Journal
JOURNAL OF GENERAL VIROLOGY
Volume 97, Issue -, Pages 344-355Publisher
MICROBIOLOGY SOC
DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.000351
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Funding
- Medical Research Council of the Academy of Finland [252252, 255780]
- Sigrid Juselius Foundation
- Finnish Cultural Foundation
- Jenny and Antti Wihuri Foundation
- Intramural Research Program of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health
- Academy of Finland (AKA) [255780, 255780] Funding Source: Academy of Finland (AKA)
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In this study we assessed the ability of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) to replicate and induce innate immunity in human monocyte-derived macrophages and dendritic cells (MDDCs), and compared it with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV). Assessments of viral protein and RNA levels in infected cells showed that both viruses were impaired in their ability to replicate in these cells. Some induction of IFN-lambda 1, CXCL10 and MxA mRNAs in both macrophages and MDDCs was seen in response to MERS-CoV infection, but almost no such induction was observed in response to SARS-CoV infection. ELISA and Western blot assays showed clear production of CXCL10 and MxA in MERS-CoV-infected macrophages and MDDCs. Our data suggest that SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV replicate poorly in human macrophages and MDDCs, but MERS-CoV is nonetheless capable of inducing a readily detectable host innate immune response. Our results highlight a clear difference between the viruses in activating host innate immune responses in macrophages and MDDCs, which may contribute to the pathogenesis of infection.
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