Journal
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
Volume 306, Issue -, Pages 295-304Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2015.12.044
Keywords
Norfloxacin; Surfactant; Photocatalytic degradation; Visible light irradiation; Reaction mechanism
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Funding
- National Program for Support of Top-Notch Young Professionals of China
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [51222805]
- Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University from Ministry of Education of China [NCET-11-0129]
- Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, Hunan University
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Photocatalytic degradation is an alternative method to remove pharmaceutical compounds in water, however it is hard to achieve efficient rate because of the poor solubility of pharmaceutical compounds in water. This study investigated the photodegradation of norfloxacin in a nonionic surfactant Triton-X100 (TX100)/Bi2WO6 dispersion under visible light irradiation (400-750 nm). It was found that the degradation of poorly soluble NOF can be strongly enhanced with the addition of TX100. TX100 was adsorbed strongly on Bi2WO6 surface and accelerated NOF photodegradation at the critical micelle concentration (CMC= 0.25 mM). Higher TX100 concentration (>0.25 mM) lowered the degradation rate. In the presence of TX100, the degradation rate reached the maximum value when the pH value was 8.06. FTIR analyses demonstrated that the adsorbed NOF on the catalyst was completely degraded after 2 h irradiation. According to the intermediates identified by HPLC/MS/MS, three possible degradation pathways were proposed to include addition of hydroxyl radical to quinolone ring, elimination of piperazynilic ring in fluoroquinolone molecules, and replacement of F atoms on the aromatic ring by hydroxyl radicals. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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