatoid arthritis and its accompanying oxidative stress, systemic inflammation and hypercoagulability

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The capillary bed offers the largest hemodynamic resistance to the cortical blood supply

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Transient Expression of Lumbrokinase (PI239) in Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) Using a Geminivirus-Based Single Replicon System Dissolves Fibrin and Blood Clots

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Mushrooms: A rich source of the antioxidants ergothioneine and glutathione

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FOOD CHEMISTRY (2017)

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Nattokinase: An Oral Antithrombotic Agent for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease

Yunqi Weng et al.

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Ergothioneine Antioxidant Function: From Chemistry to Cardiovascular Therapeutic Potential

Luigi Servillo et al.

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3D visualization and quantification of microvessels in the whole ischemic mouse brain using solvent-based clearing and light sheet microscopy

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Metal chelator EGCG attenuates Fe(III)-induced conformational transition of α-synuclein and protects AS-PC12 cells against Fe(III)-induced death

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Epigallocatechin Gallate Has a Neurorescue Effect in a Mouse Model of Parkinson Disease

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Association Between Rheumatoid Arthritis and Risk of Ischemic and Nonischemic Heart Failure

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Examining clinical similarities between myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome and D-lactic acidosis: a systematic review

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In vitro and in vivo insulin amyloid degradation mediated by Serratiopeptidase

Sanjay Kisan Metkar et al.

MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING C-MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS (2017)

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Comparative genomics of transport proteins in probiotic and pathogenic Escherichia coli and Salmonella enterica strains

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Effects of epigallocatechin-3-gallate on iron metabolism in spinal cord motor neurons

Fengyuan Che et al.

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Engineering of obligate intracellular bacteria: progress, challenges and paradigms

Erin E. McClure et al.

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Persistent bacterial infections and persister cells

Robert A. Fisher et al.

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Oxidative Stress: Harms and Benefits for Human Health

Gabriele Pizzino et al.

OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY (2017)

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Numerous uncharacterized and highly divergent microbes which colonize humans are revealed by circulating cell-free DNA

Mark Kowarsky et al.

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (2017)

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Proteins behaving badly. Substoichiometric molecular control and amplification of the initiation and nature of amyloid fibril formation: lessons from and for blood clotting

Douglas B. Kell et al.

PROGRESS IN BIOPHYSICS & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY (2017)

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Markers of coagulation activation, inflammation and fibrinolysis as predictors of poor outcomes after pediatric venous thromboembolism: A systematic review and meta-analysis

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THROMBOSIS RESEARCH (2017)

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Coagulation and sepsis

Marcel Levi et al.

THROMBOSIS RESEARCH (2017)

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Targeting Free Radicals in Oxidative Stress-Related Human Diseases

Patrik Poprac et al.

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Significance of dormant forms of Helicobacter pylori in ulcerogenesis

Vasiliy Ivanovich Reshetnyak et al.

WORLD JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY (2017)

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Microbial production of nattokinase: current progress, challenge and prospect

Dongbo Cai et al.

WORLD JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY & BIOTECHNOLOGY (2017)

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Listeria monocytogenes switches from dissemination to persistence by adopting a vacuolar lifestyle in epithelial cells

Mounia Kortebi et al.

PLOS PATHOGENS (2017)

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Phytochemicals as potential antidotes for targeting NF-κB in rheumatoid arthritis

R. Kowshik Aravilli et al.

3 BIOTECH (2017)

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Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Diagnosis and Management in Young People: A Primer

Peter C. Rowe et al.

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Phytochemicals as potential antidotes for targeting NF-κB in rheumatoid arthritis

R. Kowshik Aravilli et al.

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Lipopolysaccharide-binding protein (LBP) reverses the amyloid state of fibrin seen in plasma of type 2 diabetics with cardiovascular co-morbidities

Etheresia Pretorius et al.

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Mast Cells Granular Contents Are Crucial for Deep Vein Thrombosis in Mice

Tatyana Ponomaryov et al.

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NF-kappa B signaling in inflammation

Ting Liu et al.

SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION AND TARGETED THERAPY (2017)

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Salmonella Intracellular Lifestyles and Their Impact on Host-to-Host Transmission

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MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM (2017)

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Melatonin as a mitochondria-targeted antioxidant: one of evolution's best ideas

Russel J. Reiter et al.

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Eryptosis in health and disease: A paradigm shift towards understanding the (patho)physiological implications of programmed cell death of erythrocytes

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Peroxynitrite-modified histone as a pathophysiological biomarker in autoimmune diseases

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Interactions of β-amyloid peptide with fibrinogen and coagulation factor XII may contribute to Alzheimer's disease

Hyung J. Ahn et al.

CURRENT OPINION IN HEMATOLOGY (2017)

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Ten Strategies of Interferon Evasion by Viruses

Adolfo Garcia-Sastre

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Platelets: much more than bricks in a breached wall

Maria Elisa Mancuso et al.

BRITISH JOURNAL OF HAEMATOLOGY (2017)

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Hypoxia and Inflammation in Cancer, Focus on HIF and NF-κB

Laura D'Ignazio et al.

BIOMEDICINES (2017)

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Formation, physiology, ecology, evolution and clinical importance of bacterial persisters

Bram Van den Bergh et al.

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Treatment and management of chronic fatigue syndrome/myalgic encephalomyelitis: all roads lead to Rome

Jesus Castro-Marrero et al.

BRITISH JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY (2017)

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Stability, purification, and applications of bromelain: A review

Leticia Celia de Lencastre Novaes et al.

BIOTECHNOLOGY PROGRESS (2016)

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NF-κB and HIF crosstalk in immune responses

Laura D'Ignazio et al.

FEBS JOURNAL (2016)

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Metabolomics profiling of the free and total oxidised lipids in urine by LC-MS/MS: application in patients with rheumatoid arthritis

Junzeng Fu et al.

ANALYTICAL AND BIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY (2016)

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Often seen, rarely recognized: mast cell activation disease - a guide to diagnosis and therapeutic options

Lawrence B. Afrin et al.

