Resilience-constrained expansion planning of integrated power-gas-heat distribution networks

Integrated energy systems (IESs) have attracted wide attention as effective frameworks to develop efficient use of energy resources. Proactive preparedness is a sensible approach for integrated distribution networks (IDNs) to propitiously cope with high-impact rare (HR) events. In this paper, a resilient-constrained two-stage expansion planning methodology is proposed with the aim of simultaneously optimal expansion of the IDNs and resilience improvement against hurricanes in long-term. To maintain the independence of IDN's operation and to cope with the computational complexity of such large-scale planning problem, a modified linearized alternating direction method of multipliers with parallel splitting and the adaptive penalty (LADMMPSAP) is introduced to convert the centralized model to a decentralized one. Accordingly, a new framework for the interaction between IDNs is proposed with the resilience and energy coordinator unit (RECU), which is responsible for couplings coordination between IDNs. The main goal of stage 1 is to minimize total cost, which includes investment, operation, and resilience costs. The optimal expansion scheme with optimal operation strategies is obtained in this stage. A stochastic resilience maximization under hurricane occurrence scenarios is modeled in stage 2. A normalized resilience index (RI) for evaluating resilience in IDNs suitable for long-term planning is proposed. The priorities of lines hardening and tie-line installation are determined using the proposed resilience importance index (RII) in stage 2 and sent back to stage 1. The effectiveness of the proposed methodology is tested on real-scale IDNs. The simulation results depict the privileges of incorporating resilience in long-term expansion planning from both economic and technical aspects.

Automated summary

This paper proposes a resilient-constrained two-stage expansion planning methodology for integrated distribution networks (IDNs) and tests its effectiveness on real-scale IDNs. The methodology optimizes the expansion of IDNs while improving their resilience against hurricanes in the long term. It incorporates investment, operation, and resilience costs to achieve an optimal expansion scheme and uses a normalized resilience index to evaluate the resilience of IDNs.