Journal
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
Volume 316, Issue -, Pages 69-76Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2016.05.026
Keywords
Diffusive gradients in thin-films (DGT); Tungsten; Precipitated zirconia (PZ) gel; Sub-mm high-resolution; Hotspot bulk media interface
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Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) [21477053]
- NSFC
- Newton Fund/Royal Society [21511130063, R1504GFS]
- Nanjing University [201501B020]
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Increasing tungsten (W) use for industrial and military applications has resulted in greater W discharge into natural waters, soils and sediments. Risk modeling of W transport and fate in the environment relies on measurement of the release/mobilization flux of W in the bulk media and the interfaces between matrix compartments. Diffusive gradients in thin-films (DGT) is a promising passive sampling technique to acquire such information. DGT devices equipped with the newly developed high-resolution binding gels (precipitated zirconia, PZ, or ferrihydrite, PF, gels) or classic/conventional ferrihydrite slurry gel were comprehensively assessed for measuring Win waters. (Ferrihydrite)DGT can measure W at various ionic strengths (0.001-0.5 mol L-1 NaNO3) and pH (4-8), while (PZ)DGT can operate across slightly wider environmental conditions. The three DGT configurations gave comparable results for soil W measurement, showing that typically W resupply is relatively poorly sustained. 1D and 2D high-resolution W profiling across sediment water and hotspot bulk media interfaces from Lake Taihu were obtained using (PZ)DGT coupled with laser ablation ICP-MS measurement, and the apparent diffusion fluxes across the interfaces were calculated using a numerical model. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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