ANNALS OF MEDICINE (2016)

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Role of heparin and non heparin binding serpins in coagulation and angiogenesis: A complex interplay

Teena Bhakuni et al.

ARCHIVES OF BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOPHYSICS (2016)

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Ergothioneine, an adaptive antioxidant for the protection of injured tissues? A hypothesis

Barry Halliwell et al.

BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS (2016)

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Flow cytometric analysis of platelets type 2 diabetes mellitus reveals 'angry' platelets

Prashilla Soma et al.

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A Comprehensive Review on Eryptosis

Etheresia Pretorius et al.

CELLULAR PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY (2016)

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Redox signaling in rheumatoid arthritis and the preventive role of polyphenols

Somaiya Mateen et al.

CLINICA CHIMICA ACTA (2016)

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Evolution of the Koch postulates: towards a 21st-century understanding of microbial infection

G. Antonelli et al.

CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTION (2016)

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Aortic aneurysm associated with rheumatoid arthritis: a population-based cross-sectional study

Ora Shovman et al.

CLINICAL RHEUMATOLOGY (2016)

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A Systematic Review of Drug Therapies for Chronic Fatigue Syndrome/Myalgic Encephalomyelitis

Ansel Collatz et al.

CLINICAL THERAPEUTICS (2016)

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Rheumatoid Arthritis: Notable Biomarkers Linking to Chronic Systemic Conditions and Cancer

Oore-ofe O. Olumuyiwa-Akeredolu et al.

CURRENT PHARMACEUTICAL DESIGN (2016)

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Vessel Sampling and Blood Flow Velocity Distribution With Vessel Diameter for Characterizing the Human Bulbar Conjunctival Microvasculature

Liang Wang et al.

EYE & CONTACT LENS-SCIENCE AND CLINICAL PRACTICE (2016)

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Microbes and Alzheimer's Disease

Ruth F. Itzhaki et al.

JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE (2016)

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Regulation of chronic inflammatory and immune processes by extracellular vesicles

Paul D. Robbins et al.

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Lumbrokinase attenuates myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury by inhibiting TLR4 signaling

Yi-Hsin Wang et al.

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Acute induction of anomalous and amyloidogenic blood clotting by molecular amplification of highly substoichiometric levels of bacterial lipopolysaccharide

Etheresia Pretorius et al.

JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY INTERFACE (2016)

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Association of biomarkers with health-related quality of life and history of stressors in myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome patients

Emmanuel Fenouillet et al.

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Protective Role of Dietary Curcumin in the Prevention of the Oxidative Stress Induced by Chronic Alcohol with respect to Hepatic Injury and Antiatherogenic Markers

Ravi Varatharajalu et al.

OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY (2016)

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Oxidative Stress and Inflammation: What Polyphenols Can Do for Us?

Tarique Hussain et al.

OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY (2016)

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Adapting Koch's postulates

Allyson L. Byrd et al.

SCIENCE (2016)

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Cell Biology of Prions and Prionoids: A Status Report

Adriano Aguzzit et al.

TRENDS IN CELL BIOLOGY (2016)

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Effects of IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-8 on erythrocytes, platelets and clot viscoelasticity

Janette Bester et al.

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The Global Burden of Latent Tuberculosis Infection: A Re-estimation Using Mathematical Modelling

Rein M. G. J. Houben et al.

PLOS MEDICINE (2016)

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Uropathogenic Escherichia coli Metabolite-Dependent Quiescence and Persistence May Explain Antibiotic Tolerance during Urinary Tract Infection

Mary P. Leatham-Jensen et al.

MSPHERE (2016)

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Hypoxia Induced NF-κB

Laura D'Ignazio et al.

CELLS (2016)

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Protective effects of fenofibrate against acute lung injury induced by intestinal ischemia/reperfusion in mice

Qiankun Zhu et al.

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Importance of Iron Complexation for Fenton-Mediated Hydroxyl Radical Production at Circumneutral pH

Christopher J. Miller et al.

FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE (2016)

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Extracellular vesicles in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis

Joseph Withrow et al.

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A Dormant Microbial Component in the Development of Preeclampsia

Douglas B. Kell et al.

FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE (2016)

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Frequency Modulated Translocational Oscillations of Nrf2 Mediate the Antioxidant Response Element Cytoprotective Transcriptional Response

Mingzhan Xue et al.

ANTIOXIDANTS & REDOX SIGNALING (2015)

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Frequency modulated translocational oscillations of Nrf2, a transcription factor functioning like a wireless sensor

Mingzhan Xue et al.

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Platelet hyperactivity and fibrin clot structure in transient ischemic attack individuals in the presence of metabolic syndrome: a microscopy and thromboelastography® study

Mia-Jeanne van Rooy et al.

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Interplay between ultrastructural findings and atherothrombotic complications in type 2 diabetes mellitus

Prashilla Soma et al.

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Enhanced Eryptosis Following Auranofin Exposure

Kousi Alzoubi et al.

CELLULAR PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY (2015)

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Salmonella enterica: living a double life in epithelial cells

Leigh A. Knodler

CURRENT OPINION IN MICROBIOLOGY (2015)

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The role of antioxidants in the chemistry of oxidative stress: A review

Aurelia Magdalena Pisoschi et al.

EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY (2015)

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A product of RpfB and RipA joint enzymatic action promotes the resuscitation of dormant mycobacteria

Vadim D. Nikitushkin et al.

FEBS JOURNAL (2015)

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The simultaneous occurrence of both hypercoagulability and hypofibrinolysis in blood and serum during systemic inflammation, and the roles of iron and fibrin(ogen)

Douglas B. Kell et al.

INTEGRATIVE BIOLOGY (2015)

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Editorial Material Cell Biology

On the translocation of bacteria and their lipopolysaccharides between blood and peripheral locations in chronic, inflammatory diseases: the central roles of LPS and LPS-induced cell death

Douglas B. Kell et al.

INTEGRATIVE BIOLOGY (2015)

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The role of hypoxia in inflammatory disease

John Biddlestone et al.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR MEDICINE (2015)

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Downstream Processing, Formulation Development and Antithrombotic Evaluation of Microbial Nattokinase

Rohit Kapoor et al.

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P2Y12 receptors: structure and function

M. Cattaneo

JOURNAL OF THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS (2015)

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Back to the metal age: battle for metals at the host-pathogen interface during urinary tract infection

Sargurunathan Subashchandrabose et al.

METALLOMICS (2015)

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How bacterial pathogens colonize their hosts and invade deeper tissues

David Ribet et al.

MICROBES AND INFECTION (2015)

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The Peacekeepers

Moises Velasquez-Manoff

NATURE (2015)

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Glutathione activates virulence gene expression of an intracellular pathogen

Michelle L. Reniere et al.

NATURE (2015)

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Urinary tract infections: epidemiology, mechanisms of infection and treatment options

Ana L. Flores-Mireles et al.

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Persisters unmasked

David W. Holden

SCIENCE (2015)

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Mechanisms and pathophysiological significance of eryptosis, the suicidal erythrocyte death

Elisabeth Lang et al.

SEMINARS IN CELL & DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY (2015)

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Metabolic syndrome, platelet activation and the development of transient ischemic attack or thromboembolic stroke

Mia-Jeanne van Rooy et al.

THROMBOSIS RESEARCH (2015)

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The role of oxidative stress, antioxidants and vascular inflammation in cardiovascular disease (a review)

Hawa N. Siti et al.

VASCULAR PHARMACOLOGY (2015)

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Hypoxia-specific ultrasensitive detection of tumours and cancer cells in vivo

Xianchuang Zheng et al.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2015)

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Organ-wide 3D-imaging and topological analysis of the continuous microvascular network in a murine lymph node

Inken D. Kelch et al.

SCIENTIFIC REPORTS (2015)

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A single-dose of oral nattokinase potentiates thrombolysis and anti-coagulation profiles

Yuko Kurosawa et al.

SCIENTIFIC REPORTS (2015)

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Article Geriatrics & Gerontology

Microbial-generated amyloids and Alzheimer's disease (AD)

James M. Hill et al.

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Production of ergothioneine by Methylobacterium species

Kabir M. Alamgir et al.

FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY (2015)

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Reperfusion injury and reactive oxygen species: The evolution of a concept

D. Neil Granger et al.

REDOX BIOLOGY (2015)

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Efficient expression of nattokinase in Bacillus licheniformis: host strain construction and signal peptide optimization

Xuetuan Wei et al.

JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL MICROBIOLOGY & BIOTECHNOLOGY (2015)

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Viable Bacteria Associated with Red Blood Cells and Plasma in Freshly Drawn Blood Donations

Christian Damgaard et al.

PLOS ONE (2015)

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Patients receiving anti-TNF therapies experience clinically important improvements in RA-related fatigue: results from the British Society for Rheumatology Biologics Register for Rheumatoid Arthritis

Katie L. Druce et al.

RHEUMATOLOGY (2015)

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The dormant blood microbiome in chronic, inflammatory diseases

Marnie Potgieter et al.

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Evaluation of Endothelial Function by Flow Mediated Dilation: Methodological Issues and Clinical Importance

Lorenzo Ghiadoni et al.

HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE & CARDIOVASCULAR PREVENTION (2015)

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Rheumatoid arthritis increases the risk of deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary thromboembolism: a nationwide cohort study

Wei-Sheng Chung et al.

ANNALS OF THE RHEUMATIC DISEASES (2014)

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Oxidative Stress and Suicidal Erythrocyte Death

Florian Lang et al.

ANTIOXIDANTS & REDOX SIGNALING (2014)

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Rheumatoid arthritis is caused by a Proteus urinary tract infection

Alan Ebringer et al.

APMIS (2014)

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Nattokinase: production and application

Fatemeh Dabbagh et al.

APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY (2014)

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Human blood monocytes support persistence, but not replication of the intracellular pathogen C. pneumoniae

Tanja Buchacher et al.

BMC IMMUNOLOGY (2014)

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Dabigatran, rivaroxaban, apixaban, argatroban and fondaparinux and their effects on coagulation POC and platelet function tests

Thomas Eller et al.

CLINICAL CHEMISTRY AND LABORATORY MEDICINE (2014)

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Risk of venous thromboembolism in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Patompong Ungprasert et al.

CLINICAL RHEUMATOLOGY (2014)

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The role of mast cells in ischemia and reperfusion injury

Mu-qing Yang et al.

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Diagnostic morphology: biophysical indicators for iron-driven inflammatory diseases

Etheresia Pretorius et al.

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Unusual clotting dynamics of plasma supplemented with iron(III)

Jerzy Jankun et al.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR MEDICINE (2014)

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Mast cell degranulation promotes ischemia-reperfusion injury in rat liver

Mu-qing Yang et al.

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Estrogen Causes Ultrastructural Changes of Fibrin Networks During the Menstrual Cycle: A Qualitative Investigation

Albe C. Swanepoel et al.

MICROSCOPY RESEARCH AND TECHNIQUE (2014)

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Oxidative stress in rheumatoid arthritis patients: relationship to diseases activity

Mirjana Veselinovic et al.

MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY (2014)

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Ischaemic accumulation of succinate controls reperfusion injury through mitochondrial ROS

Edward T. Chouchani et al.

NATURE (2014)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Serum ferritin is an important inflammatory disease marker, as it is mainly a leakage product from damaged cells

Douglas B. Kell et al.

METALLOMICS (2014)

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Transport proteins promoting Escherichia coli pathogenesis

Fengyi Tang et al.

MICROBIAL PATHOGENESIS (2014)

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Profound Morphological Changes in the Erythrocytes and Fibrin Networks of Patients with Hemochromatosis or with Hyperferritinemia, and Their Normalization by Iron Chelators and Other Agents

Etheresia Pretorius et al.

PLOS ONE (2014)

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Forced Resurgence and Targeting of Intracellular Uropathogenic Escherichia coli Reservoirs

Matthew G. Blango et al.

PLOS ONE (2014)

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The battle for iron

Andrew E. Armitage et al.

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The Placenta Harbors a Unique Microbiome

Kjersti Aagaard et al.

SCIENCE TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE (2014)

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Iron Acquisition in Bacillus cereus: The Roles of IlsA and Bacillibactin in Exogenous Ferritin Iron Mobilization

Diego Segond et al.

PLOS PATHOGENS (2014)

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The risk of pulmonary embolism and deep vein thrombosis in rheumatoid arthritis: a UK population-based outpatient cohort study

Hyon K. Choi et al.

ANNALS OF THE RHEUMATIC DISEASES (2013)

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Role of Nrf2 in Oxidative Stress and Toxicity

Qiang Ma

ANNUAL REVIEW OF PHARMACOLOGY AND TOXICOLOGY, VOL 53, 2013 (2013)

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Bacterial Persister Cell Formation and Dormancy

Thomas K. Wood et al.

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The Silent Global Burden of Congenital Cytomegalovirus

Sheetal Manicklal et al.

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Recombinant Protein Production of Earthworm Lumbrokinase for Potential Antithrombotic Application

Kevin Yueju Wang et al.

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The role of iron-induced fibrin in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease and the protective role of magnesium

Boguslaw Lipinski et al.

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Differences in Morphology of Fibrin Clots Induced with Thrombin and Ferric Ions and Its Pathophysiological Consequences

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HEART LUNG AND CIRCULATION (2013)

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The in vivo extracellular life of facultative intracellular bacterial parasites: Role in pathogenesis

Manuel T. Silva et al.

IMMUNOBIOLOGY (2013)

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Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury: a neglected therapeutic target

Derek J. Hausenloy et al.

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What Does It Take to Satisfy Koch's Postulates Two Centuries Later?: Microbial Genomics and Propionibacteria acnes

Julia A. Segre

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Inflammation as a predictor for delayed cerebral ischemia after aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage

Catherine J. McMahon et al.

JOURNAL OF NEUROINTERVENTIONAL SURGERY (2013)

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JAK2/STAT3 activation by melatonin attenuates the mitochondrial oxidative damage induced by myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury

Yang Yang et al.

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X-ray structure determination and deuteration of nattokinase

Yasuhide Yanagisawa et al.

JOURNAL OF SYNCHROTRON RADIATION (2013)

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Potential benefits of green tea polyphenol EGCG in the prevention and treatment of vascular inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis

Sharayah Riegsecker et al.

LIFE SCIENCES (2013)

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Ischaemia-reperfusion injury, in liver transplantation-from bench to bedside

Yuan Zhai et al.

NATURE REVIEWS GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY (2013)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Molecular strategies of microbial iron assimilation: from high-affinity complexes to cofactor assembly systems

Marcus Miethke

METALLOMICS (2013)

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Characterization of nitrotyrosine as a biomarker for arthritis and joint injury

T. P. Misko et al.

OSTEOARTHRITIS AND CARTILAGE (2013)

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Cyclic Amp-Dependent Resuscitation of Dormant Mycobacteria by Exogenous Free Fatty Acids

Margarita Shleeva et al.

PLOS ONE (2013)

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Enterococcus faecalis Subverts and Invades the Host Urothelium in Patients with Chronic Urinary Tract Infection

Harry Horsley et al.

PLOS ONE (2013)

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A novel method for assessing the role of iron and its functional chelation in fibrin fibril formation: the use of scanning electron microscopy

Etheresia Pretorius et al.

TOXICOLOGY MECHANISMS AND METHODS (2013)

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Risk of Venous Thromboembolism in Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis

Seoyoung C. Kim et al.

ARTHRITIS CARE & RESEARCH (2013)

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Review Surgery

Serratiopeptidase: A systematic review of the existing evidence

Shivani Bhagat et al.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SURGERY (2013)

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Herpesviruses: latency and reactivation – viral strategies and host response

Bjørn Grinde

Journal of Oral Microbiology (2013)

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Oral fibrinogen-depleting agent lumbrokinase for secondary ischemic stroke prevention: results from a multicenter, randomized, parallel-group and controlled clinical trial

Cao Yong-jun et al.

CHINESE MEDICAL JOURNAL (2013)

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Role of the gut microbiota in immunity and inflammatory disease

Nobuhiko Kamada et al.

NATURE REVIEWS IMMUNOLOGY (2013)

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Targeting Persisters for Tuberculosis Control

Ying Zhang et al.

ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY (2012)

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Curcumin induces autophagy to protect vascular endothelial cell survival from oxidative stress damage

Jing Han et al.

AUTOPHAGY (2012)

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Inflammation in Myocardial Diseases

David J. Marchant et al.

CIRCULATION RESEARCH (2012)

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Crosstalk between Inflammation and Coagulation: The Lessons of Sepsis

Tom van der Poll et al.

CURRENT VASCULAR PHARMACOLOGY (2012)

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Ergothioneine protects against neuronal injury induced by β-amyloid in mice

Nae-Cherng Yang et al.

FOOD AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY (2012)

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Killing me softly - Suicidal erythrocyte death

Elisabeth Lang et al.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY & CELL BIOLOGY (2012)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Risk of Venous Thromboembolism in Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis and Association With Disease Duration and Hospitalization

Marie E. Holmqvist et al.

JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION (2012)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Chronic fatigue syndrome: acute infection and history of physical activity affect resting levels and response to exercise of plasma oxidant/antioxidant status and heat shock proteins

Y. Jammes et al.

JOURNAL OF INTERNAL MEDICINE (2012)

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Review Immunology

A battle for iron: host sequestration and Staphylococcus aureus acquisition

Kathryn P. Haley et al.

MICROBES AND INFECTION (2012)

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Increased ventricular lactate in chronic fatigue syndrome. III. Relationships to cortical glutathione and clinical symptoms implicate oxidative stress in disorder pathophysiology

Dikoma C. Shungu et al.

NMR IN BIOMEDICINE (2012)

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Review Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

The ergothioneine transporter controls and indicates ergothioneine activity - A review

Dirk Gruendemann

PREVENTIVE MEDICINE (2012)

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Modifiable risk factors for RA: prevention, better than cure?

Manjari Lahiri et al.

RHEUMATOLOGY (2012)

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Article Rheumatology

Scanning electron microscopy of fibrin networks in rheumatoid arthritis: a qualitative analysis

Etheresia Pretorius et al.

RHEUMATOLOGY INTERNATIONAL (2012)

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Drugs that Affect Platelet Function

Ruediger E. Scharf

SEMINARS IN THROMBOSIS AND HEMOSTASIS (2012)

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Review Hematology

Physiology and Pathophysiology of Eryptosis

Florian Lang et al.

TRANSFUSION MEDICINE AND HEMOTHERAPY (2012)

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Current strategies to minimize hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury by targeting reactive oxygen species

Hartmut Jaeschke et al.

TRANSPLANTATION REVIEWS (2012)

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Review Immunology

Intracellular Staphylococcus aureus: live-in and let die

Martin Fraunholz et al.

FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY (2012)

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Classical labeling of bacterial pathogens according to their lifestyle in the host: nconsistencies and alternatives

Manuel T. Silva

FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY (2012)

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Bacterial invasion of vascular cell types: vascular infectology and atherogenesis

Emil Kozarov

FUTURE CARDIOLOGY (2012)

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Internal affairs: investigating the Brucella intracellular lifestyle

Kristine von Bargen et al.

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Review Microbiology

Persistence of Bartonella spp. stealth pathogens: from subclinical infections to vasoproliferative tumor formation

Arto T. Pulliainen et al.

FEMS MICROBIOLOGY REVIEWS (2012)

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Review Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine

Cell entry and exit by periodontal pathogen Porphyromonas gingivalis

Atsuo Amano et al.

JOURNAL OF ORAL BIOSCIENCES (2012)

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Article Virology

Association of Active Human Herpesvirus-6, -7 and Parvovirus B19 Infection with Clinical Outcomes in Patients with Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Svetlana Chapenko et al.

ADVANCES IN VIROLOGY (2012)

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Review Medical Laboratory Technology

Pre-eclampsia: Relationship between coagulation, fibrinolysis and inflammation

Luci M. Dusse et al.

CLINICA CHIMICA ACTA (2011)

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Linking inflammation and coagulation: novel drug targets to treat organ ischemia

Carla Jennewein et al.

CURRENT OPINION IN ANESTHESIOLOGY (2011)

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The effect of inflammation on coagulation and vice versa

Tom van der Poll et al.

CURRENT OPINION IN INFECTIOUS DISEASES (2011)

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Virus reactivation: a panoramic view in human infections

Christopher M. Traylen et al.

FUTURE VIROLOGY (2011)

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An evolutionary strategy for a stealthy intracellular Brucella pathogen

Anna Martirosyan et al.

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Myalgic encephalomyelitis: International Consensus Criteria

B. M. Carruthers et al.

JOURNAL OF INTERNAL MEDICINE (2011)

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Review Immunology

Alzheimer's disease - a neurospirochetosis. Analysis of the evidence following Koch's and Hill's criteria

Judith Miklossy

JOURNAL OF NEUROINFLAMMATION (2011)

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Review Microbiology

Are bloodstream leukocytes Trojan Horses for the metastasis of Staphylococcus aureus?

Guy E. Thwaites et al.

NATURE REVIEWS MICROBIOLOGY (2011)

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Review Hematology

Trauma-Induced Coagulopathy-A Review of the Systematic Reviews: Is There Sufficient Evidence to Guide Clinical Transfusion Practice?

Nicola Curry et al.

TRANSFUSION MEDICINE REVIEWS (2011)

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Review Pharmacology & Pharmacy

Free radicals and antioxidants - quo vadis?

Barry Halliwell

TRENDS IN PHARMACOLOGICAL SCIENCES (2011)

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Review Critical Care Medicine

Clinical review: use of venous oxygen saturations as a goal - a yet unfinished puzzle

Paul van Beest et al.

CRITICAL CARE (2011)

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Article Biochemical Research Methods

Purification, crystallization and preliminary X-ray diffraction experiment of nattokinase from Bacillus subtilis natto

Yasuhide Yanagisawa et al.

ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION F-STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY COMMUNICATIONS (2010)

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Review Microbiology

Intracellular Lifestyles and Immune Evasion Strategies of Uropathogenic Escherichia coli

David A. Hunstad et al.

ANNUAL REVIEW OF MICROBIOLOGY, VOL 64, 2010 (2010)

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Review Microbiology

Persister Cells

Kim Lewis

ANNUAL REVIEW OF MICROBIOLOGY, VOL 64, 2010 (2010)

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Review Toxicology

Towards a unifying, systems biology understanding of large-scale cellular death and destruction caused by poorly liganded iron: Parkinson's, Huntington's, Alzheimer's, prions, bactericides, chemical toxicology and others as examples

Douglas B. Kell

ARCHIVES OF TOXICOLOGY (2010)

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Article Immunology

Rheumatoid arthritis, Proteus, anti-CCP antibodies and Karl Popper

Alan Ebringer et al.

AUTOIMMUNITY REVIEWS (2010)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

The unusual amino acid L-ergothioneine is a physiologic cytoprotectant

B. D. Paul et al.

CELL DEATH AND DIFFERENTIATION (2010)

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Review Microbiology

Viral Latency and Its Regulation: Lessons from the γ-Herpesviruses

Samuel H. Speck et al.

CELL HOST & MICROBE (2010)

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Review Cell Biology

The struggle for iron - a metal at the host-pathogen interface

Manfred Nairz et al.

CELLULAR MICROBIOLOGY (2010)

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Article Food Science & Technology

Ergothioneine protects against neuronal injury induced by cisplatin both in vitro and in vivo

Tuzz-Ying Song et al.

FOOD AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY (2010)

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Article Food Science & Technology

Evaluation of Antioxidant and Inhibitory Activities for Different Subclasses Flavonoids on Enzymes for Rheumatoid Arthritis

Je-Hyuk Lee et al.

JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE (2010)

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Article Pharmacology & Pharmacy

Intestinal Absorption of Fibrinolytic and Proteolytic Lumbrokinase Extracted from Earthworm, Eisenia andrei

Xiang Mei Yan et al.

KOREAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY & PHARMACOLOGY (2010)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Nutraceutical Antioxidants as Novel Neuroprotective Agents

Natalie A. Kelsey et al.

MOLECULES (2010)

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Article Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Shape and Biomechanical Characteristics of Human Red Blood Cells in Health and Disease

Monica Diez-Silva et al.

MRS BULLETIN (2010)

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Article Neurosciences

Fibrinogen and β-Amyloid Association Alters Thrombosis and Fibrinolysis: A Possible Contributing Factor to Alzheimer's Disease

Marta Cortes-Canteli et al.

NEURON (2010)

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Article Biophysics

Increased ventricular lactate in chronic fatigue syndrome measured by 1H MRS imaging at 3.0 T. II: comparison with major depressive disorder

James W. Murrough et al.

NMR IN BIOMEDICINE (2010)

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Article Nutrition & Dietetics

High cocoa polyphenol rich chocolate may reduce the burden of the symptoms in chronic fatigue syndrome

Thozhukat Sathyapalan et al.

NUTRITION JOURNAL (2010)

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Article Cell Biology

Hypercoagulability, platelet function, inflammation and coronary artery disease acuity: Results of the Thrombotic RIsk Progression (TRIP) Study

Udaya S. Tantry et al.

PLATELETS (2010)

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Article Microbiology

The Battle for Iron between Bacterial Pathogens and Their Vertebrate Hosts

Eric P. Skaar

PLOS PATHOGENS (2010)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Molecular Mechanisms Underlying the Flavonoid-Induced Inhibition of α-Synuclein Fibrillation

Xiaoyun Meng et al.

BIOCHEMISTRY (2009)

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Review Genetics & Heredity

Iron behaving badly: inappropriate iron chelation as a major contributor to the aetiology of vascular and other progressive inflammatory and degenerative diseases

Douglas B. Kell

BMC MEDICAL GENOMICS (2009)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Reducing oxidative/nitrosative stress: a newly-discovered genre for melatonin

Russel J. Reiter et al.

CRITICAL REVIEWS IN BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY (2009)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Bioavailability of Flavonoids: A Review of Their Membrane Transport and the Function of Bilitranslocase in Animal and Plant Organisms

Sabina Passamonti et al.

CURRENT DRUG METABOLISM (2009)

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Article Neurosciences

Oxidative Stress and Neurodegenerative Diseases: A Review of Upstream and Downstream Antioxidant Therapeutic Options

Bayani Uttara et al.

CURRENT NEUROPHARMACOLOGY (2009)

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Review Chemistry, Medicinal

Synthetic and natural iron chelators: therapeutic potential and clinical use

Heather C. Hatcher et al.

FUTURE MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY (2009)

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Review Genetics & Heredity

Neuroprotective molecular mechanisms of (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate: a reflective outcome of its antioxidant, iron chelating and neuritogenic properties

Orly Weinreb et al.

GENES AND NUTRITION (2009)

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Article Agriculture, Multidisciplinary

Amyloid-Degrading Ability of Nattokinase from Bacillus subtilis Natto

Ruei-Lin Hsu et al.

JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY (2009)

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Article Integrative & Complementary Medicine

Improved Myocardial Perfusion in Stable Angina Pectoris by Oral Lumbrokinase: A Pilot Study

Manoefris Kasim et al.

JOURNAL OF ALTERNATIVE AND COMPLEMENTARY MEDICINE (2009)

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Article Plant Sciences

Astragalus membranaceus flavonoids (AMF) ameliorate chronic fatigue syndrome induced by food intake restriction plus forced swimming

Yao-Haur Kuo et al.

JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY (2009)

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Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Longitudinal cohort study on the effectiveness of lipid apheresis treatment to reduce high lipoprotein(a) levels and prevent major adverse coronary events

Beate R. Jaeger et al.

NATURE CLINICAL PRACTICE CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE (2009)

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Review Physiology

Prions: Protein Aggregation and Infectious Diseases

Adriano Aguzzi et al.

PHYSIOLOGICAL REVIEWS (2009)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Pulsatile Stimulation Determines Timing and Specificity of NF-κB-Dependent Transcription

Louise Ashall et al.

SCIENCE (2009)

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Article Microscopy

Macrothrombocytopenia: Investigating the Ultrastructure of Platelets and Fibrin Networks Using Scanning and Transmission Electron Microscopy

Etheresia Pretorius et al.

ULTRASTRUCTURAL PATHOLOGY (2009)

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Article Clinical Neurology

Histogram Analysis of MR Imaging-Derived Cerebral Blood Volume Maps: Combined Glioma Grading and Identification of Low-Grade Oligodendroglial Subtypes

K. E. Emblem et al.

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF NEURORADIOLOGY (2008)

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Review Microbiology

Evolution of Intracellular Pathogens

Arturo Casadevall

ANNUAL REVIEW OF MICROBIOLOGY (2008)

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Review Cell Biology

Host cell processes that influence the intracellular survival of Legionella pneumophila

Sunny Shin et al.

CELLULAR MICROBIOLOGY (2008)

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Article Peripheral Vascular Disease

Effects of Nattokinase on Blood Pressure: A Randomized, Controlled Trial

Ji Young Kim et al.

HYPERTENSION RESEARCH (2008)

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Article Surgery

Ergothioneine modulates proinflammatory cytokines and heat shock protein 70 in mesenteric ischemia and reperfusion injury

Omer Sakrak et al.

JOURNAL OF SURGICAL RESEARCH (2008)

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Article Infectious Diseases

Causality and gastrointestinal infections: Koch, Hill, and Crohn's

Anne-Marie Lowe et al.

LANCET INFECTIOUS DISEASES (2008)

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Review Physiology

Mechanisms underlying acute protection from cardiac ischemia-reperfusion injury

Elizabeth Murphy et al.

PHYSIOLOGICAL REVIEWS (2008)

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Review Critical Care Medicine

The Coagulopathy of Trauma: A Review of Mechanisms

John R. Hess et al.

JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE (2008)

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Article Cell Biology

Inflammation, endothelium, and coagulation in sepsis

Marcel Schouten et al.

JOURNAL OF LEUKOCYTE BIOLOGY (2008)

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Article Pharmacology & Pharmacy

Curcumin protects the rat liver from CCl4-caused injury and fibrogenesis by attenuating oxidative stress and suppressing inflammation

Yumei Fu et al.

MOLECULAR PHARMACOLOGY (2008)

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Review Medicine, General & Internal

Antioxidant supplements for prevention of mortality in healthy participants and patients with various diseases

G. Bjelakovic et al.

COCHRANE DATABASE OF SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS (2008)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Detection of intracellular bacterial communities in human urinary tract infection

David A. Rosen et al.

PLOS MEDICINE (2007)

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Article Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology

Medium optimization for the production of recombinant nattokinase by Bacillus subtilis using response surface methodology

Po Ting Chen et al.

BIOTECHNOLOGY PROGRESS (2007)

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Article Agriculture, Multidisciplinary

Dietary sources and antioxidant effects of ergothioneine

Janine Ey et al.

JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY (2007)

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Review Cell Biology

Mechanisms of disease - Insights into prion strains and neurotoxicity

Adriano Aguzzi et al.

NATURE REVIEWS MOLECULAR CELL BIOLOGY (2007)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Curcumin protects against acute liver damage in the rat by inhibiting NF-κB, proinflammatory cytokines production and oxidative stress

Karina Reyes-Gordillo et al.

BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-GENERAL SUBJECTS (2007)

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Review Biochemical Research Methods

Chromatographic and mass spectrometric methods for quantitative determination of 3-nitrotyrosine in biological samples and their application to human samples

Henrik Ryberg et al.

JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY B-ANALYTICAL TECHNOLOGIES IN THE BIOMEDICAL AND LIFE SCIENCES (2007)

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Article Surgery

Lipocalin-2 regulates the inflammatory response during ischemia and reperfusion of the transplanted heart

F. Aigner et al.

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION (2007)

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Review Physiology

The NOX family of ROS-generating NADPH oxidases: Physiology and pathophysiology

Karen Bedard et al.

PHYSIOLOGICAL REVIEWS (2007)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

SAR and QSAR of the antioxidant activity of flavonoids

Dragan Amic et al.

CURRENT MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY (2007)

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Article Chemistry, Applied

Quantification of polyphenols and ergothioneine in cultivated mushrooms and correlation to total antioxidant capacity

N. Joy Dubost et al.

FOOD CHEMISTRY (2007)

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Review Food Science & Technology

DNA damage, a biomarker of carcinogenesis: Its measurement and modulation by diet and environment

Eun-Sun Hwang et al.

CRITICAL REVIEWS IN FOOD SCIENCE AND NUTRITION (2007)

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Article Medicine, Research & Experimental

Erythrocyte oxidative damage in chronic fatigue syndrome

Ross S. Richards et al.

ARCHIVES OF MEDICAL RESEARCH (2007)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Viral suppression of the interferon system

Friedemann Weber et al.

BIOCHIMIE (2007)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Free radicals and antioxidants in normal physiological functions and human disease

Marian Valko et al.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY & CELL BIOLOGY (2007)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Mechanisms of uropathogenic Escherichia coli persistence and eradication from the urinary tract

Indira U. Mysorekar et al.

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (2006)

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Article Pharmacology & Pharmacy

Nattokinase for prevention of thrombosis

Ming-Wai Tai et al.

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HEALTH-SYSTEM PHARMACY (2006)

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Review Medicine, Research & Experimental

Iron and infection: effects of host iron status and the iron-regulatory genes haptoglobin and NRAMPI (SLCIIAI) on host-pathogen interactions in tuberculosis and HIV

Joann M. McDermid et al.

CLINICAL SCIENCE (2006)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

NADPH oxidases in cardiovascular health and disease

Alison C. Cave et al.

ANTIOXIDANTS & REDOX SIGNALING (2006)

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Review Chemistry, Medicinal

Mechanisms of formation, genotoxicity, and mutation of guanine oxidation products

WL Neeley et al.

CHEMICAL RESEARCH IN TOXICOLOGY (2006)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Metabolomics, modelling and machine learning in systems biology - towards an understanding of the languages of cells

DB Kell

FEBS JOURNAL (2006)

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Article Hematology

Is chronic fatigue syndrome associated with platelet activation?

G Kennedy et al.

BLOOD COAGULATION & FIBRINOLYSIS (2006)

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Review Food Science & Technology

Green tea catechins as brain-permeable, natural iron chelators-antioxidants for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders

S Mandel et al.

MOLECULAR NUTRITION & FOOD RESEARCH (2006)

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Review Virology

The interferon response circuit: Induction and suppression by pathogenic viruses

O Haller et al.

VIROLOGY (2006)

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Review Hematology

The interactions between inflammation and coagulation

CT Esmon

BRITISH JOURNAL OF HAEMATOLOGY (2005)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Oxidative stress levels are raised in chronic fatigue syndrome and are associated with clinical symptoms

G Kennedy et al.

FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE (2005)

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Article Virology

Gamma interferon can block herpes simplex virus type 1 reactivation from latency, even in the presence of late gene expression

V Decman et al.

JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY (2005)

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Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

A review of recent studies on malondialdehyde as toxic molecule and biological marker of oxidative stress

D Del Rio et al.

NUTRITION METABOLISM AND CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES (2005)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Acute prooxidant effects of vitamin C in EDTA chelation therapy and long-term antioxidant benefits of therapy

I Hininger et al.

FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE (2005)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Discovery of the ergothioneine transporter

D Gründemann et al.

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (2005)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Redox regulation of NF-κB activation:: Distinct redox regulation between the cytoplasm and the nucleus

Y Kabe et al.

ANTIOXIDANTS & REDOX SIGNALING (2005)

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Review Clinical Neurology

The basic physiology and pathophysiology of melatonin

B Claustrat et al.

SLEEP MEDICINE REVIEWS (2005)

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Review Medicine, General & Internal

Meta-analysis: High-dosage vitamin E supplementation may increase all-cause mortality

ER Miller et al.

ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE (2005)

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Review Integrative & Complementary Medicine

Biological basis for the use of botanicals in osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis: A review

S Ahmed et al.

EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE (2005)

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Review Hematology

Oxidative stress and vascular disease

NR Madamanchi et al.

ARTERIOSCLEROSIS THROMBOSIS AND VASCULAR BIOLOGY (2005)

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Article Nutrition & Dietetics

L-Ergothioneine modulates oxidative damage in the kidney and liver of rats in vivo: studies upon the profile of polyunsaturated fatty acids

M Deiana et al.

CLINICAL NUTRITION (2004)

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Article Pathology

Secretion of tumor necrosis factor-α from human placental tissues induced by hypoxia-reoxygenation causes endothelial cell activation in vitro -: A potential mediator of the inflammatory response in preeclampsia

TH Hung et al.

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY (2004)

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Article Food Science & Technology

Natto bacillus as an oral fibrinolytic agent:: Nattokinase activity and the ingestion effect of Bacillus subtilis natto

H Sumi et al.

FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH (2004)

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Article Critical Care Medicine

Heparin and low-molecular-weight heparin - The Seventh ACCP Conference on Antithrombotic and Thrombolytic Therapy

J Hirsh et al.

CHEST (2004)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Cell-permeable peptide antioxidants targeted to inner mitochondrial membrane inhibit mitochondrial swelling, oxidative cell death, and reperfusion injury

KS Zhao et al.

JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY (2004)

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Review Microbiology

Molecular Koch's postulates applied to bacterial pathogenicity - a personal recollection 15 years later

S Falkow

NATURE REVIEWS MICROBIOLOGY (2004)

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Article Surgery

Ergothioneine pretreatment protects the liver from ischemia-reperfusion injury caused by increasing hepatic heat shock protein 70

A Bedirli et al.

JOURNAL OF SURGICAL RESEARCH (2004)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Oscillations in NF-κB signaling control the dynamics of gene expression

DE Nelson et al.

SCIENCE (2004)

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Article Oncology

Adalimumab - A review of its use in rheumatoid arthritis

LM Bang et al.

BIODRUGS (2004)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Low magnesium promotes endothelial cell dysfunction:: implications for atherosclerosis, inflammation and thrombosis

JAM Maier et al.

BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR BASIS OF DISEASE (2004)

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Review Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

The adhesion molecule P-selectin and cardiovascular disease

AD Blann et al.

EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL (2003)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

A review of approaches to the analysis of 3-nitrotyrosine

MW Duncan

AMINO ACIDS (2003)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Two-photon imaging of capillary blood flow in olfactory bulb glomeruli

E Chaigneau et al.

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (2003)

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Article Peripheral Vascular Disease

Prevention of venous thrombosis in long-haul flights with flite tabs: The LONFLIT-FLITE randomized, controlled trial

MR Cesarone et al.

ANGIOLOGY (2003)

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Article Medicine, Research & Experimental

Dietary supplementation of fermented soybean, natto, suppresses intimal thickening and modulates the lysis of mural thrombi after endothelial injury in rat femoral artery

Y Suzuki et al.

LIFE SCIENCES (2003)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

The nature of heme/iron-induced protein tyrosine nitration

K Bian et al.

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (2003)

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Review Psychiatry

Chronic fatigue syndrome: A review

N Afari et al.

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY (2003)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Diabetes, oxidative stress, and antioxidants: A review

AC Maritim et al.

JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMICAL AND MOLECULAR TOXICOLOGY (2003)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Progress in the analysis of urinary oxidative DNA damage

MS Cooke et al.

FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE (2002)

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Review Pharmacology & Pharmacy

The biochemistry and medical significance of the flavonoids

BH Havsteen

PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS (2002)

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Review Immunology

Viruses and interferon: A fight for supremacy

MG Katze et al.

NATURE REVIEWS IMMUNOLOGY (2002)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Free radical-induced damage to DNA: Mechanisms and measurement

M Dizdaroglu et al.

FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE (2002)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Stimulated platelets use serotonin to enhance their retention of procoagulant proteins on the cell surface

GL Dale et al.

NATURE (2002)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Amyloid beta-peptide (1-42)-induced oxidative stress and neurotoxicity: Implications for neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's disease brain. A review

DA Butterfield

FREE RADICAL RESEARCH (2002)

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Review Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

The inflammatory response in myocardial infarction

NG Frangogiannis et al.

CARDIOVASCULAR RESEARCH (2002)

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Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Hyperlipoproteinemia and apheresis. Clinical experience with the HELP-system

BR Jaeger et al.

HERZ (2001)

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Article Virology

Gamma interferon can prevent herpes simplex virus type 1 reactivation from latency in sensory neurons

T Liu et al.

JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY (2001)

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Article Pathology

In vitro ischemia-reperfusion injury in term human placenta as a model for oxidative stress in pathological pregnancies

TH Hung et al.

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY (2001)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

The Haber-Weiss cycle - 70 years later

WH Koppenol

REDOX REPORT (2001)

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Article Pharmacology & Pharmacy

The Haber-Weiss reaction and mechanisms of toxicity

JP Kehrer

TOXICOLOGY (2000)

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Review Medicine, General & Internal

Phagocytes and oxidative stress

BM Babior

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2000)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Lack of a role for iron in the Lyme disease pathogen

JE Posey et al.

SCIENCE (2000)

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Review Microbiology

HLA molecules, bacteria and autoimmunity

A Ebringer et al.

JOURNAL OF MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY (2000)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

What is oxidative stress?

DJ Betteridge

METABOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL (2000)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Blood parameters indicative of oxidative stress are associated with symptom expression in chronic fatigue syndrome

RS Richards et al.

REDOX REPORT (2000)

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